10. Dasamavaggo

Na tathā mataṃ satarasanti āyasmato paripuṇṇakattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro dhammadassissa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto satthari parinibbute satthu cetiye pupphādīhi uḷāraṃ pūjaṃ akāsi. So tena puññakammena devesu nibbattitvā aparāparaṃ puññāni katvā sugatīsuyeva saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kapilavatthusmiṃ sakyarājakule nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto paripuṇṇavibhavatāya paripuṇṇakoti paññāyittha. So vibhavasampannatāya sabbakālaṃ satarasaṃ nāma āhāraṃ paribhuñjanto satthu missakāhāraparibhogaṃ sutvā ‘‘tāva sukhumālopi bhagavā nibbānasukhaṃ apekkhitvā yathā tathā yāpeti, kasmā mayaṃ āhāragiddhā hutvā āhārasuddhikā bhavissāma, nibbānasukhameva pana amhehi pariyesitabba’’nti saṃsāre jātasaṃvego gharāvāsaṃ pahāya satthu santike pabbajitvā bhagavatā kāyagatāsatikammaṭṭhāne niyojito tattha patiṭṭhāya paṭiladdhajhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 1.15.5-9) –

‘‘Nibbute lokanāthamhi, dhammadassīnarāsabhe;

Āropesiṃ dhajatthambhaṃ, buddhaseṭṭhassa cetiye.

‘‘Nisseṇiṃ māpayitvāna, thūpaseṭṭhaṃ samāruhiṃ;

Jātipupphaṃ gahetvāna, thūpamhi abhiropayiṃ.

‘‘Aho buddho aho dhammo, aho no satthu sampadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, thūpapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Catunnavutito kappe, thūpasīkhasanāmakā;

Soḷasāsiṃsu rājāno, cakkavattī mahabbalā.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā dhamme gāravabahumānena pītivegavissaṭṭhaṃ udānaṃ udānento ‘‘na tathā mataṃ satarasa’’nti gāthaṃ abhāsi.

91.Tattha na tathā mataṃ satarasaṃ, sudhannaṃ yaṃ mayajja paribhuttanti tathāti tena pakārena. Matanti abhimataṃ. Satarasanti satarasabhojanaṃ ‘‘satarasabhojanaṃ nāma satapākasappiādīhi abhisaṅkhataṃ bhojana’’nti vadanti. Atha vā anekattho satasaddo ‘‘sataso sahassaso’’tiādīsu viya. Tasmā yaṃ bhojanaṃ anekasūpaṃ anekabyañjanaṃ, taṃ anekarasatāya ‘‘satarasa’’nti vuccati, nānārasabhojananti attho. Sudhā eva annaṃ sudhābhojanaṃ devānaṃ āhāro. Yaṃ mayajja paribhuttanti yaṃ mayā ajja anubhuttaṃ. ‘‘Yaṃ mayā paribhutta’’nti ca idaṃ ‘‘satarasaṃ sudhanna’’nti etthāpi yojetabbaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yaṃ mayā ajja etarahi nirodhasamāpattisamāpajjanavasena phalasamāpattisamāpajjanavasena ca accantameva santaṃ paṇītaṃ nibbānasukhaṃ paribhuñjiyamānaṃ, taṃ yathā mataṃ abhimataṃ sambhāvitaṃ tathā rājakāle mayā paribhuttaṃ satarasabhojanaṃ devattabhāve paribhuttaṃ sudhannañca na mataṃ nābhimataṃ. Kasmā? Idañhi ariyanisevitaṃ nirāmisaṃ kilesānaṃ avatthubhūtaṃ, taṃ pana puthujjanasevitaṃ sāmisaṃ kilesānaṃ vatthubhūtaṃ, taṃ imassa saṅkhampi kalampi kalabhāgampi na upetīti. Idāni ‘‘yaṃ mayajja paribhutta’’nti vuttadhammaṃ desento aparimitadassinā gotamena, buddhena sudesito dhammo’’ti āha. Tassattho – aparimitaṃ aparicchinnaṃ uppādavayābhāvato santaṃ asaṅkhatadhātuṃ sayambhūñāṇena passī, aparimitassa anantāparimeyyassa ñeyyassa dassāvīti tena aparimitadassinā gotamagottena sammāsambuddhena ‘‘khayaṃ virāgaṃ amataṃ paṇīta’’nti (khu. pā. 6.4; su. ni. 227) ca ‘‘madanimmadano pipāsavinayo’’ (a. ni. 4.34; itivu. 90) ‘‘sabbasaṅkhārasamatho’’ti (a. ni. 5.140; 10.6) ca ādinā suṭṭhu desito dhammo, nibbānaṃ mayā ajja paribhuttanti yojanā.

Yassāsavā parikkhīṇāti āyasmato vijayattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro piyadassissa bhagavato kāle vibhavasampanne kule nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto satthari parinibbute tassa thūpassa ratanakhacitaṃ vedikaṃ kāretvā tattha uḷāraṃ vedikāmahaṃ kāresi. So tena puññakammena anekasate attabhāve maṇiobhāsena vicari. Evaṃ devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ brāhmaṇakule nibbatti, vijayotissa nāmaṃ ahosi. So vayappatto brāhmaṇavijjāsu nipphattiṃ gato tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā araññāyatane jhānalābhī hutvā viharanto buddhuppādaṃ sutvā uppannappasādo satthu santikaṃ upasaṅkamitvā satthāraṃ vanditvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Tassa satthā dhammaṃ desesi. So dhammaṃ sutvā pabbajitvā vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā nacirasseva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 1.15.10-14) –

‘‘Nibbute lokanāthamhi, piyadassīnaruttame;

Pasannacitto sumano, muttāvedimakāsahaṃ.

‘‘Maṇīhi parivāretvā, akāsiṃ vedimuttamaṃ;

Vedikāya mahaṃ katvā, tattha kālaṅkato ahaṃ.

‘‘Yaṃ yaṃ yonupapajjāmi, devattaṃ atha mānusaṃ;

Maṇī dhārenti ākāse, puññakammassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Soḷasito kappasate, maṇippabhāsanāmakā;

Chattiṃsāsiṃsu rājāno, cakkavattī mahabbalā.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā aññaṃ byākaronto ‘‘yassāsavā parikkhīṇā’’ti gāthaṃ abhāsi.

92.Tattha yassāsavā parikkhīṇāti yassa uttamapuggalassa kāmāsavādayo cattāro āsavā sabbaso khīṇā ariyamaggena khepitā. Āhāre ca anissitoti yo ca āhāre taṇhādiṭṭhinissayehi anissito agadhito anajjhāpanno, nidassanamattaṃ, āhārasīsenettha cattāropi paccayā gahitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Paccayapariyāyo vā idha āhāra-saddo veditabbo. ‘‘Suññato animitto cā’’ti ettha appaṇihitavimokkhopi gahitoyeva, tīṇipi cetāni nibbānasseva nāmāni. Nibbānañhi rāgādīnaṃ abhāvena suññaṃ, tehi vimuttañcāti suññatavimokkho, tathā rāgādinimittābhāvena saṅkhāranimittābhāvena ca animittaṃ, tehi vimuttañcāti animittavimokkho, rāgādipaṇidhīnaṃ abhāvena appaṇihitaṃ, tehi vimuttañcāti appaṇihito vimokkhoti vuccati. Phalasamāpattivasena taṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā viharantassa ayampi tividho vimokkho yassa gocaro, ākāseva sakuntānaṃ, padaṃ tassa durannayanti yathā ākāse gacchantānaṃ sakuṇānaṃ ‘‘imasmiṃ ṭhāne pādehi akkamitvā gatā, idaṃ ṭhānaṃ urena paharitvā gatā, idaṃ sīsena, idaṃ pakkhehī’’ti na sakkā ñātuṃ, evameva evarūpassa bhikkhuno ‘‘nirayapadādīsu iminā nāma padena gato’’ti ñāpetuñca na sakkāti.

Dukkhā kāmā erakāti āyasmato erakattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto siddhatthassa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto ekadivasaṃ satthāraṃ disvā pasannamānaso satthu kiñci dātabbayuttakaṃ alabhanto ‘‘handāhaṃ kāyasāraṃ puññaṃ karissāmī’’ti satthu gamanamaggaṃ sodhetvā samaṃ akāsi. Satthā tena tathākataṃ maggaṃ paṭipajji. So tattha bhagavantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso vanditvā añjaliṃ paggayha pasannacitto yāva dassanupacārasamatikkamā buddhārammaṇaṃ pītiṃ avijahanto aṭṭhāsi. So tena puññakammena devaloke nibbatto aparāparaṃ puññāni katvā sugatīsuyeva saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ sambhāvanīyassa kuṭumbiyassa putto hutvā nibbatti, erakotissa nāmaṃ ahosi abhirūpo dassanīyo pāsādiko itikattabbatāsu paramena veyyattiyena samannāgato. Tassa mātāpitaro kulena rūpena ācārena vayena kosallena ca anucchavikaṃ dārikaṃ ānetvā vivāhakammaṃ akaṃsu. So tāya saddhiṃ saṃvāsena gehe vasanto pacchimabhavikattā kenacideva saṃvegavatthunā saṃsāre saṃviggamānaso satthu santikaṃ gantvā dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbaji, tassa satthā kammaṭṭhānaṃ adāsi. So kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā katipayadivasātikkamena ukkaṇṭhābhibhūto vihāsi. Atha satthā tassa cittappavattiṃ ñatvā ovādavasena ‘‘dukkhā kāmā erakā’’ti gāthaṃ abhāsi. So taṃ sutvā ‘‘ayuttaṃ mayā kataṃ, yohaṃ evarūpassa satthu santike kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā taṃ vissajjento micchāvitakkabahulo vihāsi’’nti saṃvegajāto vipassanāya yuttappayutto nacirasseva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 1.15.32-36) –

‘‘Uttaritvāna nadikaṃ, vanaṃ gacchati cakkhumā;

Tamaddasāsiṃ sambuddhaṃ, siddhatthaṃ varalakkhaṇaṃ.

‘‘Kudālapiṭakamādāya, samaṃ katvāna taṃ pathaṃ;

Satthāraṃ abhivādetvā, sakaṃ cittaṃ pasādayiṃ.

‘‘Catunnavutito kappe, yaṃ kammamakariṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, maggadānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Sattapaññāsakappamhi, eko āsiṃ janādhipo;

Nāmena suppabuddhoti, nāyako so narissaro.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahā pana hutvā aññaṃ byākaronto –

‘‘Dukkhā kāmā eraka, na sukhā kāmā eraka;

Yo kāme kāmayati, dukkhaṃ so kāmayati eraka;

Yo kāme na kāmayati, dukkhaṃ so na kāmayati erakā’’ti. –

Tameva bhagavatā vuttagāthaṃ paccudāhāsi.

Tattha dukkhā kāmāti ime vatthukāmakilesakāmā dukkhavatthutāya vipariṇāmadukkhasaṃsāradukkhasabhāvato ca, dukkhā dukkhamā dukkhanibbattikā. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘appassādā kāmā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo’’tiādi (pāci. 417; ma. ni. 1.234). Erakāti paṭhamaṃ tāva bhagavā taṃ ālapati, pacchā pana thero attānaṃ nāmena kathesi. Na sukhā kāmāti kāmā nāmete jānantassa sukhā na honti, ajānantassa pana sukhato upaṭṭhahanti. Yathāha – ‘‘yo sukhaṃ dukkhato adda, dukkhamaddakkhi sallato’’tiādi (saṃ. ni. 4.253; itivu. 53; theragā. 986). Yo kāme kāmayati, dukkhaṃ so kāmayatīti yo satto kilesakāmena vatthukāme kāmayati, tassa taṃ kāmanaṃ sampati sapariḷāhatāya, āyatiṃ apāyadukkhahetutāya ca vaṭṭadukkhahetutāya ca dukkhaṃ. Vatthukāmā pana dukkhassa vatthubhūtā. Iti so dukkhasabhāvaṃ dukkhanimittaṃ dukkhavatthuñca kāmayatīti vutto. Itaraṃ paṭipakkhavasena tamevatthaṃ ñāpetuṃ vuttaṃ, tasmā tassattho vuttavipariyāyena veditabbo.

Namo hi tassa bhagavatoti āyasmato mettajittherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? So kira anomadassissa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto sāsane abhippasanno hutvā bodhirukkhassa iṭṭhakāhi vedikaṃ cinitvā sudhāparikammaṃ kāresi. Satthā tassa anumodanaṃ akāsi. So tena puññakammena devaloke nibbattitvā aparāparaṃ puññāni katvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde magadharaṭṭhe aññatarassa brāhmaṇassa putto hutvā nibbatti, mettajītissa nāmaṃ ahosi. So vayappatto kāmesu ādīnavaṃ disvā tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā araññe viharanto buddhuppādaṃ sutvā pubbahetunā codiyamāno satthu santikaṃ gantvā pavattinivattiyo ārabbha pañhaṃ pucchitvā satthārā pañhe vissajjite paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 1.15.26-31) –

‘‘Anomadassīmunino, bodhivedimakāsahaṃ;

Sudhāya piṇḍaṃ datvāna, pāṇikammaṃ akāsahaṃ.

‘‘Disvā taṃ sukataṃ kammaṃ, anomadassī naruttamo;

Bhikkhusaṅghe ṭhito satthā, imā gāthā abhāsatha.

‘‘Iminā sudhakammena, cetanāpaṇidhīhi ca;

Sampattiṃ anubhotvāna, dukkhassantaṃ karissati.

‘‘Pasannamukhavaṇṇomhi, ekaggo susamāhito;

Dhāremi antimaṃ dehaṃ, sammāsambuddhasāsane.

‘‘Ito kappasate āsiṃ, paripuṇṇe anūnake;

Rājā sabbaghano nāma, cakkavattī mahabbalo.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā satthāraṃ thomento –

‘‘Namo hi tassa bhagavato, sakyaputtassa sirīmato;

Tenāyaṃ aggappattena, aggadhammo sudesito’’ti. – gāthaṃ abhāsi;

Tattha namoti namakkāro. Hīti nipātamattaṃ. Tassāti yo so bhagavā samattiṃsapāramiyo pūretvā sabbakilese bhañjitvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho, sakyarājassa puttoti sakyaputto. Anaññasādhāraṇāya puññasampattiyā ca sambhāvito uttamāya rūpakāyasiriyā dhammakāyasiriyā ca samannāgatattā sirīmā, tassa bhagavato sakyaputtassa sirīmato namo atthu, taṃ namāmīti attho. Tenāti tena bhagavatā. Ayanti tassa dhammassa attano paccakkhatāya vadati. Aggappattenāti aggaṃ sabbaññutaṃ, sabbehi vā guṇehi aggabhāvaṃ seṭṭhabhāvaṃ pattena. Aggadhammoti aggo uttamo navavidhalokuttaro dhammo suṭṭhu aviparītaṃ desito paveditoti.

Andhohaṃ hatanettosmīti āyasmato cakkhupālattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Sopi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni karonto siddhatthassa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto bhagavati parinibbute thūpamahe kayiramāne umāpupphaṃ gahetvā thūpaṃ pūjesi. So tena puññakammena devaloke nibbattitvā aparāparaṃ puññāni katvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ mahāsuvaṇṇassa nāma kuṭumbikassa putto hutvā nibbatti, tassa pāloti nāmamakaṃsu. Mātā tassa ādhāvitvā paridhāvitvā vicaraṇakāle aññaṃ puttaṃ labhi. Tassa mātāpitaro cūḷapāloti nāmaṃ katvā itaraṃ mahāpāloti vohariṃsu. Atha te vayappatte gharabandhanena bandhiṃsu. Tasmiṃ samaye satthā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane. Tattha mahāpālo jetavanaṃ gacchantehi upāsakehi saddhiṃ vihāraṃ gantvā satthu santike dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho kuṭumbabhāraṃ kaniṭṭhabhātikasseva bhāraṃ katvā sayaṃ pabbajitvā laddhūpasampado ācariyupajjhāyānaṃ santike pañcavassāni vasitvā vuṭṭhavasso pavāretvā satthu santike kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā saṭṭhimatte sahāyabhikkhū labhitvā tehi saddhiṃ bhāvanānukūlaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ pariyesanto aññataraṃ paccantagāmaṃ nissāya gāmavāsikehi upāsakehi kāretvā dinnāya araññāyatane paṇṇasālāya vasanto samaṇadhammaṃ karoti. Tassa akkhirogo uppanno. Vejjo bhesajjaṃ sampādetvā adāsi. So vejjena vuttavidhānaṃ na paṭipajji. Tenassa rogo vaḍḍhi. So ‘‘akkhirogavūpasamanato kilesarogavūpasamanameva mayhaṃ vara’’nti akkhirogaṃ ajjhupekkhitvā vipassanāyayeva yuttappayutto ahosi. Tassa bhāvanaṃ ussukkāpentassa apubbaṃ acarimaṃ akkhīni ceva kilesā ca bhijjiṃsu. So sukkhavipassako arahā ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 1.15.21-25) –

‘‘Nibbute lokamahite, āhutīnaṃ paṭiggahe;

Siddhatthamhi bhagavati, mahāthūpamaho ahu.

‘‘Mahe pavattamānamhi, siddhatthassa mahesino;

Umāpupphaṃ gahetvāna, thūpamhi abhiropayiṃ.

‘‘Catunnavutito kappe, yaṃ pupphamabhiropayiṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, thūpapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Ito ca navame kappe, somadevasanāmakā;

Pañcāsītisu rājāno, cakkavattī mahabbalā.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Atha there akkhirogena vihāre ohīne gāmaṃ piṇḍāya gate bhikkhū disvā upāsakā ‘‘kasmā thero nāgato’’ti pucchitvā tamatthaṃ sutvā sokābhibhūtā piṇḍapātaṃ upanetvā, ‘‘bhante, kiñci mā cintayittha, idāni mayameva piṇḍapātaṃ ānetvā upaṭṭhahissāmā’’ti tathā karonti. Bhikkhū therassa ovāde ṭhatvā nacirasseva arahattaṃ patvā vuṭṭhavassā pavāretvā, ‘‘satthāraṃ vandituṃ sāvatthiṃ gamissāma, bhante’’ti āhaṃsu. Thero, ‘‘ahaṃ dubbalo acakkhuko, maggo ca saupaddavo, mayā saddhiṃ gacchantānaṃ tumhākaṃ parissayo bhavissati, tumhe paṭhamaṃ gacchatha, gantvā satthāraṃ mahāthere ca mama vandanāya vandatha, cūḷapālassa mama pavattiṃ kathetvā kañci purisaṃ peseyyāthā’’ti āha. Te punapi yācitvā gamanaṃ alabhantā ‘‘sādhū’’ti paṭissuṇitvā senāsanaṃ saṃsāmetvā upāsake āpucchitvā anukkamena jetavanaṃ gantvā satthāraṃ mahāthere ca tassa vandanāya vanditvā dutiyadivase sāvatthiyaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā cūḷapālassa taṃ pavattiṃ vatvā tena ‘‘ayaṃ, bhante, mayhaṃ bhāgineyyo pālito nāma, imaṃ pesissāmī’’ti vutte, ‘‘maggo saparissayo, na sakkā ekena gahaṭṭhena gantuṃ, tasmā pabbājetabbo’’ti taṃ pabbājetvā pesesuṃ. So anukkamena therassa santikaṃ gantvā attānaṃ tassa orocetvā taṃ gahetvā āgacchanto antarāmagge aññatarassa gāmassa sāmantā araññaṭṭhāne ekissā kaṭṭhahāriyā gāyantiyā saddaṃ sutvā paṭibaddhacitto hutvā yaṭṭhikoṭiṃ vissajjetvā ‘‘tiṭṭhatha, bhante, muhuttaṃ yāvāhaṃ āgacchāmī’’ti vatvā tassā santikaṃ gantvā tattha sīlavipattiṃ pāpuṇi. Thero idānimeva itthiyā gītasaddo suto, sāmaṇero ca cirāyati, nūna sīlavipattiṃ patto bhavissatī’’ti cintesi. Sopi āgantvā ‘‘gacchāma, bhante’’ti āha. Thero ‘‘kiṃ pāpo jātosī’’ti pucchi. Sāmaṇero tuṇhī hutvā puna pucchitopi na kathesi. Thero ‘‘tādisena pāpena mayhaṃ yaṭṭhigahaṇakiccaṃ natthi, gaccha tva’’nti vatvā puna tena ‘‘bahuparissayo maggo, tumhe ca andhā, kathaṃ gamissathā’’ti vutte ‘‘bāla idheva me nipajjitvā marantassāpi aparāparaṃ parivattentassāpi tādisena gamanaṃ nāma natthī’’ti imamatthaṃ dassento –

‘‘Andhohaṃ hatanettosmi, kantāraddhānapakkhando;

Sayamānopi gacchissaṃ, na sahāyena pāpenā’’ti. – gāthaṃ abhāsittha;

Tattha andhoti cakkhuvikalo. Hatanettoti vinaṭṭhacakkhuko, tena ‘‘payogavipattivasenāhaṃ upahatanettatāya andho, na jaccandhabhāvenā’’ti yathāvuttaṃ andhabhāvaṃ viseseti. Atha vā ‘‘andho’’ti idaṃ ‘‘andhe jiṇṇe mātāpitaro posetī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 2.288) viya maṃsacakkhuvekalladīpanaṃ, ‘‘sabbepime paribbājakā andhā acakkhukā’’ (udā. 54) ‘‘andho ekacakkhu dvicakkhū’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 3.29) viya na paññācakkhuvekalladīpananti dassetuṃ ‘‘hatanettosmī’’ti vuttaṃ, tena mukhyameva andhabhāvaṃ dasseti. Kantāraddhānapakkhandoti kantāre vivane dīghamaggaṃ anupaviṭṭho, na jātikantārādigahanaṃ saṃsāraddhānaṃ paṭipannoti adhippāyo. Tādisañhi kantāraddhānaṃ ayaṃ thero samatikkamitvā ṭhito, sayamānopīti sayantopi, pādesu avahantesu urena jaṇṇukāhi ca bhūmiyaṃ saṃsaranto parivattentopi gaccheyyaṃ. Na sahāyena pāpenāti tādisena pāpapuggalena sahāyabhūtena saddhiṃ na gacchissanti yojanā. Taṃ sutvā itaro saṃvegajāto ‘‘bhāriyaṃ vata mayā sāhasikakammaṃ kata’’nti bāhā paggayha kandanto vanasaṇḍaṃ pakkhando ca ahosi. Atha therassa sīlatejena paṇḍukambalasilāsanaṃ uṇhākāraṃ dassesi. Tena sakko taṃ kāraṇaṃ ñatvā therassa santikaṃ gantvā sāvatthigāmipurisaṃ viya attānaṃ ñāpetvā yaṭṭhikoṭiṃ gaṇhanto maggaṃ saṅkhipitvā tadaheva sāyanhe sāvatthiyaṃ theraṃ netvā tattha jetavane cūḷapālitena kāritāya paṇṇasālāya phalake nisīdāpetvā tassa sahāyavaṇṇena therassa āgatabhāvaṃ jānāpetvā pakkāmi; cūḷapālitopi taṃ yāvajīvaṃ sakkaccaṃ upaṭṭhāsīti.

Ekapupphaṃ cajitvānāti āyasmato khaṇḍasumanattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? So kira padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto satthari parinibbute tassa thūpassa samantato candanavedikāya parikkhipitvā mahantaṃ pūjaṃ akāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu uḷāraṃ sampattiṃ anubhavanto kassapassa bhagavato kāle kuṭumbikakule nibbatto satthari parinibbute kanakathūpaṃ uddissa raññā pupphapūjāya kayiramānāya pupphāni alabhanto ekaṃ khaṇḍasumanapupphaṃ disvā mahatā mūlena taṃ kiṇitvā gaṇhanto cetiye pūjaṃ karonto uḷāraṃ pītisomanassaṃ uppādesi. So tena puññakammena devaloke nibbattitvā asīti vassakoṭiyo saggasukhaṃ anubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde pāvāyaṃ mallarājakule nibbatti. Tassa jātakāle gehe khaṇḍasakkharā sumanapupphāni ca uppannāni ahesuṃ. Tenassa khaṇḍasumanoti nāmamakaṃsu. So viññutaṃ patto bhagavati pāvāyaṃ cundassa ambavane viharante upasaṅkamitvā dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto nacirasseva chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 1.15.15-20) –

‘‘Padumuttaro nāma jino, lokajeṭṭho narāsabho;

Jalitvā aggikkhandhova, sambuddho parinibbuto.

‘‘Nibbute ca mahāvīre, thūpo vitthāriko ahu;

Dūratova upaṭṭhenti, dhātugehavaruttame.

‘‘Pasannacitto, sumano, akaṃ candanavedikaṃ;

Dissati thūpakhandho ca, thūpānucchaviko tadā.

‘‘Bhave nibbattamānamhi, devatte atha mānuse;

Omattaṃ me na passāmi, pubbakammassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Pañcadasakappasate, ito aṭṭha janā ahuṃ;

Sabbe samattanāmā te cakkavattī mahabbalā.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā attano purimajātiṃ anussaranto tattha attano sumanapupphapariccāgassa saggasampattinimittakaṃ nibbānūpanissayatañca disvā udānavasena tamatthaṃ pakāsento –

‘‘Ekapupphaṃ cajitvāna, asīti vassakoṭiyo;

Saggesu paricāretvā, sesakenamhi nibbuto’’ti. – gāthaṃ abhāsi;

Tattha ekapupphanti ekaṃ kusumaṃ, taṃ pana idha sumanapupphaṃ adhippetaṃ. Cajitvānāti satthu thūpapūjākaraṇavasena pariccajitvā pariccāgahetu. Asīti vassakoṭiyoti manussagaṇanāya vassānaṃ asīti koṭiyo, accantasaṃyoge cetaṃ upayogavacanaṃ, idañca chasu kāmasaggesu dutiye aparāparuppattivasena vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Tasmā saggesūti tāvatiṃsasaṅkhāte saggaloke, punappunaṃ uppajjanavasena hettha bahuvacanaṃ. Paricāretvāti rūpādīsu ārammaṇesu indriyāni paricāretvā sukhaṃ anubhavitvā, devaccharāhi vā attānaṃ paricāretvā upaṭṭhāpetvā. Sesakenamhi nibbutoti pupphapūjāya vasena pavattakusalacetanāsu bhavasampatti dāyakakammato sesena yaṃ tattha vivaṭṭūpanissayabhūtaṃ, taṃ sandhāya vadati. Bahū hi tattha pubbāparavasena pavattā cetanā. Sesakenāti vā tasseva kammassa vipākāvasesena aparikkhīṇeyeva tasmiṃ kammavipāke nibbuto amhi, kilesaparinibbānena parinibbutosmi. Etena yasmiṃ attabhāve ṭhatvā attanā arahattaṃ sacchikataṃ, sopi carimattabhāvo tassa kammavipākoti dasseti. Yādisaṃ sandhāya aññatthāpi ‘‘tasseva kammassa vipākāvasesenā’’ti (pārā. 228; saṃ. ni. 1.131) vuttaṃ.

Hitvā satapalaṃ kaṃsanti āyasmato tissattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro vipassissa bhagavato kāle yānakārakule nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto ekadivasaṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso candanakhaṇḍena phalakaṃ katvā bhagavato upanāmesi, tañca bhagavā paribhuñji. So tena puññakammena devaloke nibbattitvā aparāparaṃ puññāni katvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde roruvanagare rājakule nibbatti. So vayappatto pitari kālaṅkate rajje patiṭṭhito bimbisārarañño adiṭṭhasahāyo hutvā tassa maṇimuttāvatthādīni paṇṇākārāni pesesi. Tassa rājā bimbisāro puññavantataṃ sutvā paṭipābhataṃ pesento cittapaṭe buddhacaritaṃ suvaṇṇapaṭṭe ca paṭiccasamuppādaṃ likhāpetvā pesesi. So taṃ disvā purimabuddhesu katādhikāratāya pacchimabhavikatāya ca cittapaṭe dassentaṃ buddhacaritaṃ suvaṇṇapaṭṭake likhitaṃ paṭiccasamuppādakkamañca oloketvā pavattinivattiyo sallakkhetvā sāsanakkamaṃ hadaye ṭhapetvā sañjātasaṃvego ‘‘diṭṭho mayā bhagavato veso, sāsanakkamo ca ekapadesena ñāto, bahudukkhā kāmā bahupāyāsā, kiṃ dāni mayhaṃ gharāvāsenā’’ti rajjaṃ pahāya kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādento bhagavantaṃ uddissa pabbajitvā mattikāpattaṃ gahetvā rājā pukkusāti viya mahājanassa paridevantasseva nagarato nikkhamitvā anukkamena rājagahaṃ gantvā tattha sappasoṇḍikapabbhāre viharantaṃ bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Satthā dhammaṃ desesi. So dhammadesanaṃ sutvā vipassanāya kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā yuttappayutto viharanto vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 1.15.37-42) –

‘‘Yānakāro pure āsiṃ, dārukamme susikkhito;

Candanaṃ phalakaṃ katvā, adāsiṃ lokabandhuno.

‘‘Pabhāsati idaṃ byamhaṃ, suvaṇṇassa sunimmitaṃ;

Hatthiyānaṃ assayānaṃ, dibbayānaṃ upaṭṭhitaṃ.

‘‘Pāsādā sivikā ceva, nibbattanti yadicchakaṃ;

Akkhubbhaṃ ratanaṃ mayhaṃ, phalakassa idaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Ekanavutito kappe, phalakaṃ yamahaṃ dadiṃ;

Duggati nābhijānāmi, phalakassa idaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Sattapaññāsakappamhi, caturo nimmitāvhayā;

Sattaratanasampannā, cakkavattī mahabbalā.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā udānavasena attano paṭipattiṃ kathento –

‘‘Hitvā satapalaṃ kaṃsaṃ, sovaṇṇaṃ satarājikaṃ;

Aggahiṃ mattikāpattaṃ, idaṃ dutiyābhisecana’’nti. – gāthaṃ abhāsi;

Tattha hitvāti pariccajitvā. Satapalanti sataṃ palāni yassa, taṃ satapalaparimāṇaṃ. Kaṃsanti thālaṃ. Sovaṇṇanti suvaṇṇamayaṃ. Satarājikanti bhittivicittatāya ca anekarūparājicittatāya ca anekalekhāyuttaṃ. Aggahiṃ mattikāpattanti evarūpe mahārahe bhājane pubbe bhuñjitvā buddhānaṃ ovādaṃ karonto ‘‘idānāhaṃ taṃ chaḍḍetvā mattikāmayapattaṃ aggahesiṃ, aho, sādhu, mayā kataṃ ariyavataṃ anuṭhita’’nti bhājanakittanāpadesena rajjapariccāgaṃ pabbajjūpagamanañca anumodanto vadati. Tenāha ‘‘idaṃ dutiyābhisecana’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ rajjābhisecanaṃ upādāya idaṃ pabbajjūpagamanaṃ mama dutiyaṃ abhisecanaṃ. Tañhi rāgādīhi saṃkiliṭṭhaṃ sāsaṅkaṃ saparisaṅkaṃ kammaṃ anatthasañhitaṃ dukkhapaṭibaddhaṃ nihīnaṃ, idaṃ pana taṃvipariyāyato uttamaṃ paṇītanti adhippāyo.

Rūpaṃ disvā sati muṭṭhāti āyasmato abhayattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Sopi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ puññaṃ upacinanto sumedhassa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto ekadivasaṃ sumedhaṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā pasannacitto saḷalapupphehi pūjamakāsi. So tena puññakammena devesu nibbattitvā aparāparaṃ puññāni katvā sugatīsuyeva saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā abhayoti laddhanāmo viññutaṃ patto hetusampattiyā codiyamāno ekadivasaṃ vihāraṃ gato satthu dhammadesanaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā katapubbakicco vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto viharati. Athassa ekadivasaṃ gāmaṃ piṇḍāya paviṭṭhassa alaṅkatapaṭiyattaṃ mātugāmaṃ disvā ayonisomanasikāravasena tassa rūpaṃ ārabbha chandarāgo uppajji, so vihāraṃ pavisitvā ‘‘satiṃ vissajjitvā olokentassa rūpārammaṇe mayhaṃ kileso uppanno, ayuttaṃ mayā kata’’nti attano cittaṃ niggaṇhanto tāvadeva vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 1.15.43-47) –

‘‘Sumedho nāma nāmena, sayambhū aparājito;

Vivekamanubrūhanto, ajjhogahi mahāvanaṃ.

‘‘Saḷalaṃ pupphitaṃ disvā, ganthitvāna vaṭaṃsakaṃ;

Buddhassa abhiropesiṃ, sammukhā lokanāyakaṃ.

‘‘Tiṃsakappasahassamhi, yaṃ pupphamabhiropayiṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Ūnavīse kappasate, soḷasāsuṃ sunimmitā;

Sattaratanasampannā, cakkavattī mahabbalā.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā attano kilesuppattinidassanena ‘‘kilese anuvattentassa vaṭṭadukkhato nattheva sīsukkhipanaṃ. Ahaṃ pana te nānuvatti’’nti dassento –

‘‘Rūpaṃ disvā sati muṭṭhā, piyaṃ nimittaṃ manasikaroto;

Sārattacitto vedeti, tañca ajjhosa tiṭṭhati;

Tassa vaḍḍhanti āsavā, bhavamūlopagāmino’’ti. – gāthaṃ abhāsi;

Tattha rūpanti rajjanīyaṃ rūpāyatanaṃ, taṃ panettha itthirūpaṃ adhippetaṃ. Disvāti cakkhunā disvā, cakkhudvārānusārena nimittānubyañjanasallakkhaṇavasena taṃ gahetvā, tassa tathāgahaṇahetūti attho. Sati muṭṭhāti asubhasabhāve kāye ‘‘asubha’’ntveva pavattanasati naṭṭhā. Yathā pana rūpaṃ disvā sati naṭṭhā, taṃ dassento āha ‘‘piyaṃ nimittaṃ manasikaroto’’ti. Yathāupaṭṭhitaṃ ārammaṇaṃ ‘‘subhaṃ sukha’’ntiādinā piyanimittaṃ katvā ayonisomanasikārena manasikaroto sati muṭṭhāti yojanā. Tathā bhūtova sārattacitto vedetīti suṭṭhu rattacitto hutvā taṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ anubhavati abhinandati, abhinandanto pana tañca ajjhosa tiṭṭhati ajjhosāya taṃ ārammaṇaṃ gilitvā pariniṭṭhapetvā vattati ceva, evaṃbhūtassa ca tassa vaḍḍhanti āsavā bhavamūlopagāminoti bhavassa saṃsārassa mūlabhāvaṃ kāraṇabhāvaṃ upagamanasabhāvā kāmāsavādayo cattāropi āsavā tassa puggalassa uparūpari vaḍḍhantiyeva, na hāyanti. Mayhaṃ pana paṭisaṅkhāne ṭhatvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā saccāni paṭivijjhantassa maggapaṭipāṭiyā te cattāropi āsavā anavasesato pahīnā parikkhīṇāti adhippāyo.

Saddaṃ sutvā sati muṭṭhāti āyasmato uttiyattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ puññaṃ upacinanto sumedhassa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto ekadivasaṃ satthāraṃ disvā pasannacitto gonakādiatthataṃ sauttaracchadaṃ buddhārahaṃ pallaṅkaṃ gandhakuṭiyaṃ paññāpetvā adāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kapilavatthusmiṃ sakyarājakule nibbatti, tassa uttiyoti nāmaṃ ahosi. So vayappatto satthu ñātisamāgame buddhānubhāvaṃ disvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā samaṇadhammaṃ karonto ekadivasaṃ nāmaṃ piṇḍāya paviṭṭho antarāmagge mātugāmassa gītasaddaṃ sutvā ayonisomanasikāravasena tattha chandarāge uppanne paṭisaṅkhānabalena taṃ vikkhambhetvā vihāraṃ pavisitvā sañjātasaṃvego divāṭṭhāne nisīditvā tāvadeva vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 1.15.48-52) –

‘‘Sumedhassa bhagavato, lokajeṭṭhassa tādino;

Pallaṅko hi mayā dinno, sauttarasapacchado.

‘‘Sattaratanasampanno, pallaṅko āsi so tadā;

Mama saṅkappamaññāya, nibbattati sadā mama.

‘‘Tiṃsakappasahassamhi, pallaṅkamadadiṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, pallaṅkassa idaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Vīsakappasahassamhi, suvaṇṇābhā tayo janā;

Sattaratanasampannā, cakkavattī mahabbalā.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā attano kilesuppattinidassanena ‘‘kilese ajigucchantassa natthi vaṭṭadukkhato sīsukkhipanaṃ, ahaṃ pana te jigucchimevā’’ti dassento –

‘‘Saddaṃ sutvā sati muṭṭhā, piyaṃ nimittaṃ manasikaroto;

Sārattacitto vedeti, tañca ajjhosa tiṭṭhati;

Tassa vaḍḍhanti āsavā, saṃsāra upagāmino’’ti. – gāthaṃ abhāsi;

Tattha saddanti rajjanīyaṃ saddārammaṇaṃ, saṃsāraupagāminoti –

‘‘Khandhānañca paṭipāṭi, dhātuāyatanāna ca;

Abbocchinnaṃ vattamānā, saṃsāroti pavuccatī’’ti. –

Evaṃ vuttasaṃsāravaṭṭakāraṇaṃ hutvā upagamentīti saṃsāraupagāmino, ‘‘saṃsārūpagāmino’’ti vā pāṭho. Sesaṃ anantaragāthāya vuttanayameva.

Sammappadhānasampannoti āyasmato devasabhattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ kusalaṃ upacinanto sikhissa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto ekadivasaṃ sikhiṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso bandhujīvakapupphehi pūjaṃ akāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kapilavatthusmiṃ sakyarājakule nibbatti, tassa devasabhoti nāmaṃ ahosi. So vayappatto cumbaṭakalahavūpasamanatthaṃ satthari āgate buddhānubhāvaṃ disvā pasannamānaso saraṇesu patiṭṭhito puna nigrodhārāme satthari viharante satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā katapubbakicco vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto nacirasseva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 1.16.1-6) –

‘‘Candaṃva vimalaṃ suddhaṃ, vippasannamanāvilaṃ;

Nandībhavaparikkhīṇaṃ, tiṇṇaṃ loke visattikaṃ.

‘‘Nibbāpayantaṃ janataṃ, tiṇṇaṃ tārayataṃ varaṃ;

Muniṃ vanamhi jhāyantaṃ, ekaggaṃ susamāhitaṃ.

‘‘Bandhujīvakapupphāni, lagetvā suttakenahaṃ;

Buddhassa abhiropayiṃ, sikhino lokabandhuno.

‘‘Ekatiṃse ito kappe, yaṃ kammamakariṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Ito sattamake kappe, manujindo mahāyaso;

Samantacakkhunāmāsi, cakkavattī mahabbalo.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā attanā adhigataṃ vimuttisukhaṃ nissāya uppannapītisomanasso udānavasena –

‘‘Sammappadhānasampanno, satipaṭṭhānagocaro;

Vimuttikusumasañchanno, parinibbissatyanāsavo’’ti. – gāthaṃ abhāsi;

Tattha sammappadhānasampannoti sampannacatubbidhasammappadhāno, tehi kattabbakiccaṃ sampādetvā ṭhitoti attho. Satipaṭṭhānagocaroti kāyānupassanādayo satipaṭṭhānā gocaro pavattiṭṭhānaṃ etassāti satipaṭṭhānagocaro, catūsu satipaṭṭhānesu patiṭṭhitacittoti attho. Guṇasobhena paramasugandhā vimuttiyeva kusumāni, tehi sabbaso sammadeva sañchanno vibhūsito alaṅkatoti vimuttikusumasañchanno. Parinibbissatyanāsavoti evaṃ sammā paṭipajjanto bhikkhu nacirasseva anāsavo hutvā parinibbissati saupādisesāya anupādisesāya ca nibbānadhātuyāti attho. Idameva ca therassa aññābyākaraṇaṃ ahosi.