2. Abhidhammabhājanīyavaṇṇanā

155.Paccayayugaḷavasenāti ajjhattikabāhirapaccayadvayavasena. Ajjhattikabāhiravasena abbokāratoti ajjhattikavasena ceva bāhiravasena ca asaṅkarato.

167.Visaṅkhāraninnassāti nibbānapoṇassa. Vinimuttasaṅkhārassāti samucchedapaṭipassaddhivimuttīhi samukhena, tappaṭibaddhachandarāgappahānena ca suṭṭhu vinimuttasaṅkhārassa paramassāsabhāvena, gatibhāvena ca patiṭṭhānabhūte. ‘‘Nibbānaṃ arahato gatī’’ti (paṭi. 339) hi vuttaṃ. Ṭhitibhāvenāti ca pāṭho. Taṃsacchikaraṇābhāveti tassa nibbānassa sacchikaraṇābhāve. Nītoti pāpito, pakāsitoti attho.

Cuṇṇitanti bheditaṃ. Tvameva kiṃ na jānāsīti kiṃ tvaṃ na jānāsiyevāti attho. ‘‘Kiṃ tvaṃ ekaṃ nānaṃ jānāsi, kiṃ tvaṃ na jānāsi evā’’ti evaṃ vikkhepaṃ karontaṃ paravādiṃ ‘‘nanu ñāte’’tiādinā sakavādī nibandhati. Vibhajitvāti ‘‘rāgādīnaṃ khīṇante uppannattā’’ti bhāvatthaṃ vibhajitvā. Rāgādīnaṃ khayā na hontīti yojanā. Sasabhāvatā ca nibbānassa āpannā hotīti sambandho.

Nibbānārammaṇakaraṇena kāraṇabhūtena. Hetuatthe hi idaṃ karaṇavacanaṃ. Kilesakkhayamattataṃ vā nibbānassa icchato kilesakkhayena bhavitabbanti yojanā.

Evaṃ kilesakkhayamatte nibbāne khepetabbā kilesā bahuvidhā nānappakārā, maggo ca odhiso kilese khepeti. Svāyaṃ ‘‘katamaṃ kilesakkhayaṃ nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā katame kilese khepetī’’ti purimapucchādvayameva vadati. Tadevāti yaṃ ‘‘avijjātaṇhānaṃ kiñci ekadesamattampī’’ti vuttaṃ, tadeva.

Ettha ca yāyaṃ ‘‘kilesakkhayova nibbāna’’nti nibbānassa abhāvatācodanā, tatrāyaṃ āgamato yuttito cassa bhāvābhāvavibhāvanā. Tañhi bhagavatā –

‘‘Atthi, bhikkhave, ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhata’’nti (udā. 73; itivu. 43).

‘‘Atthi, bhikkhave, tadāyatanaṃ, yattha neva pathavī na āpo na tejo na vāyo’’ti (udā. 71) –

Ca ādinā, tathā –

‘‘Gambhīro duddaso duranubodho santo paṇīto atakkāvacaro nipuṇo paṇḍitavedanīyo’’ti (ma. ni. 2.337; saṃ. ni. 1.172; mahāva. 7-8) –

‘‘Asaṅkhatañca vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi asaṅkhatagāminiñca paṭipadaṃ, anataṃ, anāsavaṃ, saccaṃ, pāraṃ, nipuṇaṃ, sududdasaṃ, ajajjaraṃ, dhuvaṃ, apalokitaṃ, anidassanaṃ, nippapañcaṃ, santaṃ, amataṃ, paṇītaṃ, sivaṃ, khemaṃ, taṇhākkhayaṃ, acchariyaṃ, abbhutaṃ, anītikaṃ, anītikadhammaṃ, nibbānaṃ, abyābajjhaṃ, virāgaṃ, suddhiṃ, muttiṃ, anālayaṃ, dīpaṃ, leṇaṃ, tāṇaṃ, saraṇaṃ, parāyaṇañca vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi parāyaṇagāminiñca paṭipada’’nti (saṃ. ni. 4.377) –

Evamādīhi ca suttapadehi ‘‘appaccayā dhammā, asaṅkhatā dhammā (dha. sa. dukamātikā 7), sabbañca rūpaṃ asaṅkhatā ca dhātū’’tiādīhi (dha. sa. 1192, 1198, 1200) abhidhammapadesehi ca paramatthabhāveneva desitaṃ. Na hi sabhāvavirahitassa abhāvamattassa gambhīrāsaṅkhatādibhāvo abyākatadhammādibhāvo ca yutto, vutto ca so. Tasmā na abhāvamattaṃ nibbānaṃ.

Api cāyaṃ abhāvavādī evaṃ pucchitabbo – yadi kilesābhāvo nibbānaṃ, svāyamabhāvo eko vā siyā aneko vā? Yadi eko, ekeneva maggena kato sacchikato ca hotīti uparimānaṃ maggānaṃ niratthakatā āpajjati. Na hi ekaṃ anekehi kammappavattehi sādhetabbaṃ diṭṭhaṃ. Atha siyā ekova so kilesābhāvo, na pana maggehi kātabbo, atha kho sacchikātabboti. Evaṃ sati suṭṭhutaraṃ maggassa niratthakatā āpajjati kilesānaṃ appahānato. Akaronto ca maggo kilesābhāvaṃ tassa sacchikiriyāya kamatthaṃ sādheyya, atha maggānaṃ saṃyojanattayappahānādipaṭiniyatakiccatāya pahāyakavibhāgena kilesābhāvabhedo, evaṃ sati vinā sabhāvabhedaṃ bahubhāvo natthīti bahubhāvatāpadesenassa sasabhāvatā āpannā. Athāpi siyā ‘‘yesaṃ abhāvo, tesaṃ bahubhāvena bahubhāvopacāro’’ti, evaṃ sati yesaṃ abhāvo, tesaṃ sabhāvatāya sasabhāvopacāropi siyā. Tathā tesaṃ kilesasaṅkhatāditāya kilesasaṅkhatādibhāvā ca siyuṃ, na cetaṃ yuttanti na tesaṃ bahubhāvopacāro yutto. Ekabhāvopi cassa asabhāvatāya eva vattuṃ na sakkāti ce? Na, abhāvasāmaññato, abhāvasāmaññena abhedasamaññāya ekattaniddeso. Sati ca ekatte pubbe vuttadosānativatti.

Bahubhāve ca sasabhāvatā siddhā. Yadipi siyā yathā bahubhāvo sasabhāvataṃ, evaṃ sāmaññena sasabhāvatā bahubhāvaṃ na byabhicareyyāti sasabhāvapakkhepi nibbānassa bahubhāvo āpajjatīti? Taṃ na, kasmā? Tathā sāmaññābhedato. Na hi evaṃ vattuṃ labbhā yathā kharabhāvo sasabhāvataṃ na byabhicarati, evaṃ sasabhāvatāpi kharabhāvaṃ na byabhicareyyāti. Evañhi sati tadaññasabbadhammābhāvappasaṅgo siyā, tasmā bahubhāvo sasabhāvatāpekkho, na sasabhāvatā bahubhāvāpekkhāti na sasabhāvassa nibbānassa bahubhāvāpatti. ‘‘Ekañhi saccaṃ na dutīyamatthi (su. ni. 890; mahāni. 119), ekā niṭṭhā na puthuniṭṭhā’’tiādivacanato.

Api cettha kilesābhāvo nāma rāgādīnaṃ samucchedo accantappahānaṃ anuppādanirodho. Tassa ca ekatte ekeneva maggena sādhetabbatā kiccavisesābhāvatoti dassanādimaggavibhāgo na siyā. Icchito ca so odhisova kilesānaṃ pahātabbattā. So ca maggavibhāgo saddhādīnaṃ indriyānaṃ nātitikkhatikkhatikkhataratikkhatamabhāvena ekasmimpi samucchedappahānayogyabhāve sacchikiriyāvisesena hotīti nibbānassa sasabhāvatāyayeva yutto. Abhāvo pana kilesānaṃ maggena kātabbo siyā ‘‘mā maggassa niratthakatā ahosī’’ti, na sacchikātabbo. Ko hi tassa sabhāvo, yo tena sacchikariyeyya. So ca kilesābhāvo ekeneva maggena sādhetabbo siyā, na catūhi ‘‘mā catubhāvanibbānatāpatti, nibbānavisesāpatti ca ahosī’’ti. Tato dassanādimaggavibhāgo na siyāti sabbaṃ āvattati.

Yadi ca abhāvo bhāvassa siyāti tassa bhāvadhammatā icchitā, evaṃ sati yathā saṅkhatadhammassa tassa jarāmaraṇādīnaṃ viya saṅkhatadhammatāpi āpannā, evaṃ bahūnaṃ kilesānaṃ dhammassa tassa bahubhāvādippasaṅgopi dunnivāroti ataṃsabhāvassa asaṅkhatassekassa sasabhāvassa nibbānabhāvo veditabbo.

Yadi evaṃ kasmā ‘‘rāgakkhayo dosakkhayo mohakkhayo’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.315, 330) vuttanti? Khayena adhigantabbattā. Khayo hi ariyamaggo. Yathāha ‘‘khaye ñāṇaṃ, anuppāde ñāṇa’’nti (dha. sa. dukamātikā 142). Tena rāgādikkhayapariyāyena ariyamaggena adhigantabbato ‘‘paramatthaṃ gambhīraṃ nipuṇaṃ duddasaṃ duranubodhaṃ nibbānaṃ rāgādikkhayo’’ti vuttaṃ. Rāgādippahānamukhena vā tathā pattabbato, yathā aññatthāpi vuttaṃ ‘‘madanimmaddano pipāsavinayo’’tiādi (a. ni. 4.34; itivu. 90).

Apica yathā pariññeyyatāya sauttarānaṃ kāmānaṃ rūpānañca paṭipakkhabhūtaṃ tabbidhurasabhāvaṃ nissaraṇaṃ paññāyati, evaṃ sasabhāvānaṃ sabbesampi saṅkhatadhammānaṃ paṭipakkhabhūtena tabbidhurasabhāvena nissaraṇena bhavitabbaṃ. Yañca tannissaraṇaṃ, sā asaṅkhatā dhātu. Kiñca bhiyyo – saṅkhatadhammārammaṇaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ api anulomañāṇaṃ kilese tadaṅgavasena pajahati, na samucchedavasena pajahituṃ sakkoti. Tathā sammutisaccārammaṇaṃ paṭhamajjhānādīsu ñāṇaṃ vikkhambhanavaseneva kilese pajahati, na samucchedavasena. Iti saṅkhatadhammārammaṇassa, sammutisaccārammaṇassa ca ñāṇassa kilesānaṃ samucchedappahāne asamatthabhāvato tesaṃ samucchedappahānakarassa ariyamaggañāṇassa tadubhayaviparītasabhāvena ārammaṇena bhavitabbaṃ, sā asaṅkhatā dhātu. Tathā ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhata’’nti (udā. 73; itivu. 43) idaṃ nibbānassa paramatthato atthibhāvajotakaṃ vacanaṃ aviparītatthaṃ bhagavatā bhāsitattā. Yañhi bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ, taṃ aviparītatthaṃ yathā taṃ ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā, sabbe saṅkhārā dukkhā, sabbe dhammā anattā’’ti (dha. pa. 277-279; theragā. 676-678; netti. 5), tathā nibbāna-saddo katthaci visaye yathābhūtaparamatthavisayo upacāravuttisabbhāvato seyyathāpi sīha-saddo. Atha vā attheva paramatthato asaṅkhatā dhātu itaratabbiparītavimuttisabhāvattā seyyathāpi ‘‘pathavīdhātu vedanā cā’’ti evamādīhi nayehi yuttitopi asaṅkhatāya dhātuyā paramatthato atthibhāvo veditabbo.