Vipassanākammaṭṭhānaṃ

43.Aniccādivasena vividhākārena passatīti vipassanā, aniccānupassanādikā bhāvanāpaññā. Tassā kammaṭṭhānaṃ, sāyeva vā kammaṭṭhānanti vipassanākammaṭṭhānaṃ. Tasmiṃ vipassanākammaṭṭhāne sattavidhena visuddhisaṅgahoti sambandho.

44.Aniccatāyeva lakkhaṇaṃ lakkhitabbaṃ, lakkhīyati anenāti vā aniccalakkhaṇaṃ. Udayavayapaṭipīḷanasaṅkhātadukkhabhāvo va lakkhaṇanti dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ. Paraparikappitassa attano abhāvo anattatā, tadeva lakkhaṇanti anattalakkhaṇaṃ.

45.Tiṇṇaṃ lakkhaṇānaṃ anu anu passanā aniccānupassanādikā.

46.Khandhādīnaṃ kalāpato sammasanavasappavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ sammasanañāṇaṃ. Uppādabhaṅgānupassanāvasappavattañāṇaṃ udayabbayañāṇaṃ. Udayaṃ muccitvā vaye pavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ bhaṅgañāṇaṃ. Saṅkhārānaṃ bhayato anupassanāvasena pavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ bhayañāṇaṃ, diṭṭhabhayānaṃ ādīnavato pekkhaṇavasena pavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ ādīnavañāṇaṃ, diṭṭhādīnavesu nibbindanavasappavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ nibbidāñāṇaṃ. Nibbinditvā saṅkhārehi muccitukamyatāvasena pavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ muccitukamyatāñāṇaṃ. Muccanassa upāyasampaṭipādanatthaṃ puna saṅkhārānaṃ pariggahavasappavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ paṭisaṅkhāñāṇaṃ. Paṭisaṅkhātadhammesu bhayanandīvivajjanavasena ajjhupekkhitvā pavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ. Purimānaṃ navannaṃ kiccanipphattiyā, upari ca sattatiṃsāya bodhipakkhiyadhammānaṃ anukūlaṃ ñāṇaṃ anulomañāṇaṃ.

47.Attasuññatāya suññato. Saṃyojanādīhi vimuccanaṭṭhena vimokkho. Niccanimittādino abhāvato animitto. Paṇihitassa taṇhāpaṇidhissa abhāvato appaṇihito.

49.Yo naṃ pāti, taṃ mokkheti apāyādīhi dukkhehīti pātimokkhaṃ, tadeva kāyaduccaritādīhi saṃvaraṇato saṃvaro, samādhānopadhāraṇaṭṭhena sīlañcāti pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlaṃ. Manacchaṭṭhānaṃ indriyānaṃ rūpādīsu saṃvaraṇavasena pavattaṃ sīlaṃ indriyasaṃvarasīlaṃ. Micchājīva vivajjanena ājīvassa parisuddhivasappavattaṃ ājīvapārisuddhisīlaṃ. Paccaye sannissitaṃ tesaṃ idamatthikatāya paccavekkhaṇasīlaṃ paccayasannissitasīlaṃ. Catubbidhattā desanāsaṃvarapariyeṭṭhipaccavekkhaṇavasena, parisuddhattā ca catupārisuddhisīlaṃ nāma.

50.Cittavisuddhi nāma cittassa vinīvaraṇabhāvāpādanavasena visodhanato, cittasīsena niddiṭṭhattā, visuddhattā cāti vā katvā.

51.‘‘Dhammānaṃ sāmaññasabhāvo lakkhaṇaṃ, kiccasampattiyo raso, upaṭṭhānākāro, phalañca paccupaṭṭhāna’’nti evaṃ vuttānaṃ lakkhaṇādīnaṃ ‘‘phusanalakkhaṇo phasso, kakkhaḷalakkhaṇā pathavī’’tyādinā vitthārato, ‘‘namanalakkhaṇaṃ nāmaṃ, ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ rūpa’’ntyādinā saṅkhepato ca pariggaho paccattalakkhaṇādivasena paricchijja gahaṇaṃ dukkhasaccavavatthānaṃ diṭṭhivisuddhi nāma ‘‘nāmarūpato attā natthī’’ti dassanato diṭṭhi ca attadiṭṭhimalavisodhanato visuddhi cāti katvā.

52.Paccayapariggahoti nāmañca rūpañca paṭisandhiyaṃ tāva avijjātaṇhāupādānakammahetuvasena nibbattati. Pavattiyañca rūpaṃ kammacittautuāhārapaccayavasena, nāmañca cakkhurūpādinissayārammaṇādipaccayavasena, visesato ca yonisomanasikārādicatucakkasampattiyā kusalaṃ, tabbipariyāyena akusalaṃ, kusalākusalavasena vipāko bhavaṅgādivasena āvajjanaṃ, khīṇāsavasantānavasena kiriyajavanaṃ, āvajjanañca uppajjatīti evaṃ sādhāraṇāsādhāraṇavasena tīsu addhāsu nāmarūpappavattiyā paccakkhādisiddhassa kammādipaccayassa pariggaṇhanaṃ samudayasaccassa vavatthānaṃ kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhi nāma ‘‘ahosiṃ nu kho ahamatītamaddhāna’’ntyādikāya (ma. ni. 1.18; saṃ. ni. 2.20) soḷasavidhāya, ‘‘sattharikaṅkhatī’’tyādikāya (dha. sa. 1123; vibha. 915) aṭṭhavidhāya ca kaṅkhāya vitaraṇato atikkamanato kaṅkhāvitaraṇā, ahetukavisamahetudiṭṭhimalavisodhanato visuddhi cāti katvā.

53.Tato paccayapariggahato paraṃ tathāpariggahitesu paccattalakkhaṇādivavatthānavasena, paccayavavatthānavasena ca pariggahitesu lokuttaravajjesu tibhūmipariyāpannesu nāmarūpesu atītādibhedabhinnesu khandhādinayamārabbha pañcakkhandhachadvārachaḷārammaṇachadvārappavattadhammādivasena āgataṃ khandhādinayaṃ ārabbha kalāpavasena piṇḍavasena saṅkhipitvā yaṃ atīte jātaṃ rūpaṃ, taṃ atīteva niruddhaṃ. Yaṃ anāgate bhāvi rūpaṃ, tampi tattheva nirujjhissati. Yaṃ paccuppannaṃ, taṃ anāgataṃ appatvā ettheva nirujjhati, tathā ajjhattabahiddhasukhumaoḷārikahīnapaṇītarūpādayo. Tasmā ‘‘aniccaṃ attādivasena na iccaṃ anupagantabbaṃ khayaṭṭhena khayagamanato, dukkhaṃ bhayaṭṭhena bhayakarattā, anattā asārakaṭṭhena attasārādiabhāvenā’’ti ca ‘‘cakkhuṃ aniccaṃ…pe… mano. Rūpaṃ…pe… dhammā. Cakkhuviññāṇaṃ…pe… manoviññāṇaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā’’tyādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.48) atītādiaddhāvasena, atītādisantānavasena, atītādikhaṇavasena ca sammasanañāṇena hutvāabhāvaudayabbayapaṭipīḷanaavasavattanākārasaṅkhātalakkhaṇattayasammasanavasappavattena kalāpasammasanañāṇena lakkhaṇattayaṃ sammasantassa parimajjantassa.

Sammasanañāṇe pana uppanne puna tesveva saṅkhāresu ‘‘avijjāsamudayā rūpasamudayo, taṇhākammaāhārasamudayā rūpasamudayo, tathā avijjānirodhā rūpanirodho, taṇhākammaāhāranirodhā rūpanirodho’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.50) evaṃ rūpakkhandhe vedanāsaññāsaṅkhārakkhandhesupi āhāraṃ apanetvā ‘‘phassasamudayā phassanirodhā’’ti ca evaṃ phassaṃ pakkhipitvā, viññāṇakkhandhe ‘‘nāmarūpasamudayā nāmarūpanirodhā’’ti nāmarūpaṃ pakkhipitvā paccayasamudayavasena, paccayanirodhavasena ca, paccaye anāmasitvā paccuppannakkhandhesu nibbattilakkhaṇamattassa, vipariṇāmalakkhaṇamattassa ca dassanena khaṇavasena cāti ekekasmiṃ khandhe paccayavasena catudhā, khaṇavasena ekadhā cāti pañcadhā udayaṃ, pañcadhā vayanti dasadasaudayabbayadassanavasena samapaññāsākārehi udayabbayañāṇena udayabbayaṃ samanupassantassa āraddhavipassakassa yogino vipassanācittasamuṭṭhāno sarīrato niccharaṇakaālokasaṅkhāto obhāso, vipassanācittasahajātā khuddikādipañcavidhā (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 1 dhammuddesavāra jhānaṅgarāsivaṇṇanā) pīti, tathā kāyacittadarathavūpasamalakkhaṇā kāyacittavasena duvidhā passaddhi, balavasaddhindriyasaṅkhāto adhimokkho, sammappadhānakiccasādhako vīriyasambojjhaṅgasaṅkhāto paggaho, atipaṇītaṃ sukhaṃ, indavissaṭṭhavajirasadisaṃ tilakkhaṇavipassanābhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ, satipaṭṭhānabhūtā cirakatādianussaraṇasamatthā upaṭṭhānasaṅkhātā sati, samappavattavipassanāsahajātā upekkhāsambojjhaṅgabhūtā tatramajjhattupekkhā, manodvāre āvajjhanupekkhā cāti duvidhāpi upekkhā, obhāsādīsu uppannesu ‘‘na vata me ito pubbe evarūpo obhāso uppannapubbo’’tyādinā (visuddhi. 2.733) nayena tattha ālayaṃ kurumānā sukhumataṇhā rūpanikanticāti obhāsādīsu dasasu vipassanupakkilesesu uppannesu ‘‘na vata me ito pubbe evarūpā obhāsādayo uppannapubbā addhā maggappattosmi, phalappattosmī’’ti (visuddhi. 2.733) aggahetvā ‘‘ime obhāsādayo taṇhādiṭṭhimānavatthutāya na maggo, atha kho vipassanupakkilesā eva, tabbinimuttaṃ pana vīthipaṭipannaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ maggo’’ti evaṃ maggāmaggalakkhaṇassa vavatthānaṃ nicchayanaṃ maggāmaggassa jānanato, dassanato, amagge maggasaññāya visodhanato ca maggāmaggañāṇadassanavisuddhi nāma.

54.Yāvānulomāti yāva saccānulomañāṇā. Nava vipassanāñāṇānīti (visuddhi. 2.737 ādayo) khandhānaṃ udayañca vayañca jānanakaṃ udayabbayañāṇaṃ, udayaṃ muñcitvā bhaṅgamattānupekkhakaṃ bhaṅgañāṇaṃ, bhaṅgavasena upaṭṭhitānaṃ sīhādīnaṃ viya bhāyitabbākārānupekkhakaṃ bhayañāṇaṃ, tathānupekkhitānaṃ ādittagharassa viya ādīnavākārānupekkhakaṃ ādīnavañāṇaṃ, diṭṭhādīnavesu nibbindanavasena pavattaṃ nibbidāñāṇaṃ, jālādito macchādikā viya tehi tebhūmakadhammehi muccitukāmatāvasena pavattaṃ muccitukamyatāñāṇaṃ, muccanupāyasampādanatthaṃ diṭṭhādīnavesupi samuddasakuṇī viya punappunaṃ sammasanavasappattaṃ paṭisaṅkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ, cattabhariyo puriso viya diṭṭhādīnavesu tesu saṅkhāresu upekkhanākārappavattaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ, aniccādilakkhaṇavipassanatāya heṭṭhā pavattānaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ vipassanāñāṇānaṃ, uddhaṃ maggakkhaṇe adhigantabbānaṃ sattatiṃsabodhipakkhiyadhammānañca anulomato maggavīthiyaṃ gotrabhuto pubbe pavattaṃ saccānulomikañāṇasaṅkhātaṃ navamaṃ anulomañāṇanti imāni nava ñāṇāni ñāṇadassanavisuddhiyā paṭipadābhāvato tilakkhaṇajānanaṭṭhena, paccakkhato dassanaṭṭhena, paṭipakkhato visuddhattā ca paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhi nāma.

55.Vipassanāya paripāko vipassanāparipāko, saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇaṃ. Taṃ āgamma paṭicca. Idāni appanā uppajjissatīti ‘‘idāni appanāsaṅkhāto lokuttaramaggo uppajjissatī’’ti vattabbakkhaṇe. Yaṃ kiñcīti saṅkhārupekkhāya gahitesu tīsu ekaṃ yaṃ kiñci.

56.Vipassanāya matthakappattiyā sikhāppattā. Anulomañāṇasahitatāya sānulomā. Sā eva saṅkhāresu udāsīnattā saṅkhārupekkhā. Yathānurūpaṃ apāyādito, saṅkhāranimittato ca vuṭṭhahanato vuṭṭhānasaṅkhātaṃ maggaṃ gacchatīti vuṭṭhānagāminī.

57.Abhisambhontanti pāpuṇantaṃ.

58.Parijānantoti ‘‘ettakaṃ dukkhaṃ, na ito ūnādhika’’nti paricchijja jānanto. Sacchikarontoti ārammaṇakaraṇavasena paccakkhaṃ karonto. Maggasaccaṃ bhāvanāvasenāti maggasaccasaṅkhātassa sampayuttamaggasaṅkhātassa catutthasaccassa sahajātādipaccayo hutvā vaḍḍhanavasena. Ekasseva ñāṇassa catukiccasādhanaṃ padīpādīnaṃ vaṭṭidāhādicatukiccadassanato, ‘‘yo, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ passatī’’tyādi (saṃ. ni. 5.1100; visuddhi. 2.839) āgamato ca sampaṭicchitabbaṃ.

59.Dve tīṇi phalacittāni pavattitvāti magguppattiyā anurūpato dve vā tīṇi vā phalacittāni apanītaggimhi ṭhāne uṇhattanibbāpanatthāya ghaṭehi abhisiñcamānamudakaṃ viya samucchinnakilesepi santāne darathapaṭippassambhakāni hutvā pavattitvā, tesaṃ pavattiyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Paccavekkhaṇañāṇānīti maggaphalādivisayāni kāmāvacarañāṇāni, yāni sandhāya ‘‘vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hotī’’ti (mahāva. 23) vuttaṃ.

60.Idāni paccavekkhaṇāya bhūmiṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘maggaṃ phalañcā’’tyādi vuttaṃ. Tattha ‘‘imināva vatāhaṃ maggena āgato’’ti maggaṃ paccavekkhati. Tato ‘‘ayaṃ nāma me ānisaṃso laddho’’ti tassa phalaṃ, tato ‘‘ayaṃ nāma me dhammo ārammaṇato sacchikato’’ti nibbānañca paṇḍito paccavekkhati. Tato ‘‘ime nāma me kilesā pahīnā’’ti pahīne kilese, ‘‘ime nāma avasiṭṭhā’’ti avasiṭṭhakilese paccavekkhati vā, na vā. Koci sekkho paccavekkhati, koci na paccavekkhati. Tattha kāmacārotyadhippāyo. Tathā hi mahānāmo sakko ‘‘ko su nāma me dhammo ajjhattaṃ appahīno’’ti (ma. ni. 1.175; visuddhi. 2.812) appahīne kilese pucchi. Arahato pana avasiṭṭhakilesapaccavekkhaṇaṃ natthi sabbakilesānaṃ pahīnattā, tasmā tiṇṇaṃ sekkhānaṃ pannarasa arahato cattārīti ekūnavīsati paccavekkhaṇañāṇānīti daṭṭhabbaṃ.

Chabbisuddhikamenāti (visuddhi. 2.662 ādayo) sīlacittavisuddhīnaṃ vasena mūlabhūtānaṃ dvinnaṃ, diṭṭhivisuddhiādīnaṃ vasena sarīrabhūtānaṃ catunnanti etāsaṃ channaṃ visuddhīnaṃ kamena. Catunnaṃ saccānaṃ jānanatā, paccakkhakaraṇato, kilesamalehi visuddhattā ca ñāṇadassanavisuddhi nāma.

Etthāti vipassanākammaṭṭhāne.

61.Tattha tasmiṃ uddese. Saṅkhāresu ‘‘yo attābhiniveso kammassa kārako phalassa ca vedako eso me attā’’ti evaṃ abhiniveso daḷhaggāho, taṃ muñcantī ‘‘anattā’’ti pavattā anupassanāva attasuññatākārānupassanato suññatānupassanā nāma vimokkhamukhaṃ paṭipakkhato vimuttivasena vimokkhasaṅkhātassa lokuttaraṃ maggaphalassa dvāraṃ hoti.

62.Saṅkhāresu ‘‘anicca’’nti pavattā anupassanā anicce ‘‘nicca’’nti (a. ni. 4.49; paṭi. ma. 1.236; vibha. 939) pavattaṃ saññācittadiṭṭhivipallāsasaṅkhātaṃ vipallāsanimittaṃ muñcantī pajahantī vipallāsanimittarahitākārānupassanato animittānupassanā nāma vimokkhamukhaṃ hotīti sambandho.

63.‘‘Dukkha’’nti pavattānupassanā saṅkhāresu ‘‘etaṃ mama, etaṃ sukha’’ntyādinā nayena pavattaṃ kāmabhavataṇhāsaṅkhātaṃ taṇhāpaṇidhiṃ taṇhāpatthanaṃ muñcantī dukkhākāradassanena pariccajantī paṇidhirahitākārānupassanato appaṇihitānupassanā nāma.

64.Tasmāti yasmā etāsaṃ tissannaṃ etāni tīṇi nāmāni, tasmā yadi vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanā anattato vipassati. Maggo suññato nāma vimokkho hoti āgamanavasena laddhanāmattā.

66.Vipassanāgamanavasenāti vipassanāsaṅkhātāgamanavasena. Āgacchati etena maggo, phalañcāti vipassanāmaggo idha āgamanaṃ nāma.

67.Yathāvuttanayenāti pubbe vuttaanattānupassanādivasena. Yathāsakaṃ phalamuppajjamānampīti yathāladdhamaggassa phalabhūtaṃ attano attano phalaṃ uppajjamānampi maggāgamanavasena alabhitvā vipassanāgamanavaseneva tīṇi nāmāni labhati phalasamāpattikāle tadā maggappavattābhāvena tassa dvārabhāvāyogato. Ārammaṇavasenāti sabbasaṅkhārasuññatattā, saṅkhāranimittarahitattā, taṇhāpaṇidhirahitattā ca suññataanimittaappaṇihitanāmavantaṃ nibbānaṃ ārabbha pavattattā tassa vasena. Sarasavasenāti rāgādisuññatattā, rūpanimittādiārammaṇarahitattā, kilesapaṇidhirahitattā attano guṇavasena. Sabbatthāti maggavīthiyaṃ, phalasamāpattivīthiyañca. Sabbesampīti maggassa, phalassapi.

68.Sattakkhattuṃ sattasu vāresu kāmasugatiyaṃ paṭisandhiggahaṇaṃ paramaṃ etassāti sattakkhattuparamo na pana aṭṭhamādikāmabhavagāmītyadhippāyo. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘na te bhavaṃ aṭṭhamamādiyantī’’ti (khu. pā. 6.9; su. ni. 232; netti. 115). Rūpārūpasugatibhavaṃ pana sattavārato parampi gacchatīti ācariyā.

69.Rāgadosamohānanti mohaggahaṇaṃ rāgadosekaṭṭhamohaṃ sandhāyāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.

70.Khīṇā cattāro āsavā etassāti khīṇāsavo. Dakkhiṇārahesu aggattā aggadakkhiṇeyyo.

72.Sabbesampīti catunnampi ariyapuggalānaṃ.

73.Cittacetasikānaṃ appavattisaṅkhātassa nirodhassa samāpatti nirodhasamāpatti, diṭṭheva dhamme cittanirodhaṃ patvā viharaṇaṃ. Anāgāmīnañcāti kāmarūpabhavaṭṭhānaṃ aṭṭhasamāpattilābhīnameva anāgāmīnaṃ, tathā khīṇāsavānañca. Tatthāti nirodhasamāpattiyaṃ. Yāva ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ gantvāti evaṃ samathavipassanānaṃ yuganaddhabhāvāpādanavasena yāva ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ, tāva gantvā. Adhiṭṭheyyādikanti kāyapaṭibaddhaṃ ṭhapetvā visuṃ visuṃ ṭhapitacīvarādiparikkhāragehādīnaṃ aggiādinā avināsanādhiṭṭhānaṃ, saṃghapaṭimānanasatthupakkosanānaṃ puretaraṃ vuṭṭhānaṃ, sattāhabbhantare āyusaṅkhārappavattiolokananti catubbidhaṃ adhiṭṭhānādikaṃ pubbakiccaṃ katvā.

75.Paṭipattirasassādanti jhānasukhaphalasukhādibhedaṃ samathavipassanāpaṭipattirasassādaṃ.

(Ka) cārittena kulācārena sobhite visālakule udayo nibbatti yassa, tena, kammādivisayāya saddhāya abhivuddho parisuddho ca dānasīlādiguṇānaṃ udayo yassa, tena, nampavhayena nampanāmakena, parānukampaṃ sāsane sukhotaraṇaparipācanalakkhaṇaṃ parānuggahaṃ, paṇidhāya patthetvā yaṃ pakaraṇaṃ patthitaṃ abhiyācitaṃ, taṃ ettāvatā pariniṭṭhitanti yojanā.

(Kha) tena pakaraṇappasutena vipulena puññena paññāvadātena ariyamaggapaññāparisuddhena sīlādiguṇena sobhitā. Tatoyeva lajjino bhikkhū, dhaññānaṃ adhivāsabhūtaṃ, uditoditaṃ accantappasiddhaṃ, mūlasomaṃ nāma vihāraṃ, puññavibhavassa udayasaṅkhātāya maṅgalatthāya āyukantaṃ maññantu, tattha nivāsino bhikkhū īdisā hontūtyadhippāyo.

1.Ramme pulatthinagare nagarādhirāje,

Raññā parakkamabhujena mahābhujena;

Kārāpite vasati jetavane vihāre;

Yo rammahammiyavarūpavanābhirāme.

2.Sampannasīladamasaṃyamatositehi,

Sammānito vasigaṇehi guṇākarehi;

Patto munindavacanādisu nekagantha-

Jātesu cācariyataṃ mahitaṃ vidūhi.

3.Ñāṇānubhāvamiha yassa ca sūcayantī,

Saṃvaṇṇanā ca vinayaṭṭhakathādikānaṃ;

Sāratthadīpanimukhā madhuratthasāra-

Sandīpanena sujanaṃ paritosayantī.

4.Tassānukampamavalambiya sāriputta-

Ttherassa thāmagatasāraguṇākarassa;

Yo nekaganthavisayaṃ paṭutaṃ alatthaṃ,

Tassesa ñāṇavibhavo vibhavekahetu.

5.Sohametassa saṃsuddha-vāyāmassānubhāvato.

Addhāsāsanadāyādo, hessaṃ metteyyasatthuno.

6.Jotayantaṃ tadā tassa, sāsanaṃ suddhamānasaṃ.

Passeyyaṃ sakkareyyañca, garuṃ me sārisambhavaṃ.

7.Dinehi catuvīsehi, ṭīkāyaṃ niṭṭhitā yathā.

Tathā kalyāṇasaṅkappā, sīghaṃ sijjhantu pāṇinanti.