3. Tatiyavaggo

Khandhā mayā pariññātāti āyasmato uttarattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ kusalaṃ upacinanto ito catunavute kappe siddhatthassa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto sāsane laddhappasādo hutvā upāsakattaṃ paṭivedesi. So satthari parinibbute attano ñātake sannipātetvā bahuṃ pūjāsakkāraṃ sambharitvā dhātupūjaṃ akāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sākete brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā uttaroti laddhanāmo vayappatto kenacideva karaṇīyena sāvatthiṃ gato kaṇḍambamūle kataṃ yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ disvā pasīditvā puna kāḷakārāmasuttadesanāya (a. ni. 4.24) abhivaḍḍhamānasaddho pabbajitvā satthārā saddhiṃ rājagahaṃ gantvā upasampajjitvā tattheva vasanto vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā nacirasseva chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.49.106-110) –

‘‘Nibbute lokanāthamhi, siddhatthe lokanāyake;

Mama ñātī samānetvā, dhātupūjaṃ akāsahaṃ.

‘‘Catunnavutito kappe, yaṃ dhātumabhipūjayiṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, dhātupūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Chaḷabhiñño pana hutvā satthari sāvatthiyaṃ viharante buddhupaṭṭhānatthaṃ rājagahato sāvatthiṃ upagato bhikkhūhi ‘‘kiṃ, āvuso, pabbajjākiccaṃ tayā matthakaṃ pāpita’’nti puṭṭho aññaṃ byākaronto –

‘‘Khandhā mayā pariññātā, taṇhā me susamūhatā;

Bhāvitā mama bojjhaṅgā, patto me āsavakkhayo.

‘‘Sohaṃ khandhe pariññāya, abbahitvāna jāliniṃ;

Bhāvayitvāna bojjhaṅge, nibbāyissaṃ anāsavo’’ti. – gāthādvayaṃ abhāsi;

Tattha khandhāti pañcupādānakkhandhā. Pariññātāti ‘‘idaṃ dukkhaṃ, na ito bhiyyo’’ti paricchijja ñātā bhāvitā. Tena dukkhassa ariyasaccassa pariññābhisamayamāha. Taṇhāti tasati paritasatīti taṇhā. Susamūhatāti samugghāṭitā. Etena samudayasaccassa pahānābhisamayaṃ vadati. Bhāvitā mama bojjhaṅgāti bodhisaṅkhātāya satiādidhammasāmaggiyā, taṃsamaṅgino vā bodhisaṅkhātassa ariyapuggalassa aṅgāti bojjhaṅgā. Satidhammavicayavīriyapītipassaddhisamādhiupekkhāsaṅkhātā maggapariyāpannā dhammā mayā bhāvitā uppāditā vaḍḍhitā. Bojjhaṅgaggahaṇeneva cettha taṃsahacaritatāya sabbe maggadhammā, sabbe ca bodhipakkhiyadhammā gahitāti daṭṭhabbā. Eteneva maggasaccassa bhāvanābhisamayaṃ dasseti. Patto me āsavakkhayoti kāmāsavādayo āsavā khīyanti etthāti āsavakkhayoti laddhanāmo asaṅkhatadhammo mayā patto adhigato. Etena nirodhasaccassa sacchikiriyābhisamayaṃ katheti. Ettāvatā attano saupādisesanibbānasampattiṃ dasseti.

Idāni pana anupādisesanibbānasampattiṃ dassento ‘‘soha’’ntiādinā dutiyaṃ gāthamāha. Tassattho – sohaṃ evaṃ vuttanayena khandhe pariññāya parijānitvā, tathā parijānanto eva sakaattabhāvaparaattabhāvesu ajjhattikabāhirāyatanesu atītādibhedabhinnesu saṃsibbanākāraṃ punappunaṃ pavattisaṅkhātaṃ jālaṃ etassa atthīti jālinīti laddhanāmaṃ taṇhaṃ abbahitvāna mama cittasantānato uddharitvā, tathā naṃ uddharantoyeva vuttappabhede bojjhaṅge bhāvayitvāna te bhāvanāpāripūriṃ pāpetvā tato eva anāsavo hutvā ṭhito idāni carimakacittanirodhena anupādāno viya jātavedo nibbāyissaṃ parinibbāyissāmīti.

Panādo nāma so rājāti āyasmato bhaddajittherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayaṃ kira padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto brāhmaṇānaṃ vijjāsippesu pāraṃ gantvā kāme pahāya tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā araññāyatane assamaṃ kāretvā vasanto ekadivasaṃ satthāraṃ ākāsena gacchantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso añjaliṃ paggayha aṭṭhāsi. Satthā tassa ajjhāsayaṃ ñatvā ākāsato otari. Otiṇṇassa pana bhagavato madhuñca bhisamuḷālañca sappiñca khīrañca upanāmesi, tassa taṃ bhagavā anukampaṃ upādāya paṭiggahetvā anumodanaṃ vatvā pakkāmi. So tena puññakammena tusite nibbatto tattha yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā tato aparāparaṃ sugatīsuyeva saṃsaranto vipassissa bhagavato kāle mahaddhano seṭṭhi hutvā aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusahassaṃ bhojetvā ticīvarena acchādesi.

Evaṃ bahuṃ kusalaṃ katvā devaloke nibbattitvā tattha yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā tato cavitvā manussesu uppanno buddhasuññe loke pañca paccekabuddhasatāni catūhi paccayehi upaṭṭhahitvā tato cuto rājakule nibbattitvā rajjaṃ anusāsanto puttaṃ paccekabodhiṃ adhigantvā ṭhitaṃ upaṭṭhahitvā tassa parinibbutassa dhātuyo gahetvā cetiyaṃ katvā pūjesi. Evaṃ tattha tattha tāni puññāni katvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde bhaddiyanagare asītikoṭivibhavassa bhaddiyaseṭṭhissa ekaputtako hutvā nibbatti, bhaddajītissa nāmaṃ ahosi. Tassa kira issariyabhogaparivārādisampatti carimabhave bodhisattassa viya ahosi.

Tadā satthā sāvatthiyaṃ vassaṃ vasitvā bhaddajikumāraṃ saṅgaṇhituṃ mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ bhaddiyanagaraṃ gantvā jātiyāvane vasi tassa ñāṇaparipākaṃ āgamayamāno. Sopi upari pāsāde nisinno sīhapañjaraṃ vivaritvā olokento bhagavato santike dhammaṃ sotuṃ gacchantaṃ mahājanaṃ disvā ‘‘katthāyaṃ mahājano gacchatī’’ti pucchitvā taṃ kāraṇaṃ sutvā sayampi mahatā parivārena satthu santikaṃ gantvā dhammaṃ suṇanto sabbābharaṇapaṭimaṇḍitova sabbakilese khepetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.56.98-116) –

‘‘Oggayha yaṃ pokkharaṇiṃ, nānākuñjarasevitaṃ;

Uddharāmi bhisaṃ tattha, ghāsahetu ahaṃ tadā.

‘‘Bhagavā tamhi samaye, padumuttarasavhayo;

Rattambaradharo buddho, gacchate anilañjase.

‘‘Dhunanto paṃsukūlāni, saddaṃ assosahaṃ tadā;

Uddhaṃ nijjhāyamānohaṃ, addasaṃ lokanāyakaṃ.

‘‘Tattheva ṭhitako santo, āyāciṃ lokanāyakaṃ;

Madhuṃ bhisehi sahitaṃ, khīraṃ sappiṃ muḷālikaṃ.

‘‘Paṭiggaṇhātu me buddho, anukampāya cakkhumā;

Tato kāruṇiko satthā, orohitvā mahāyaso.

‘‘Paṭiggaṇhi mamaṃ bhikkhaṃ, anukampāya cakkhumā;

Paṭiggahetvā sambuddho, akā me anumodanaṃ.

‘‘Sukhī hotu mahāpuñña, gati tuyhaṃ samijjhatu;

Iminā bhisadānena, labhassu vipulaṃ sukhaṃ.

‘‘Idaṃ vatvāna sambuddho, jalajuttamanāmako;

Bhikkhamādāya sambuddho, ākāsenāgamā jino.

‘‘Tato bhisaṃ gahetvāna, āgacchiṃ mama assamaṃ;

Bhisaṃ rukkhe laggetvāna, mama dānaṃ anussariṃ.

‘‘Mahāvāto uṭṭhahitvā, sañcālesi vanaṃ tadā;

Ākāso abhinādittha, asanī ca phalī tadā.

‘‘Tato me asanīpāto, matthake nipatī tadā;

Sohaṃ nisinnako santo, tattha kālaṅkato ahaṃ.

‘‘Puññakammena saññutto, tusitaṃ upapajjahaṃ;

Kaḷevaraṃ me patitaṃ, devaloke ramāmahaṃ.

‘‘Chaḷasītisahassāni, nāriyo samalaṅkatā;

Sāyaṃ pātaṃ upaṭṭhanti, bhisadānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Manussayonimāgantvā, sukhito homahaṃ tadā;

Bhoge me ūnatā natthi, bhisadānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Anukampitako tena, devadevena tādinā;

Sabbāsavā parikkhīṇā, natthi dāni punabbhavo.

‘‘Satasahassito kappe, yaṃ bhisaṃ adadiṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, bhisadānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahatte pana tena adhigate satthā bhaddiyaseṭṭhiṃ āmantesi – ‘‘tava putto alaṅkatapaṭiyatto dhammaṃ suṇanto arahatte patiṭṭhāsi, tenassa idāneva pabbajituṃ yuttaṃ, no ce pabbajati, parinibbāyissatī’’ti. Seṭṭhi ‘‘na mayhaṃ puttassa daharasseva sato parinibbānena kiccaṃ atthi, pabbājetha na’’nti āha. Taṃ satthā pabbājetvā upasampādetvā tattha sattāhaṃ vasitvā koṭigāmaṃ pāpuṇi, so ca gāmo gaṅgātīre. Koṭigāmavāsino buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa mahādānaṃ pavattesuṃ. Bhaddajitthero satthārā anumodanāya āraddhamattāya bahigāmaṃ gantvā ‘‘gaṅgātīre maggasamīpe satthu āgatakāle vuṭṭhahissāmī’’ti samāpattiṃ samāpajjitvā nisīdi. Mahātheresu āgacchantesupi avuṭṭhahitvā satthu āgatakāleyeva vuṭṭhahi. Puthujjanabhikkhū, ‘‘ayaṃ adhunā pabbajito mahātheresu āgacchantesu mānatthaddho hutvā na vuṭṭhāsī’’ti ujjhāyiṃsu. Koṭigāmavāsino satthu bhikkhusaṅghassa ca bahū nāvāsaṅghāṭe bandhiṃsu, satthā ‘‘handassa ānubhāvaṃ pakāsemī’’ti nāvāsaṅghāṭe ṭhatvā, ‘‘kahaṃ, bhaddajī’’ti pucchi. Bhaddajitthero ‘‘esohaṃ, bhante’’ti satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā añjaliṃ katvā aṭṭhāsi. Satthā, ‘‘ehi, bhaddaji, amhehi saddhiṃ ekanāvaṃ abhiruhā’’ti. So uppatitvā satthu ṭhitanāvāyaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Satthā gaṅgāmajjhaṃ gatakāle, ‘‘bhaddaji, tayā mahāpanādarājakāle ajjhāvuṭṭharatanapāsādo kaha’’nti āha. ‘‘Imasmiṃ ṭhāne nimuggo’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhaddaji, sabrahmacārīnaṃ kaṅkhaṃ chindā’’ti. Tasmiṃ khaṇe thero satthāraṃ vanditvā iddhibalena gantvā pāsādathūpikaṃ pādaṅgulantarena sannirumbhitvā pañcavīsatiyojanaṃ pāsādaṃ gahetvā ākāse uppati, uppatanto ca paññāsa yojanāni pāsādaṃ udakato ukkhipi. Athassa purimabhave ñātakā pāsādagatena lobhena macchakacchapamaṇḍūkā hutvā tasmiṃ pāsāde uṭṭhahante parivattitvā udake patiṃsu. Satthā te patante disvā ‘‘ñātakā te, bhaddaji, kilamantī’’ti āha. Thero satthu vacanena pāsādaṃ vissajjesi. Pāsādo yathāṭhāne eva patiṭṭhahi. Satthā pāraṅgato bhikkhūhi ‘‘kadā, bhante, bhaddajittherena ayaṃ pāsādo ajjhāvuṭṭho’’ti puṭṭho mahāpanādajātakaṃ (jā. 1.3.40-41) kathetvā mahājanaṃ dhammāmataṃ pāyesi. Thero pana attano ajjhāvuṭṭhapubbaṃ suvaṇṇapāsādaṃ dassetvā –

‘‘Panādo nāma so rājā, yassa yūpo suvaṇṇayo;

Tiriyaṃ soḷasubbedho, ubbhamāhu sahassadhā.

‘‘Sahassakaṇḍo satageṇḍu, dhajālu haritāmayo;

Anaccuṃ tattha gandhabbā, cha sahassāni sattadhā’’ti. –

Dvīhi gāthāhi vaṇṇento aññaṃ byākāsi.

Tattha panādo nāma so rājāti atīte panādo nāma so rājā ahosīti attabhāvaantarahitatāya attānaṃ paraṃ viya niddisati. So eva hi rajje ṭhitakālato paṭṭhāya sadā ussāhasampattiādinā mahatā rājānubhāvena mahatā ca kittisaddena samannāgatattā ‘‘rājā mahāpanādo’’ti paññāyittha. Yassa yūpo suvaṇṇayoti yassa rañño ayaṃ yūpo pāsādo suvaṇṇamayo. Tiriyaṃ soḷasubbedhoti vitthārato soḷasakaṇḍapātappamāṇo. So pana aḍḍhayojanamatto hoti. Ubbhāmāhu sahassadhāti ubbhaṃ uccaṃ evamassa pāsādassa sahassadhā sahassakaṇḍappamāṇamāhu. So pana yojanato pañcavīsatiyojanappamāṇo hoti. Keci panettha gāthāsukhatthaṃ ‘‘āhū’’ti dīghaṃ kataṃ. Āhu ahosīti atthaṃ vadanti.

Sahassakaṇḍoti sahassabhūmiko. Satageṇḍūti anekasataniyyūhako. Dhajālūti tattha tattha niyyūhasikharādīsu patiṭṭhāpitehi yaṭṭhidhajapaṭākadhajādidhajehi sampanno. Haritāmayoti cāmīkarasuvaṇṇamayo. Keci pana ‘‘haritajātimaṇisarikkhako’’ti vadanti. Gandhabbāti naṭā. Cha sahassāni sattadhāti chamattāni gandhabbasahassāni sattadhā tassa pāsādassa sattasu ṭhānesu rañño abhiramāpanatthaṃ nacciṃsūti attho. Te evaṃ naccantāpi rājānaṃ hāsetuṃ nāsakkhiṃsu. Atha sakko devarājā devanaṭe pesetvā samajjaṃ kāresi, tadā rājā hasīti.

Satimā paññavāti āyasmato sobhitattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle haṃsavatīnagare kulagehe nibbattitvā vayappatto satthu dhammadesanaṃ suṇanto satthāraṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ pubbenivāsañāṇalābhīnaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā sayampi taṃ ṭhānantaraṃ uddissa patthanaṃ katvā puññāni katvā sugatīsuyeva saṃsaranto sumedhassa bhagavato kāle brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto brāhmaṇānaṃ vijjāsippesu nipphattiṃ gantvā nekkhammādhimutto gharāvāsaṃ pahāya tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā himavantassa samīpe araññāyatane assamaṃ kāretvā vanamūlaphalāphalena yāpento buddhuppādaṃ sutvā sabbattha ekarattivāseneva bhaddavatīnagare satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā pasannamānaso ‘‘tuvaṃ satthā ca ketu cā’’tiādīhi chahi gāthāhi abhitthavi, satthā cassa bhāviniṃ sampattiṃ pakāsesi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ brāhmaṇakule nibbatti. Sobhitotissa nāmaṃ akaṃsu. So aparena samayena satthu dhammadesanaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Pubbenivāsañāṇe ciṇṇavasī ca ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.49.46-74) –

‘‘Dakkhiṇe himavantassa, sukato assamo mama;

Uttamatthaṃ gavesanto, vasāmi vipine tadā.

‘‘Lābhālābhena santuṭṭho, mūlena ca phalena ca;

Anvesanto ācariyaṃ, vasāmi ekako ahaṃ.

‘‘Sumedho nāma sambuddho, loke uppajji tāvade;

Catusaccaṃ pakāseti, uddharanto mahājanaṃ.

‘‘Nāhaṃ suṇomi sambuddhaṃ, napi me koci saṃsati;

Aṭṭhavasse atikkante, assosiṃ lokanāyakaṃ.

‘‘Aggidāruṃ nīharitvā, sammajjitvāna assamaṃ;

Khāribhāraṃ gahetvāna, nikkhamiṃ vipinā ahaṃ.

‘‘Ekarattiṃ vasantohaṃ, gāmesu nigamesu ca;

Anupubbena candavatiṃ, tadāhaṃ upasaṅkamiṃ.

‘‘Bhagavā tamhi samaye, sumedho lokanāyako;

Uddharanto bahū satte, deseti amataṃ padaṃ.

‘‘Janakāyamatikkamma, vanditvā jinasāgaraṃ;

Ekaṃsaṃ ajinaṃ katvā, santhaviṃ lokanāyakaṃ.

‘‘Tuvaṃ satthā ca ketu ca, dhajo yūpo ca pāṇinaṃ;

Parāyano patiṭṭhā ca, dīpo ca dvipaduttamo.

‘‘Nepuñño dassane vīro, tāresi janataṃ tuvaṃ;

Natthañño tārako loke, tavuttaritaro mune.

‘‘Sakkā theve kusaggena, pametuṃ sāgaruttame;

Na tveva tava sabbaññu, ñāṇaṃ sakkā pametave.

‘‘Tuladaṇḍe ṭhapetvāna, mahiṃ sakkā dharetave;

Natveva tava paññāya, pamāṇamatthi cakkhuma.

‘‘Ākāso minituṃ sakkā, rajjuyā aṅgulena vā;

Natveva tava sabbaññu, sīlaṃ sakkā pametave.

‘‘Mahāsamudde udakaṃ, ākāso ca vasundharā;

Parimeyyāni etāni, appameyyosi cakkhuma.

‘‘Chahi gāthāhi sabbaññuṃ, kittayitvā mahāyasaṃ;

Añjaliṃ paggahetvāna, tuṇhī aṭṭhāsahaṃ tadā.

‘‘Yaṃ vadanti sumedhoti, bhūripaññaṃ sumedhasaṃ;

Bhikkhusaṅghe nisīditvā, imā gāthā abhāsatha.

‘‘Yo me ñāṇaṃ pakittesi, vippasannena cetasā;

Tamahaṃ kittayissāmi, suṇātha mama bhāsato.

‘‘Sattasattati kappāni, devaloke ramissati;

Sahassakkhattuṃ devindo, devarajjaṃ karissati.

‘‘Anekasatakkhattuñca, cakkavattī bhavissati;

Padesarajjaṃ vipulaṃ, gaṇanāto asaṅkhiyaṃ.

‘‘Devabhūto manusso vā, puññakammasamāhito;

Anūnamanasaṅkappo, tikkhapañño bhavissati.

‘‘Tiṃsakappasahassamhi, okkākakulasambhavo;

Gotamo nāma gottena, satthā loke bhavissati.

‘‘Agārā abhinikkhamma, pabbajissatikiñcano;

Jātiyā sattavassena, arahattaṃ phusissati.

‘‘Yato sarāmi attānaṃ, yato pattosmi sāsanaṃ;

Etthantare na jānāmi, cetanaṃ amanoramaṃ.

‘‘Saṃsaritvā bhave sabbe, sampattānubhaviṃ ahaṃ;

Bhoge me ūnatā natthi, phalaṃ ñāṇassa thomane.

‘‘Tiyaggī nibbutā mayhaṃ, bhavā sabbe samūhatā;

Sabbāsavā parikkhīṇā, natthi dāni punabbhavo.

‘‘Tiṃsakappasahassamhi, yaṃ ñāṇamathaviṃ ahaṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, phalaṃ ñāṇassa thomane.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

So arahattaṃ pana patvā attano pubbenivāsaṃ anupaṭipāṭiyā anussaranto yāva asaññabhave acittakapaṭisandhi, tāva addasa. Tato pañca kappasatāni cittappavattiṃ adisvā avasāneva disvā ‘‘kimeta’’nti āvajjento nayavasena ‘‘asaññabhavo bhavissatī’’ti niṭṭhaṃ agamāsi. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, asaññasattā nāma dīghāyukā devā, tato cuto sobhito idhūpapanno, so etaṃ bhavaṃ jānāti, sobhito anussaratī’’ti (pārā. 232 atthato samānaṃ). Evaṃ nayavasena anussarantassa anussaraṇakosallaṃ disvā satthā theraṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarantānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesi. Tato eva cāyaṃ āyasmā savisesaṃ attano pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ tassa ca paccayabhūtaṃ paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā somanassajāto tadatthadīpanaṃ udānaṃ udānento –

‘‘Satimā paññavā bhikkhu, āraddhabalavīriyo;

Pañca kappasatānāhaṃ, ekarattiṃ anussariṃ.

‘‘Cattāro satipaṭṭhāne, satta aṭṭha ca bhāvayaṃ;

Pañca kappasatānāhaṃ, ekarattiṃ anussari’’nti. – gāthādvayaṃ abhāsi;

Tattha satimāti sayaṃ samudāgamanasampannāya satipaṭṭhānabhāvanāpāripūriyā sativepullappattiyā ca satimā. Paññavāti chaḷabhiññāpāripūriyā paññāvepullappattiyā ca paññavā. Bhinnakilesatāya bhikkhu. Saddhādibalānañceva catubbidhasammappadhānavīriyassa ca saṃsiddhipāripūriyā āraddhabalavīriyo. Saddhādīnañhettha balaggahaṇena gahaṇaṃ satipi satiādīnaṃ balabhāve, yathā ‘‘gobalibaddhā puññañāṇasambhārā’’ti. Pañca kappasatānāhaṃ, ekarattiṃ anussarinti ekarattiṃ viya anussariṃ. Viya-saddo hi idha luttaniddiṭṭho, etena pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇe attano ñāṇavasībhāvaṃ dīpeti.

Idāni yāya paṭipattiyā attano satimantādibhāvo sātisayaṃ pubbenivāsañāṇañca siddhaṃ, taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘cattāro’’tiādinā dutiyaṃ gāthamāha. Tattha cattāro satipaṭṭhāneti kāyānupassanādike attano visayabhedena catubbidhe lokiyalokuttaramissake satisaṅkhāte satipaṭṭhāne. Sattāti satta bojjhaṅge. Aṭṭhāti aṭṭha maggaṅgāni. Satipaṭṭhānesu hi suppatiṭṭhitacittassa satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gatā eva honti, tathā ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo. Tenāha dhammasenāpati – ‘‘catūsu satipaṭṭhānesu suppatiṭṭhitacittā satta bojjhaṅge yathābhūtaṃ bhāvetvā’’tiādīhi (dī. ni. 3.143) sattakoṭṭhāsikesu sattatiṃsāya bodhipakkhiyadhammesu ekasmiṃ koṭṭhāse bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchante itare agacchantā nāma natthīti. Bhāvayanti bhāvanāhetu. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.

Yaṃ kiccaṃ daḷhavīriyenātiādikā āyasmato valliyattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto sumedhassa bhagavato kāle brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto vijjāsippesu nipphattiṃ gato asītikoṭivibhavaṃ pahāya tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā pabbatapāde araññāyatane ekissā nadiyā tīre assamaṃ kāretvā viharanto attano anuggaṇhanatthaṃ upagataṃ satthāraṃ disvā pasannamānaso ajinacammaṃ pattharitvā adāsi. Tattha nisinnaṃ bhagavantaṃ pupphehi ca candanena ca pūjetvā ambaphalāni datvā pañcapatiṭṭhitena vandi. Tassa bhagavā nisinnāsanasampattiṃ pakāsento anumodanaṃ vatvā pakkāmi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde vesāliyaṃ brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā ‘‘kaṇhamitto’’ti laddhanāmo vayappatto satthu vesāligamane buddhānubhāvaṃ disvā paṭiladdhasaddho mahākaccānattherassa santike pabbaji. So mandapañño dandhaparakkamo ca hutvā ciraṃ kālaṃ viññuṃ sabrahmacāriṃ nissāyeva vasati. Bhikkhū ‘‘yathā nāma valli rukkhādīsu kiñci anissāya vaḍḍhituṃ na sakkoti, evamayampi kañci paṇḍitaṃ anissāya vaḍḍhituṃ na sakkotī’’ti valliyotveva samudācariṃsu. Aparabhāge pana veṇudattattheraṃ upasaṅkamitvā tassa ovāde ṭhatvā sato sampajāno hutvā viharanto ñāṇassa paripākaṃ gatattā paṭipattikkamaṃ theraṃ pucchanto –

‘‘Yaṃ kiccaṃ daḷhavīriyena, yaṃ kiccaṃ boddhumicchatā;

Karissaṃ nāvarajjhissaṃ, passa vīriyaṃ parakkamaṃ.

‘‘Tvañca me maggamakkhāhi, añjasaṃ amatogadhaṃ;

Ahaṃ monena monissaṃ, gaṅgāsotova sāgara’’nti. – gāthādvayaṃ abhāsi;

Tattha yaṃ kiccaṃ daḷhavīriyenāti daḷhena vīriyena thirena parakkamena, daḷhavīriyena vā purisadhorayhena yaṃ kiccaṃ kātabbaṃ paṭipajjitabbaṃ. Yaṃ kiccaṃ boddhumicchatāti cattāri ariyasaccāni nibbānameva vā boddhuṃ bujjhituṃ icchantena paṭivijjhitukāmena yaṃ kiccaṃ karaṇīyaṃ. Karissaṃ nāvarajjhissanti tamahaṃ dāni karissaṃ na virādhessaṃ, yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjissāmi. Passa vīriyaṃ parakkamanti yathā paṭipajjamāne dhamme vidhinā īraṇato ‘‘vīriyaṃ’’, paraṃ paraṃ ṭhānaṃ akkamanato ‘‘parakkamo’’ti ca laddhanāmaṃ sammāvāyāmaṃ passa na saddhamevāti attano kattukāmataṃ dasseti.

Tvañcāti kammaṭṭhānadāyakaṃ kalyāṇamittaṃ ālapati. Meti mayhaṃ. Maggamakkhāhīti ariyamaggaṃ kathehi, lokuttaramaggasampāpakaṃ catusaccakammaṭṭhānaṃ kathehīti attho. Añjasanti ujukaṃ majjhimapaṭipadābhāvena antadvayassa anupagamanato. Amate nibbāne sampāpakabhāvena patiṭṭhitattā amatogadhaṃ. Monenāti ñāṇena maggapaññāya. Monissanti jānissaṃ nibbānaṃ paṭivijjhissaṃ pāpuṇissaṃ. Gaṅgāsotova sāgaranti yathā gaṅgāya soto sāgaraṃ samuddaṃ avirajjhanto ekaṃsato ogāhati, evaṃ ‘‘ahaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ anuyuñjanto maggañāṇena nibbānaṃ adhigamissāmi, tasmā taṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ me ācikkhathā’’ti theraṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ yāci.

Taṃ sutvā veṇudattatthero tassa kammaṭṭhānaṃ adāsi. Sopi kammaṭṭhānaṃ anuyuñjanto nacirasseva vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.49.75-105) –

‘‘Pañca kāmaguṇe hitvā, piyarūpe manorame;

Asīti koṭiyo hitvā, pabbajiṃ anagāriyaṃ.

‘‘Pabbajitvāna kāyena, pāpakammaṃ vivajjayiṃ;

Vacīduccaritaṃ hitvā, nadīkūle vasāmahaṃ.

‘‘Ekakaṃ maṃ viharantaṃ, buddhaseṭṭho upāgami;

Nāhaṃ jānāmi buddhoti, akāsiṃ paṭisanthāraṃ.

‘‘Karitvā paṭisanthāraṃ, nāmagottamapucchahaṃ;

Devatānusi gandhabbo, adu sakko purindado.

‘‘Ko vā tvaṃ kassa vā putto, mahābrahmā idhāgato;

Virocesi disā sabbā, udayaṃ sūriyo yathā.

‘‘Sahassārāni cakkāni, pāde dissanti mārisa;

Ko vā tvaṃ kassa vā putto, kathaṃ jānemu taṃ mayaṃ.

‘‘Nāmagottaṃ pavedehi, saṃsayaṃ apanehi me;

Namhi devā na gandhabbo, namhi sakko purindado.

‘‘Brahmabhāvo ca me natthi, etesaṃ uttamo ahaṃ;

Atīto visayaṃ tesaṃ, dālayiṃ kāmabandhanaṃ.

‘‘Sabbe kilese jhāpetvā, patto sambodhimuttamaṃ;

Tassa vācaṃ suṇitvāhaṃ, idaṃ vacanamabraviṃ.

‘‘Yadi buddhosi sabbaññū, nisīda tvaṃ mahāmune;

Tamahaṃ pūjayissāmi, dukkhassantakaro tuvaṃ.

‘‘Pattharitvājinacammaṃ, adāsi satthuno ahaṃ;

Nisīdi tattha bhagavā, sīhova girigabbhare.

‘‘Khippaṃ pabbatamāruyha, ambassa phalamaggahiṃ;

Sālakalyāṇikaṃ pupphaṃ, candanañca mahārahaṃ.

‘‘Khippaṃ paggayha taṃ sabbaṃ, upetvā lokanāyakaṃ;

Phalaṃ buddhassa datvāna, sālapupphamapūjayiṃ.

‘‘Candanaṃ anulimpitvā, avandiṃ satthuno ahaṃ;

Pasannacitto sumano, vipulāya ca pītiyā.

‘‘Ajinamhi nisīditvā, sumedho lokanāyako;

Mama kammaṃ pakittesi, hāsayanto mamaṃ tadā.

‘‘Iminā phaladānena, gandhamālehi cūbhayaṃ;

Pañcavīse kappasate, devaloke ramissati.

‘‘Anūnamanasaṅkappo, vasavattī bhavissati;

Chabbīsatikappasate, manussattaṃ gamissati.

‘‘Bhavissati cakkavattī, cāturanto mahiddhiko;

Vebhāraṃ nāma nagaraṃ, vissakammena māpitaṃ.

‘‘Hessati sabbasovaṇṇaṃ, nānāratanabhūsitaṃ;

Eteneva upāyena, saṃsarissati so bhave.

‘‘Sabbattha pūjito hutvā, devatte atha mānuse;

Pacchime bhave sampatte, brahmabandhu bhavissati.

‘‘Agārā abhinikkhamma, anagārī bhavissati;

Abhiññāpāragū hutvā, nibbāyissatināsavo.

‘‘Idaṃ vatvāna sambuddho, sumedho lokanāyako;

Mama nijjhāyamānassa, pakkāmi anilañjase.

‘‘Tena kammena sukatena, cetanāpaṇidhīhi ca;

Jahitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ, tāvatiṃsamagacchahaṃ.

‘‘Tusitato cavitvāna, nibbattiṃ mātukucchiyaṃ;

Bhoge me ūnatā natthi, yamhi gabbhe vasāmahaṃ.

‘‘Mātukucchigate mayi, annapānañca bhojanaṃ;

Mātuyā mama chandena, nibbattati yadicchakaṃ.

‘‘Jātiyā pañcavassena, pabbajiṃ anagāriyaṃ;

Oropitamhi kesamhi, arahattamapāpuṇiṃ.

‘‘Pubbakammaṃ gavesanto, orena nāddasaṃ ahaṃ;

Tiṃsakappasahassamhi, mama kammamanussariṃ.

‘‘Namo te purisājañña, namo te purisuttama;

Tava sāsanamāgamma, pattomhi acalaṃ padaṃ.

‘‘Tiṃsakappasahassamhi, yaṃ buddhamabhipūjayiṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā aññaṃ byākaronto thero imāyeva gāthā abhāsīti.

Kese me olikhissantītiādikā āyasmato vītasokattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto siddhatthassa bhagavato kāle brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā brāhmaṇānaṃ vijjāsippesu nipphattiṃ gato kāme pahāya isipabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā mahatā isigaṇena parivuto araññe vasanto buddhuppādaṃ sutvā haṭṭhatuṭṭho ‘‘udumbarapupphasadisā dullabhadassanā buddhā bhagavanto, idāneva upagantabbā’’ti mahatiyā parisāya saddhiṃ satthāraṃ daṭṭhuṃ gacchanto diyaḍḍhayojane sese byādhiko hutvā buddhagatāya saññāya kālaṅkato devesu uppajjitvā aparāparaṃ devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde aṭṭhārasavassādhikānaṃ dvinnaṃ vassasatānaṃ matthake dhammāsokarañño kaniṭṭhabhātā hutvā nibbatti, tassa vītasokoti nāma ahosi. So vayappatto khattiyakumārehi sikkhitabbavijjāsippesu nipphattiṃ gato giridattattheraṃ nissāya gihibhūto suttantapiṭake abhidhammapiṭake ca visārado hutvā ekadivasaṃ massukammasamaye kappakassa hatthato ādāsaṃ gahetvā kāyaṃ olokento valitapalitādīni disvā sañjātasaṃvego vipassanāya cittaṃ otāretvā bhāvanaṃ ussukkāpetvā tasmiṃyeva āsane sotāpanno hutvā giridattattherassa santike pabbajitvā nacirasseva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.49.9-26) –

‘‘Ajjhāyako mantadharo, tiṇṇaṃ vedāna pāragū;

Lakkhaṇe itihāse ca, sanighaṇḍusakeṭubhe.

‘‘Nadīsotapaṭibhāgā, sissā āyanti me tadā;

Tesāhaṃ mante vācemi, rattindivamatandito.

‘‘Siddhattho nāma sambuddho, loke uppajji tāvade;

Tamandhakāraṃ nāsetvā, ñāṇālokaṃ pavattayi.

‘‘Mama aññataro sisso, sissānaṃ so kathesi me;

Sutvāna te etamatthaṃ, ārocesuṃ mamaṃ tadā.

‘‘Buddho loke samuppanno, sabbaññū lokanāyako;

Tassānuvattati jano, lābho amhaṃ na vijjati.

‘‘Adhiccuppattikā buddhā, cakkhumanto mahāyasā;

Yaṃnūnāhaṃ buddhaseṭṭhaṃ, passeyyaṃ lokanāyakaṃ.

‘‘Ajinaṃ me gahetvāna, vākacīraṃ kamaṇḍaluṃ;

Assamā abhinikkhamma, sisse āmantayiṃ ahaṃ.

‘‘Odumbarikapupphaṃva, candamhi sasakaṃ yathā;

Vāyasānaṃ yathā khīraṃ, dullabho lokanāyako.

‘‘Buddho lokamhi uppanno, manussattampi dullabhaṃ;

Ubhosu vijjamānesu, savanañca sudullabhaṃ.

‘‘Buddho loke samuppanno, cakkhuṃ lacchāma no bhavaṃ;

Etha sabbe gamissāma, sammāsambuddhasantikaṃ.

‘‘Kamaṇḍaludharā sabbe, kharājinanivāsino;

Te jaṭābhārabharitā, nikkhamuṃ vipinā tadā.

‘‘Yugamattaṃ pekkhamānā, uttamatthaṃ gavesino;

Āsattidosarahitā, asambhītāva kesarī.

‘‘Appakiccā aloluppā, nipakā santavuttino;

Uñchāya caramānā te, buddhaseṭṭhamupāgamuṃ.

‘‘Diyaḍḍhayojane sese, byādhi me upapajjatha;

Buddhaseṭṭhaṃ saritvāna, tattha kālaṅkato ahaṃ.

‘‘Catunnavutito kappe, yaṃ saññamalabhiṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, buddhasaññāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā aññaṃ byākaronto –

‘‘Kese me olikhissanti, kappako upasaṅkami;

Tato ādāsamādāya, sarīraṃ paccavekkhisaṃ.

‘‘Tuccho kāyo adissittha, andhakāre tamo byagā;

Sabbe coḷā samucchinnā, natthi dāni punabbhavo’’ti. – gāthādvayaṃ abhāsi;

Tattha kese me olikhissanti, kappako upasaṅkamīti gihikāle massukammasamaye ‘‘mama kese olikhissaṃ kappemī’’ti kesādīnaṃ chedanādivasena kappanato kappako nhāpito maṃ upagacchi. Tatoti kappakato. Sarīraṃ paccavekkhisanti sabbakāyike ādāse palitavalitamukhanimittādidassanamukhena ‘‘abhibhūto vata jarāya me kāyo’’ti jarābhibhūtaṃ attano sarīraṃ paccavekkhiṃ. Evaṃ paccavekkhato ca tuccho kāyo adissittha niccadhuvasukhasabhāvādīhi ritto hutvā me kāyo adissatha paññāyi. Kasmā? Andhakāre tamo byagā yena ayonisomanasikārasaṅkhātena tamasā attano kāye andhagatā vijjamānampi asubhādisabhāvaṃ apassantā avijjamānaṃ subhādiākāraṃ gaṇhanti, tasmiṃ andhakāre andhakaraṇaṭṭhāne kāye yonisomanasikārasaṅkhātena ñāṇālokena avijjātamo vigato, tato eva sabbe coḷā samucchinnā corā viya kusalabhaṇḍacchedanato, sādhūhi alātabbato asaṅgahetabbato saṅkārakūṭādīsu chaḍḍitapilotikakhaṇḍaṃ viya issarajanena ariyajanena jigucchitabbatāya coḷā viyāti vā ‘‘coḷā’’ti laddhanāmā kilesā samucchinnā. Aggamaggena samugghāṭitattā eva ca nesaṃ natthi dāni punabbhavo āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti natthīti.

Pañca nīvaraṇe hitvātiādikā āyasmato puṇṇamāsattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto tissassa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto ekadivasaṃ satthari araññe viharante paṃsukūlacīvaraṃ dumasākhāya laggetvā gandhakuṭiṃ paviṭṭhe dhanuhattho gahanaṃ paviṭṭho satthu paṃsukūlaṃ disvā pasannamānaso dhanuṃ nikkhipitvā buddhaguṇe anussaritvā paṃsukūlaṃ vandi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ kuṭumbiyakule nibbatti. Tassa kira jātadivase tasmiṃ gehe sabbabhājanāni suvaṇṇaratanamayehi māsehi paripuṇṇāneva ahesuṃ. Tenassa puṇṇamāsotveva nāmaṃ akaṃsu. So vayappatto dārapariggahaṃ katvā ekasmiṃ putte uppanne gharāvāsaṃ pahāya pabbajitvā gāmakāvāse vasanto ghaṭento vāyamanto chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.49.1-8) –

‘‘Tisso nāmāsi bhagavā, sayambhū aggapuggalo;

Paṃsukūlaṃ ṭhapetvāna, vihāraṃ pāvisī jino.

‘‘Vinataṃ dhanumādāya, bhakkhatthāya cariṃ ahaṃ;

Maṇḍalaggaṃ gahetvāna, kānanaṃ pāvisiṃ ahaṃ.

‘‘Tatthaddasaṃ paṃsukūlaṃ, dumagge laggitaṃ tadā;

Cāpaṃ tattheva nikkhippa, sire katvāna añjaliṃ.

‘‘Pasannacitto sumano, vipulāya ca pītiyā;

Buddhaseṭṭhaṃ saritvāna, paṃsukūlaṃ avandahaṃ.

‘‘Dvenavute ito kappe, paṃsukūlamavandahaṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, vandanāya idaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Chaḷabhiñño pana hutvā sāvatthiṃ upagantvā satthāraṃ vanditvā susāne vasati, tassa ca acirāgatasseva sato putto kālamakāsi. Dārakamātā therassa āgatabhāvaṃ sutvā, ‘‘mā idaṃ aputtakaṃ sāpateyyaṃ rājāno hareyyu’’nti taṃ uppabbājetukāmā mahatā parivārena therassa santikaṃ gantvā paṭisanthāraṃ katvā palobhetuṃ ārabhi. Thero attano vītarāgabhāvajānāpanatthaṃ ākāse ṭhatvā attano paṭipattikittanamukhena tassā dhammaṃ desento –

‘‘Pañca nīvaraṇe hitvā, yogakkhemassa pattiyā;

Dhammādāsaṃ gahetvāna, ñāṇadassanamattano.

‘‘Paccavekkhiṃ imaṃ kāyaṃ, sabbaṃ santarabāhiraṃ;

Ajjhattañca bahiddhā ca, tuccho kāyo adissathā’’ti. –

Gāthādvayaṃ abhāsi.

Tattha pañca nīvaraṇe hitvāti kāmacchandādike pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya jhānādhigamena viddhaṃsetvā. Yogakkhemassa pattiyāti kāmayogādīhi catūhi yogehi khemassa anupaddutassa nibbānassa adhigamāya. Dhammādāsanti dhammabhūtaṃ ādāsaṃ. Yathā hi ādāso olokentassa rūpakāye guṇāguṇaṃ ādaṃseti, evaṃ vipassanāsaṅkhāto dhammānaṃ sāmaññavisesāvabodhanato ñāṇadassanabhūto dhammādāso vipassantassa vodānasaṃkilesadhammavibhāvanena tappahānasādhanena ca visesato nāmakāye guṇaṃ ādaṃseti. Tenāha –

‘‘Dhammādāsaṃ gahetvāna, ñāṇadassanamattano;

Paccavekkhiṃ imaṃ kāyaṃ, sabbaṃ santarabāhira’’nti. –

Imaṃ kāyaṃ dhammasamūhaṃ mama attabhāvaṃ ajjhattikabāhirāyatanabhāvato santarabāhiraṃ sabbaṃ anavasesaṃ dhammādāsaṃ gahetvā ‘‘anicca’’ntipi ‘‘dukkha’’ntipi ‘‘anattā’’tipi patiavekkhiṃ ñāṇacakkhunā passiṃ. Evaṃ passatā ca mayā ajjhattañca bahiddhā cāti attano santāne parasantāne ca tuccho kāyo adissatha niccasārādivirahito tuccho khandhapañcakasaṅkhāto attabhāvakāyo ñāṇacakkhunā yāthāvato apassittha. Sakalampi hi khandhapañcakaṃ ‘‘avijjānivutassa, bhikkhave, bālassa taṇhāsaṃyuttassa evamayaṃ kāyo samudāgato’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 2.19) ‘‘kāyo’’ti vuccati. ‘‘Adissathā’’ti ca iminā yadeva kāye daṭṭhabbaṃ, taṃ diṭṭhaṃ, na dānissa kiñci mayā passitabbaṃ atthīti katakiccataṃ dassento aññaṃ byākāsi. Evaṃ thero imāhi gāthāhi purāṇadutiyikāya dhammaṃ desetvā taṃ saraṇesu ca sīlesu ca sampatiṭṭhāpetvā uyyojesi.

Yathāpi bhaddo ājaññoti āyasmato nandakattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni karonto sikhissa bhagavato kāle paccantadese uppajjitvā viññutaṃ patto vanacāriko hutvā vicaranto ekadivasaṃ satthu caṅkamanaṭṭhānaṃ disvā pasannacitto vālukā okiri. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde campāyaṃ gahapatikule nibbatti, tassa nandakoti nāmaṃ akaṃsu. Jeṭṭhakabhātā panassa bharato nāma. Tassa pubbayogo anantaravatthusmiṃ āvibhavissati. Te ubhopi viññutaṃ patvā āyasmantaṃ soṇaṃ koḷivisaṃ pabbajitaṃ sutvā ‘‘soṇopi nāma tathāsukhumālo pabbaji, kimaṅgaṃ pana maya’’nti pabbajiṃsu. Tesu bharato nacirasseva vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Nandako pana kilesānaṃ balavabhāvena tāva vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetuṃ nāsakkhi, vipassanāya kammaṃ karoti eva. Athassa bharatatthero āsayaṃ ñatvā avassayo bhavitukāmo taṃ pacchāsamaṇaṃ katvā vihārato nikkhamitvā maggasamīpe nisinno vipassanākathaṃ kathesi.

Tena ca samayena sakaṭasatthe gacchante eko sakaṭe yutto goṇo cikkhallaṭṭhāne sakaṭaṃ uddharituṃ asakkonto paripati. Tato naṃ satthavāho sakaṭā mocetvā tiṇañca pānīyañca datvā parissamaṃ apanetvā puna dhure yojesi. Tato goṇo vūpasantaparissamo laddhabalo taṃ sakaṭaṃ cikkhallaṭṭhānato uddharitvā thale patiṭṭhāpesi. Atha bharatatthero nandakassa ‘‘passasi no tvaṃ, āvuso nandaka, imassa kamma’’nti taṃ nidassetvā tena ‘‘passāmī’’ti vutte ‘‘imamatthaṃ suṭṭhu upadhārehī’’ti āha. Itaro ‘‘yathāyaṃ goṇo vūpasantaparissamo paṅkaṭṭhānato bhāraṃ ubbahati, evaṃ mayāpi saṃsārapaṅkato attā uddharitabbo’’ti tamevārammaṇaṃ katvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto nacirasseva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.48.90-95) –

‘‘Migaluddo pure āsiṃ, araññe kānane ahaṃ;

Vātamigaṃ gavesanto, caṅkamaṃ addasaṃ ahaṃ.

‘‘Ucchaṅgena pulinaṃ gayha, caṅkame okiriṃ ahaṃ;

Pasannacitto sumano, sugatassa sirīmato.

‘‘Ekatiṃse ito kappe, pulinaṃ okiriṃ ahaṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, pulinassa idaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā attano jeṭṭhabhātikassa bharatattherassa santike aññaṃ byākaronto –

‘‘Yathāpi bhaddo ājañño, khalitvā patitiṭṭhati;

Bhiyyo laddhāna saṃvegaṃ, adīno vahate dhuraṃ.

‘‘Evaṃ dassanasampannaṃ, sammāsambuddhasāvakaṃ;

Ājānīyaṃ maṃ dhāretha, puttaṃ buddhassa orasa’’nti. – gāthādvayaṃ abhāsi;

Tattha bhiyyo laddhāna saṃvegaṃ, adīno vahate dhuranti ‘‘mayhaṃ jātibalavīriyānaṃ ananucchavikametaṃ yadidaṃ āgatassa bhārassa avahana’’nti saṃvegaṃ labhitvā adīno adīnamānaso alīnacitto. ‘‘Alīno’’ti vā pāṭho, so eva attho. Bhiyyo punappunaṃ bhiyyosomattāya attano dhuraṃ bhāraṃ vahate ubbahati. Sesaṃ heṭṭhā ramaṇīyavihārittherassa gāthāvaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttanayameva.

Ehi, nandaka, gacchāmāti āyasmato bharatattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayaṃ kira anomadassissa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto ekadivasaṃ manuññadassanaṃ mudusukhasamphassaṃ upāhanadvayaṃ gahetvā gacchanto satthāraṃ caṅkamantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso upāhanā upanāmetvā, ‘‘abhiruhatu bhagavā upāhanā, yaṃ mama assa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti āha. Abhiruhi bhagavā tassa anuggaṇhanatthaṃ upāhanā. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde campānagare gahapatikule nibbatti, bharatotissa nāmaṃ ahosi. So viññutaṃ patto soṇattherassa pabbajitabhāvaṃ sutvā ‘‘sopi nāma pabbajī’’ti sañjātasaṃvego pabbajitvā katapubbakicco vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto nacirasseva chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.48.71-89) –

‘‘Anomadassī bhagavā, lokajeṭṭho narāsabho;

Divāvihārā nikkhamma, pathamāruhi cakkhumā.

‘‘Pānadhiṃ sukataṃ gayha, addhānaṃ paṭipajjahaṃ;

Tatthaddasāsiṃ sambuddhaṃ, pattikaṃ cārudassanaṃ.

‘‘Sakaṃ cittaṃ pasādetvā, nīharitvāna pānadhiṃ;

Pādamūle ṭhapetvāna, idaṃ vacanamabraviṃ.

‘‘Abhirūha mahāvīra, sugatinda vināyaka;

Ito phalaṃ labhissāmi, so me attho samijjhatu.

‘‘Anomadassī bhagavā, lokajeṭṭho narāsabho;

Pānadhiṃ abhirūhitvā, idaṃ vacanamabravi.

‘‘Yo pānadhiṃ me adāsi, pasanno sehi pāṇibhi;

Tamahaṃ kittayissāmi, suṇātha mama bhāsato.

‘‘Buddhassa giramaññāya, sabbe devā samāgatā;

Udaggacittā sumanā, vedajātā katañjalī.

‘‘Pānadhīnaṃ padānena, sukhitoyaṃ bhavissati;

Pañcapaññāsakkhattuñca, devarajjaṃ karissati.

‘‘Sahassakkhattuṃ rājā ca, cakkavattī bhavissati;

Padesarajjaṃ vipulaṃ, gaṇanāto asaṅkhiyaṃ.

‘‘Aparimeyye ito kappe, okkākakulasambhavo;

Gotamo nāma gottena, satthā loke bhavissati.

‘‘Tassa dhammesu dāyādo, oraso dhammanimmito;

Sabbāsave pariññāya, nibbāyissatināsavo.

‘‘Devaloke manusse vā, nibbattissati puññavā;

Devayānapaṭibhāgaṃ, yānaṃ paṭilabhissati.

‘‘Pāsādā sivikā vayhaṃ, hatthino samalaṅkatā;

Rathā vājaññasaṃyuttā, sadā pātubhavanti me.

‘‘Agārā nikkhamantopi, rathena nikkhamiṃ ahaṃ;

Kesesu chijjamānesu, arahattamapāpuṇiṃ.

‘‘Lābhā mayhaṃ suladdhaṃ me, vāṇijjaṃ suppayojitaṃ;

Datvāna pānadhiṃ ekaṃ, pattomhi acalaṃ padaṃ.

‘‘Aparimeyye ito kappe, yaṃ pānadhimadāsahaṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, pānadhissa idaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Chaḷabhiñño pana hutvā attano kaniṭṭhabhātikena nandakattherena heṭṭhā vuttanayena aññābyākaraṇe kate ‘‘idāni nandakopi arahā jāto, handa mayaṃ ubhopi satthu santikaṃ gantvā vusitabrahmacariyataṃ nivedessāmāti uppannaṃ parivitakkaṃ nandakattherassa kathento –

‘‘Ehi nandaka gacchāma, upajjhāyassa santikaṃ;

Sīhanādaṃ nadissāma, buddhaseṭṭhassa sammukhā.

‘‘Yāya no anukampāya, amhe pabbājayī muni;

So no attho anuppatto, sabbasaṃyojanakkhayo’’ti. – gāthādvayaṃ abhāsi;

Tattha nandakāti ālapanaṃ. Ehīti tassa attano santikakaraṇaṃ. Gacchāmāti tena attanā ca ekajjhaṃ kātabbakiriyāvacanaṃ, upajjhāyassāti sammāsambuddhassa, sammāsambuddho hi samantacakkhunā buddhacakkhunā ca sattānaṃ āsayānusayacaritādīnaṃ yathābhūtavilokanena sadevakassa lokassa vajjāvajjaṃ upanijjhāyatīti visesato upajjhāyoti vattabbataṃ arahati. Yadatthaṃ gamanaṃ, taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘sīhanādaṃ nadissāma, buddhaseṭṭhassa sammukhā’’ti āha. Yathābhuccaguṇābhibyāhāratāya abhītanādabhāvato sīhanādaṃ buddhassa sammāsambuddhassa tato eva sabbasattuttamatāya seṭṭhassa, buddhānaṃ vā sāvakabuddhādīnaṃ seṭṭhassa sammukhā purato nadissāmāti attho.

Yathā pana sīhanādaṃ naditukāmo, taṃ dassento ‘‘yāyā’’ti gāthamāha. Tattha yāyāti yadatthaṃ, yāya yadatthānuppattiyāti attho. Noti amhākaṃ. Anukampāyāti anuggaṇhanena amhe dvepi pabbājayi pabbājesi. Munīti bhagavā. So no attho anuppattoti so attho sabbesaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ khayabhūtaṃ arahattaphalaṃ no amhehi anuppatto, adhigatoti attho.

Nadanti evaṃ sappaññāti āyasmato bhāradvājattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto ito ekatiṃse kappe kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto ekadivasaṃ sumanaṃ nāma paccekabuddhaṃ piṇḍāya carantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso paripakkaṃ vallikāraphalaṃ adāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde rājagahe brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā gottanāmena bhāradvājotveva paññāyittha. So vayappatto gharāvāsaṃ vasanto ekaputtaṃ labhi. Tassa ‘‘kaṇhadinno’’ti nāmaṃ akāsi. Tassa viññutaṃ pattakāle ‘‘tāta, asukassa nāma ācariyassa santike sippaṃ sikkhitvā ehī’’ti taṃ takkasilaṃ pesesi. So gacchanto antarāmagge satthu sāvakaṃ aññataraṃ mahātheraṃ kalyāṇamittaṃ labhitvā tassa santike dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā katapubbakicco vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto nacirasseva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.48.66-70) –

‘‘Sumano nāma sambuddho, takkarāyaṃ vasī tadā;

Vallikāraphalaṃ gayha, sayambhussa adāsahaṃ.

‘‘Ekatiṃse ito kappe, yaṃ phalaṃ adadiṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, phaladānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Athassa pitā bhāradvājo veḷuvane viharantaṃ bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā dhammaṃ sutvā pabbajitvā nacirasseva arahattaṃ sacchākāsi. Atha putto satthāraṃ vandituṃ rājagahaṃ āgato satthu santike nisinnaṃ pitaraṃ disvā tuṭṭhacitto ‘‘pitāpi kho me pabbajito, kiṃ nu kho tena pabbajjākiccaṃ matthakaṃ pāpita’’nti vīmaṃsanto khīṇāsavabhāvaṃ ñatvā taṃ sīhanādaṃ nadāpetukāmo, ‘‘sādhu, kho tumhehi kataṃ pabbajantehi, pabbajjākiccaṃ pana matthakaṃ pāpita’’nti pucchi. Bhāradvājo puttassa adhigamaṃ dīpento –

‘‘Nadanti evaṃ sappaññā, sīhāva girigabbhare;

Vīrā vijitasaṅgāmā, jetvā māraṃ savāhanaṃ.

‘‘Satthā ca pariciṇṇo me, dhammo saṅgho ca pūjito;

Ahañca vitto sumano, puttaṃ disvā anāsava’’nti. – gāthādvayaṃ abhāsi;

Tattha nadantīti yathābhuccaguṇābhibyāhāravasena abhītanādaṃ nadanti gajjanti. Evanti idāni vattabbākāradassanaṃ. Sappaññāti aggamaggapaññādhigamena sabbapaññādhigamena sabbapaññāvepullappattā. Vīrāti catubbidhasammappadhānavīriyasampannatāya vīrā, tato eva anavasesasaṃkilesapakkhanimmathanena savāhanaṃ kilesamāraṃ abhisaṅkhāramāraṃ devaputtamārañca jetvā sabbaso vijitasaṅgāmā nadanti sappaññāti sambandho.

Evaṃ vijetabbavijayena sīhanādaṃ dassetvā idāni ārādhetabbasamārādhanena icchitabbasiddhiyā ca taṃ dassetuṃ, ‘‘satthā ca pariciṇṇo me’’ti dutiyaṃ gāthamāha. Tattha satthā ca pariciṇṇo meti mama satthā sammāsambuddho yathānusiṭṭhaṃ ovādānusāsanīkaraṇena mayā pariciṇṇo upāsito, na dhammādhikaraṇaṃ visositoti adhippāyo. Dhammo saṅgho ca pūjitoti navavidhopi lokuttaradhammo, yathāpaṭipattiyāgatamaggānuppattiyā sīladiṭṭhisāmaññagamanena ariyasaṅgho ca mayā pūjito mānito. Ahañca vitto sumano, puttaṃ disvā anāsavanti mama puttaṃ anāsavaṃ sabbaso khīṇāsavaṃ disvā dassanahetu ahampi vitto nirāmisāya pītiyā tuṭṭho, tatoyeva nirāmisena somanassena sumano jātoti attho.

Upāsitā sappurisāti āyasmato kaṇhadinnattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto ito catunavute kappe kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto ekadivasaṃ sobhitaṃ nāma paccekabuddhaṃ disvā pasannacitto punnāgapupphehi pūjaṃ akāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde rājagahe brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā kaṇhadinnoti laddhanāmo vayappatto upanissayasampattiyā codiyamāno dhammasenāpatiṃ upasaṅkamitvā dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.48.61-65) –

‘‘Sobhito nāma sambuddho, cittakūṭe vasī tadā;

Gahetvā giripunnāgaṃ, sayambhuṃ abhipūjayiṃ.

‘‘Catunnavutito kappe, yaṃ buddhamabhipūjayiṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā aññaṃ byākaronto –

‘‘Upāsitā sappurisā, sutā dhammā abhiṇhaso;

Sutvāna paṭipajjissaṃ, añjasaṃ amatogadhaṃ.

‘‘Bhavarāgahatassa me sato, bhavarāgo puna me na vijjati;

Na cāhu na ca me bhavissati, na ca me etarahi vijjatī’’ti. –

Gāthādvayaṃ abhāsi.

Tattha upāsitāti paricaritā paṭipattipayirupāsanāya payirupāsitā. Sappurisāti santehi sīlādiguṇehi samannāgatā purisā, ariyapuggalā sāriputtattherādayo. Etena purimacakkadvayasampattimattano dasseti. Na hi patirūpadesavāsena vinā sappurisūpanissayo sambhavati. Sutā dhammāti saccapaṭiccasamuppādādipaṭisaṃyuttadhammā sotadvārānusārena upadhāritā. Etena attano bāhusaccaṃ dassento pacchimacakkadvayasampattiṃ dasseti. Abhiṇhasoti bahuso na kālena kālaṃ. Idañca padaṃ ‘‘upāsitā sappurisā’’ti etthāpi yojetabbaṃ. Sutvāna paṭipajjissaṃ, añjasaṃ amatogadhanti te dhamme sutvā tattha vuttarūpārūpadhamme salakkhaṇādito pariggahetvā anukkamena vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā amatogadhaṃ nibbānapatiṭṭhaṃ taṃsampāpakaṃ añjasaṃ ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ paṭipajjiṃ pāpuṇiṃ.

Bhavarāgahatassa me satoti bhavarāgena bhavataṇhāya anādimati saṃsāre hatassa upaddutassa mama sato samānassa, aggamaggena vā hatabhavarāgassa. Bhavarāgo puna me na vijjatīti tato eva puna idāni bhavarāgo me natthi. Na cāhu na me bhavissati, na ca me etarahi vijjatīti yadipi pubbe puthujjanakāle sekkhakāle ca me bhavarāgo ahosi, aggamaggappattito pana paṭṭhāya na cāhu na ca ahosi, āyatimpi na me bhavissati, etarahi adhunāpi na ca me vijjati na ca upalabbhati, pahīnoti attho. Bhavarāgavacaneneva cettha tadekaṭṭhatāya mānādīnampi abhāvo vuttoti sabbaso parikkhīṇabhavasaṃyojanataṃ dasseti.