4. Anumānavaggo

1.Atha kho milindo rājā yenāyasmā nāgaseno tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ nāgasenaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi, ekamantaṃ nisinno kho milindo rājā ñātukāmo sotukāmo dhāretukāmo ñāṇālokaṃ daṭṭhukāmo aññāṇaṃ bhinditukāmo ñāṇālokaṃ uppādetukāmo avijjandhakāraṃ nāsetukāmo adhimattaṃ dhitiñca ussāhañca satiñca sampajaññañca upaṭṭhapetvā āyasmantaṃ nāgasenaṃ etadavoca ‘‘bhante nāgasena, kiṃ pana buddho tayā diṭṭho’’ti. ‘‘Na hi, mahārājā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana te ācariyehi buddho diṭṭho’’ti? ‘‘Na hi, mahārājā’’ti. ‘‘Bhante nāgasena, na kira tayā buddho diṭṭho, nāpi kira te ācariyehi buddho diṭṭho, tena hi, bhante nāgasena, natthi buddho, na hettha buddho paññāyatī’’ti.

‘‘Atthi pana te, mahārāja, pubbakā khattiyā, ye te tava khattiyavaṃsassa pubbaṅgamā’’ti? ‘‘Āma, bhante. Ko saṃsayo, atthi pubbakā khattiyā, ye mama khattiyavaṃsassa pubbaṅgamā’’ti. ‘‘Diṭṭhapubbā tayā, mahārāja, pubbakā khattiyā’’ti? ‘‘Na hi bhante’’ti. ‘‘Ye pana taṃ, mahārāja, anusāsanti purohitā senāpatino akkhadassā mahāmattā, tehi pubbakā khattiyā diṭṭhapubbā’’ti? ‘‘Na hi bhante’’ti. ‘‘Yadi pana te, mahārāja, pubbakā khattiyā na diṭṭhā, nāpi kira te anusāsakehi pubbakā khattiyā diṭṭhā, tena hi natthi pubbakā khattiyā, na hettha pubbakā khattiyā paññāyantī’’ti.

‘‘Dissanti, bhante nāgasena, pubbakānaṃ khattiyānaṃ anubhūtāni paribhogabhaṇḍāni. Seyyathidaṃ, setacchattaṃ uṇhīsaṃ pādukā vālabījanī khaggaratanaṃ mahārahāni ca sayanāni. Yehi mayaṃ jāneyyāma saddaheyyāma ‘atthi pubbakā khattiyā’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, mahārāja, mayampetaṃ bhagavantaṃ jāneyyāma saddaheyyāma. Atthi taṃ kāraṇaṃ, yena mayaṃ kāraṇena jāneyyāma saddaheyyāma ‘atthi so bhagavā’ti. Katamaṃ taṃ kāraṇaṃ? Atthi kho, mahārāja, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena anubhūtāni paribhogabhaṇḍāni. Seyyathidaṃ, cattāro satipaṭṭhānā cattāro sammappadhānā cattāro iddhipādā pañcindriyāni pañca balāni satta bojjhaṅgā ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, yehi sadevako loko jānāti saddahati ‘atthi so bhagavā’ti. Iminā, mahārāja, kāraṇena iminā hetunā iminā nayena iminā anumānena ñātabbo ‘atthi so bhagavā’ti.

‘‘‘Bahū jane tārayitvā, nibbuto upadhikkhaye;

Anumānena ñātabbaṃ, atthi so dvipaduttamo’’’ti.

‘‘Bhante nāgasena, opammaṃ karohī’’ti. ‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, nagaravaḍḍhakī nagaraṃ māpetukāmo paṭhamaṃ tāva samaṃ anunnatamanonataṃ asakkharapāsāṇaṃ nirupaddavamanavajjaṃ ramaṇīyaṃ bhūmibhāgaṃ anuviloketvā yaṃ tattha visamaṃ, taṃ samaṃ kārāpetvā khāṇukaṇṭakaṃ visodhāpetvā tattha nagaraṃ māpeyya sobhanaṃ vibhattaṃ bhāgaso mitaṃ ukkiṇṇaparikhāpākāraṃ daḷhagopuraṭṭālakoṭṭakaṃ puthucaccaracatukkasandhisiṅghāṭakaṃ sucisamatalarājamaggaṃ suvibhattaantarāpaṇaṃ ārāmuyyānataḷākapokkharaṇiudapānasampannaṃ bahuvidhadevaṭṭhānappaṭimaṇḍitaṃ sabbadosavirahitaṃ, so tasmiṃ nagare sabbathā vepullattaṃ patte aññaṃ desaṃ upagaccheyya, atha taṃ nagaraṃ aparena samayena iddhaṃ bhaveyya phītaṃ subhikkhaṃ khemaṃ samiddhaṃ sivaṃ anītikaṃ nirupaddavaṃ nānājanasamākulaṃ, puthū khattiyā brāhmaṇā vessā suddā hatthārohā assārohā rathikā pattikā dhanuggahā tharuggahā celakā calakā piṇḍadāyakā uggā rājaputtā pakkhandino mahānāgā sūrā vammino yodhino dāsikaputtā bhaṭiputtā mallakā gaṇakā āḷārikā sūdā kappakā nahāpakā cundā mālākārā suvaṇṇakārā sajjhukārā sīsakārā tipukārā lohakārā vaṭṭakārā ayokārā maṇikārā pesakārā kumbhakārā veṇukārā loṇakārā cammakārā rathakārā dantakārā rajjukārā kocchakārā suttakārā vilīvakārā dhanukārā jiyakārā usukārā cittakārā raṅgakārā rajakā tantavāyā tunnavāyā heraññikā dussikā gandhikā tiṇahārakā kaṭṭhahārakā bhatakā paṇṇikā phalikā mūlikā odanikā pūvikā macchikā maṃsikā majjikā naṭakā naccakā laṅghakā indajālikā vetālikā mallā chavaḍāhakā pupphachaḍḍakā venā nesādā gaṇikā lāsikā kumbhadāsiyo sakkayavanacīnavilātā ujjenakā bhārukacchakā kāsikosalā parantakā māgadhakā sāketakā soreyyakā pāveyyakā koṭumbaramāthurakā alasandakasmīragandhārā taṃ nagaraṃ vāsāya upagatā nānāvisayino janā navaṃ suvibhattaṃ adosamanavajjaṃ ramaṇīyaṃ taṃ nagaraṃ passitvā anumānena jānanti ‘cheko vata bho so nagaravaḍḍhakī, yo imassa nagarassa māpetā’ti. Evameva kho, mahārāja, so bhagavā asamo asamasamo appaṭisamo asadiso atulo asaṅkhyeyo appameyyo aparimeyyo amitaguṇo guṇapāramippatto anantadhiti anantatejo anantavīriyo anantabalo buddhabalapāramiṃ gato sasenamāraṃ parājetvā diṭṭhijālaṃ padāletvā avijjaṃ khepetvā vijjaṃ uppādetvā dhammukkaṃ dhārayitvā sabbaññutaṃ pāpuṇitvā vijitasaṅgāmo dhammanagaraṃ māpesi.

‘‘Bhagavato kho, mahārāja, dhammanagaraṃ sīlapākāraṃ hiriparikhaṃ ñāṇadvārakoṭṭhakaṃ vīriyaaṭṭālakaṃ saddhāesikaṃ satidovārikaṃ paññāpāsādaṃ suttantacaccaraṃ abhidhammasiṅghāṭakaṃ vinayavinicchayaṃ satipaṭṭhānavīthikaṃ, tassa kho pana, mahārāja, satipaṭṭhānavīthiyaṃ evarūpā āpaṇā pasāritā honti. Seyyathīdaṃ, pupphāpaṇaṃ gandhāpaṇaṃ phalāpaṇaṃ agadāpaṇaṃ osadhāpaṇaṃ amatāpaṇaṃ ratanāpaṇaṃ sabbāpaṇa’’nti.

‘‘Bhante nāgasena, katamaṃ buddhassa bhagavato pupphāpaṇa’’nti? ‘‘Atthi kho pana, mahārāja, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ārammaṇavibhattiyo akkhātā. Seyyathīdaṃ, aniccasaññā dukkhasaññā anattasaññā asubhasaññā ādīnavasaññā pahānasaññā virāgasaññā nirodhasaññā sabbaloke anabhiratisaññā sabbasaṅkhāresu aniccasaññā ānāpānassati uddhumātakasaññā vinīlakasaññā vipubbakasaññā vicchiddakasaññā vikkhāyitakasaññā vikkhittakasaññā hatavikkhittakasaññā lohitakasaññā puḷavakasaññā aṭṭhikasaññā mettāsaññā karuṇāsaññā muditāsaññā upekkhāsaññā maraṇānussati kāyagatāsati, ime kho, mahārāja, buddhena bhagavatā ārammaṇavibhattiyo akkhātā. Tattha yo koci jarāmaraṇā muccitukāmo, so tesu aññataraṃ ārammaṇaṃ gaṇhāti, tena ārammaṇena rāgā vimuccati, dosā vimuccati, mohā vimuccati, mānato vimuccati, diṭṭhito vimuccati, saṃsāraṃ tarati, taṇhāsotaṃ nivāreti, tividhaṃ malaṃ visodheti, sabbakilese upahantvā amalaṃ virajaṃ suddhaṃ paṇḍaraṃ ajātiṃ ajaraṃ amaraṃ sukhaṃ sītibhūtaṃ abhayaṃ nagaruttamaṃ nibbānanagaraṃ pavisitvā arahatte cittaṃ vimoceti, idaṃ vuccati mahārāja ‘bhagavato pupphāpaṇa’nti.

‘‘‘Kammamūlaṃ gahetvāna, āpaṇaṃ upagacchatha;

Ārammaṇaṃ kiṇitvāna, tato muccatha muttiyā’’’ti.

‘‘Bhante nāgasena, katamaṃ buddhassa bhagavato gandhāpaṇa’’nti? ‘‘Atthi kho pana, mahārāja, tena bhagavatā sīlavibhattiyo akkhātā, yena sīlagandhena anulittā bhagavato puttā sadevakaṃ lokaṃ sīlagandhena dhūpenti sampadhūpenti, disampi anudisampi anuvātampi paṭivātampi vāyanti ativāyanti, pharitvā tiṭṭhanti. Katamā tā sīlavibhattiyo? Saraṇasīlaṃ pañcaṅgasīlaṃ aṭṭhaṅgasīlaṃ dasaṅgasīlaṃ pañcuddesapariyāpannaṃ pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, mahārāja, ‘bhagavato gandhāpaṇa’nti. Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavatā devātidevena –

‘‘‘Na pupphagandho paṭivātameti, na candanaṃ taggaramallikā vā;

Satañca gandho paṭivātameti, sabbā disā sappuriso pavāyati .

‘‘‘Candanaṃ tagaraṃ vāpi, uppalaṃ atha vassikī;

Etesaṃ gandhajātānaṃ, sīlagandho anuttaro.

‘‘‘Appamatto ayaṃ gandho, yvāyaṃ tagaracandanaṃ;

Yo ca sīlavataṃ gandho, vāti devesu uttamo’’’ti.

‘‘Bhante nāgasena, katamaṃ buddhassa bhagavato phalāpaṇa’’nti? ‘‘Phalāni kho, mahārāja, bhagavatā akkhātāni. Seyyathīdaṃ, sotāpattiphalaṃ sakadāgāmiphalaṃ anāgāmiphalaṃ arahattaphalaṃ suññataphalasamāpatti animittaphalasamāpatti appaṇihitaphalasamāpatti. Tattha yo koci yaṃ phalaṃ icchati, so kammamūlaṃ datvā patthitaṃ phalaṃ kiṇāti. Yadi sotāpattiphalaṃ, yadi sakadāgāmiphalaṃ, yadi anāgāmiphalaṃ, yadi arahattaphalaṃ, yadi suññataphalasamāpattiṃ, yadi animittaphalasamāpattiṃ, yadi appaṇihitaphalasamāpattiṃ. Yathā, mahārāja, kassaci purisassa dhuvaphalo ambo bhaveyya, so na tāva tato phalāni pāteti, yāva kayikā na āgacchanti, anuppatte pana kayike mūlaṃ gahetvā evaṃ ācikkhati ‘ambho purisa eso kho dhuvaphalo ambo, tato yaṃ icchasi, ettakaṃ phalaṃ gaṇhāhi salāṭukaṃ vā dovilaṃ vā kesikaṃ vā āmaṃ vā pakkaṃ vā’ti, so tena attanā dinnamūlena yadi salāṭukaṃ icchati, salāṭukaṃ gaṇhāti, yadi dovilaṃ icchati, dovilaṃ gaṇhāti, yadi kesikaṃ icchati, kesikaṃ gaṇhāti, yadi āmakaṃ icchati, āmakaṃ gaṇhāti, yadi pakkaṃ icchati, pakkaṃ gaṇhāti. Evameva kho, mahārāja, yo yaṃ phalaṃ icchati, so kammamūlaṃ datvā patthitaṃ phalaṃ gaṇhāti, yadi sotāpattiphalaṃ…pe… yadi appaṇihitaphalasamāpattiṃ, idaṃ vuccati, mahārāja, ‘bhagavato phalāpaṇa’nti.

‘‘‘Kammamūlaṃ janā datvā, gaṇhanti amatamphalaṃ;

Tena te sukhitā honti, ye kītā amatapphala’’’nti.

‘‘Bhante nāgasena, katamaṃ buddhassa bhagavato agadāpaṇa’’nti? ‘‘Agadāni kho, mahārāja, bhagavatā akkhātāni, yehi agadehi so bhagavā sadevakaṃ lokaṃ kilesavisato parimoceti. Katamāni pana tāni agadāni? Yānimāni, mahārāja, bhagavatā cattāri ariyasaccāni akkhātāni. Seyyathīdaṃ, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ, tattha ye keci aññāpekkhā catusaccaṃ dhammaṃ suṇanti, te jātiyā parimuccanti, jarāya parimuccanti, maraṇā parimuccanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsehi parimuccanti, idaṃ vuccati mahārāja ‘bhagavato agadāpaṇa’nti.

‘‘‘Ye keci agadā loke , visānaṃ paṭibāhakā;

Dhammāgadasamaṃ natthi, etaṃ pivatha bhikkhavo’’’ti.

‘‘Bhante nāgasena, katamaṃ buddhassa bhagavato osadhāpaṇa’’nti? ‘‘Osadhāni kho, mahārāja, bhagavatā akkhātāni, yehi osadhehi so bhagavā devamanusse tikicchati. Seyyathīdaṃ, cattāro satipaṭṭhānā cattāro sammappadhānā cattāro iddhipādā pañcindriyāni pañca balāni satta bojjhaṅgā ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, etehi osadhehi bhagavā micchādiṭṭhiṃ vireceti, micchāsaṅkappaṃ vireceti, micchāvācaṃ vireceti, micchākammantaṃ vireceti, micchāājīvaṃ vireceti, micchāvāyāmaṃ vireceti, micchāsatiṃ vireceti, micchāsamādhiṃ vireceti, lobhavamanaṃ kāreti, dosavamanaṃ kāreti, mohavamanaṃ kāreti, mānavamanaṃ kāreti, diṭṭhivamanaṃ kāreti, vicikicchāvamanaṃ kāreti, uddhaccavamanaṃ kāreti, thinamiddhavamanaṃ kāreti, ahirikānottappavamanaṃ kāreti, sabbakilesavamanaṃ kāreti, idaṃ vuccati, mahārāja, ‘bhagavato osadhāpaṇa’nti.

‘‘‘Ye keci osadhā loke, vijjanti vividhā bahū;

Dhammosadhasamaṃ natthi, etaṃ pivatha bhikkhavo.

‘‘‘Dhammosadhaṃ pivitvāna, ajarāmaraṇā siyuṃ;

Bhāvayitvā ca passitvā, nibbutā upadhikkhaye’’’ti.

‘‘Bhante nāgasena, katamaṃ buddhassa bhagavato amatāpaṇa’’nti? ‘‘Amataṃ kho, mahārāja, bhagavatā akkhātaṃ, yena amatena so bhagavā sadevakaṃ lokaṃ abhisiñci, yena amatena abhisittā devamanussā jātijarābyādhimaraṇasokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsehi parimucciṃsu. Katamaṃ taṃ amataṃ? Yadidaṃ kāyagatāsati. Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavatā devātidevena ‘amataṃ te, bhikkhave, paribhuñjanti, ye kāyagatāsatiṃ paribhuñjantī’ti. Idaṃ vuccati, mahārāja, ‘bhagavato amatāpaṇa’nti.

‘‘‘Byādhitaṃ janataṃ disvā, amatāpaṇaṃ pasārayi;

Kammena taṃ kiṇitvāna, amataṃ ādetha bhikkhavo’’’ti.

‘‘Bhante nāgasena, katamaṃ buddhassa bhagavato ratanāpaṇa’’nti? ‘‘Ratanāni kho, mahārāja, bhagavatā akkhātāni, yehi ratanehi vibhūsitā bhagavato puttā sadevakaṃ lokaṃ virocanti obhāsenti pabhāsenti jalanti pajjalanti uddhaṃ adho tiriyaṃ ālokaṃ dassenti. Katamāni tāni ratanāni? Sīlaratanaṃ samādhiratanaṃ paññāratanaṃ vimuttiratanaṃ vimuttiñāṇadassanaratanaṃ paṭisambhidāratanaṃ bojjhaṅgaratanaṃ.

‘‘Katamaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavato sīlaratanaṃ? Pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlaṃ indriyasaṃvarasīlaṃ ājīvapārisuddhisīlaṃ paccayasannissitasīlaṃ cūḷasīlaṃ majjhimasīlaṃ mahāsīlaṃ maggasīlaṃ phalasīlaṃ. Sīlaratanena kho, mahārāja, vibhūsitassa puggalassa sadevako loko samārako sabrahmako sassamaṇabrāhmaṇī pajā pihayati pattheti, sīlaratanapiḷandho kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu disampi anudisampi uddhampi adhopi tiriyampi virocati ativirocati , heṭṭhato avīciṃ uparito bhavaggaṃ upādāya etthantare sabbaratanāni atikkamitvā abhibhavitvā ajjhottharitvā tiṭṭhati, evarūpāni kho, mahārāja, sīlaratanāni bhagavato ratanāpaṇe pasāritāni, idaṃ vuccati mahārāja ‘bhagavato sīlaratana’nti.

‘‘‘Evarūpāni sīlāni, santi buddhassa āpaṇe;

Kammena taṃ kiṇitvāna, ratanaṃ vo piḷandhathā’ti.

‘‘Katamaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavato samādhiratanaṃ? Savitakkasavicāro samādhi, avitakkavicāramatto samādhi, avitakkaavicāro samādhi, suññato samādhi, animitto samādhi, appaṇihito samādhi. Samādhiratanaṃ kho, mahārāja, piḷandhassa bhikkhuno ye te kāmavitakkabyāpādavitakkavihiṃsāvitakkamānuddhaccadiṭṭhivicikicchākilesavatthūni vividhāni ca kuvitakkāni, te sabbe samādhiṃ āsajja vikiranti vidhamanti viddhaṃsanti na saṇṭhanti na upalimpanti . Yathā, mahārāja, vāri pokkharapatte vikirati vidhamati viddhaṃsati na saṇṭhāti na upalimpati. Taṃ kissa hetu? Parisuddhattā padumassa. Evameva kho, mahārāja, samādhiratanaṃ piḷandhassa bhikkhuno ye te kāmavitakkabyāpādavitakkavihiṃsāvitakkamānuddhacca diṭṭhivicikicchākilesavatthūni vividhāni ca kuvitakkāni, te sabbe samādhiṃ āsajja vikiranti vidhamanti viddhaṃsanti na saṇṭhanti na upalimpanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Parisuddhattā samādhissa. Idaṃ vuccati, mahārāja, ‘bhagavato samādhiratana’nti, evarūpāni kho, mahārāja, samādhiratanāni bhagavato ratanāpaṇe pasāritāni.

‘‘‘Samādhiratanamālassa, kuvitakkā na jāyare;

Na ca vikkhipate cittaṃ, etaṃ tumhe piḷandhathā’ti.

‘‘Katamaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavato paññāratanaṃ? Yāya, mahārāja, paññāya ariyasāvako ‘idaṃ kusala’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘idaṃ akusala’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘idaṃ sāvajjaṃ, idaṃ anavajjaṃ, idaṃ sevitabbaṃ, idaṃ na sevitabbaṃ, idaṃ hīnaṃ, idaṃ paṇītaṃ, idaṃ kaṇhaṃ, idaṃ sukkaṃ, idaṃ kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāga’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Idaṃ vuccati mahārāja ‘bhagavato paññāratana’nti.

‘‘‘Paññāratanamālassa, na ciraṃ vattate bhavo;

Khippaṃ phasseti amataṃ, na ca so rocate bhave’ti.

‘‘Katamaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavato vimuttiratanaṃ’’? ‘‘Vimuttiratanaṃ kho, mahārāja, arahattaṃ vuccati, arahattaṃ patto kho, mahārāja, bhikkhu ‘vimuttiratanaṃ piḷandho’ti vuccati. Yathā, mahārāja, puriso muttākalāpamaṇikalāpapavāḷakalāpābharaṇappaṭimaṇḍito agalutagaratālīsakalohitacandanānulittagatto nāgapunnāgasālasalaḷacampakayūthikātimuttakapāṭaluppalavassikamallikāvicitto sesajane atikkamitvā virocati ativirocati obhāsati pabhāsati sampabhāsati jalati pajjalati abhibhavati ajjhottharati mālāgandharatanābharaṇehi, evameva kho, mahārāja, arahattaṃ patto khīṇāsavo vimuttiratanapiḷandho upādāyupādāya vimuttānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ atikkamitvā samatikkamitvā virocati ativirocati obhāsati pabhāsati sampabhāsati jalati pajjalati abhibhavati ajjhottharati vimuttiyā. Taṃ kissa hetu? Aggaṃ, mahārāja, etaṃ piḷandhanaṃ sabbapiḷandhanānaṃ, yadidaṃ vimuttipiḷandhanaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, mahārāja, ‘bhagavato vimuttiratana’nti.

‘‘‘Maṇimālādharaṃ geha, jano sāmiṃ udikkhati;

Vimuttiratanamālantu, udikkhanti sadevakā’ti.

‘‘Katamaṃ mahārāja, bhagavato vimuttiñāṇadassanaratanaṃ? Paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavato vimuttiñāṇadassanaratananti vuccati, yena ñāṇena ariyasāvako maggaphalanibbānāni pahīnakilesāvasiṭṭhakilese ca paccavekkhati.

‘‘‘Ye ñāṇena bujjhanti, ariyā katakiccataṃ;

Taṃ ñāṇaratanaṃ laddhuṃ, vāyametha jinorasā’ti.

‘‘Katamaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavato paṭisambhidāratanaṃ? Catasso kho, mahārāja, paṭisambhidāyo atthapaṭisambhidā dhammapaṭisambhidā niruttipaṭisambhidā paṭibhānapaṭisambhidāti. Imehi kho, mahārāja, catūhi paṭisambhidāratanehi samalaṅkato bhikkhu yaṃ yaṃ parisaṃ upasaṅkamati, yadi khattiyaparisaṃ, yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṃ, yadi gahapatiparisaṃ, yadi samaṇaparisaṃ, visārado upasaṅkamati amaṅkubhūto abhīru acchambhī anutrāsī vigatalomahaṃso parisaṃ upasaṅkamati.

‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, yodho saṅgāmasūro sannaddhapañcāvudho acchambhito saṅgāmaṃ otarati, ‘sace amittā dūre bhavissanti usunā pātayissāmi, tato orato bhavissanti sattiyā paharissāmi, tato orato bhavissanti kaṇayena paharissāmi, upagataṃ santaṃ maṇḍalaggena dvidhā chindissāmi, kāyūpagataṃ churikāya vinivijjhissāmī’ti , evameva kho, mahārāja, catupaṭisambhidāratanamaṇḍito bhikkhu acchambhito parisaṃ upasaṅkamati. Yo koci maṃ atthapaṭisambhide pañhaṃ pucchissati, tassa atthena atthaṃ kathayissāmi, kāraṇena kāraṇaṃ kathayissāmi, hetunā hetuṃ kathayissāmi, nayena nayaṃ kathayissāmi, nissaṃsayaṃ karissāmi, vimatiṃ vivecessāmi, tosayissāmi pañhaveyyākaraṇena.

‘‘Yo koci maṃ dhammapaṭisambhide pañhaṃ pucchissati, tassa dhammena dhammaṃ kathayissāmi, amatena amataṃ kathayissāmi, asaṅkhatena asaṅkhataṃ kathayissāmi, nibbānena nibbānaṃ kathayissāmi, suññatena suññataṃ kathayissāmi, animittena animittaṃ kathayissāmi, appaṇihitena appaṇihitaṃ kathayissāmi, anejena anejaṃ kathayissāmi, nissaṃsayaṃ karissāmi, vimatiṃ vivecessāmi, tosayissāmi pañhāveyyākaraṇena.

‘‘Yo koci maṃ niruttipaṭisambhide pañhaṃ pucchissati, tassa niruttiyā niruttiṃ kathayissāmi, padena padaṃ kathayissāmi, anupadena anupadaṃ kathayissāmi, akkharena akkharaṃ kathayissāmi, sandhiyā sandhiṃ kathayissāmi, byañjanena byañjanaṃ kathayissāmi, anubyañjanena anubyañjanaṃ kathayissāmi, vaṇṇena vaṇṇaṃ kathayissāmi, sarena saraṃ kathayissāmi, paññattiyā paññattiṃ kathayissāmi, vohārena vohāraṃ kathayissāmi, nissaṃsayaṃ karissāmi, vimatiṃ vivecessāmi, tosayissāmi pañhaveyyākaraṇena.

‘‘Yo koci maṃ paṭibhānapaṭisambhide pañhaṃ pucchissati, tassa paṭibhānena paṭibhānaṃ kathayissāmi, opammena opammaṃ kathayissāmi, lakkhaṇena lakkhaṇaṃ kathayissāmi, rasena rasaṃ kathayissāmi, nissaṃsayaṃ karissāmi, vimatiṃ vivecessāmi, tosayissāmi pañhaveyyākaraṇenāti, idaṃ vuccati, mahārāja, ‘bhagavato paṭisambhidāratana’nti.

‘‘‘Paṭisambhidā kiṇitvāna, ñāṇena phassayeyya yo;

Acchambhito anubbiggo, atirocati sadevake’ti.

‘‘Katamaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavato bojjhaṅgaratanaṃ? Sattime, mahārāja, bojjhaṅgā, satisambojjhaṅgo dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo pītisambojjhaṅgo passaddhisambojjhaṅgo samādhisambojjhaṅgo upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo. Imehi kho, mahārāja, sattahi bojjhaṅgaratanehi paṭimaṇḍito bhikkhu sabbaṃ tamaṃ abhibhuyya sadevakaṃ lokaṃ obhāseti pabhāseti ālokaṃ janeti. Idaṃ vuccati, mahārāja, ‘bhagavato bojjhaṅgaratana’nti.

‘‘‘Bojjhaṅgaratanamālassa, uṭṭhahanti sadevakā;

Kammena taṃ kiṇitvāna, ratanaṃ vo piḷandhathā’’’ti.

‘‘Bhante nāgasena, katamaṃ buddhassa bhagavato sabbāpaṇa’’nti? ‘‘Sabbāpaṇaṃ kho, mahārāja, bhagavato navaṅgaṃ buddhavacanaṃ sārīrikāni pāribhogikāni cetiyāni saṅgharatanañca. Sabbāpaṇe, mahārāja, bhagavatā jātisampatti pasāritā, bhogasampatti pasāritā, āyusampatti pasāritā, ārogyasampatti pasāritā, vaṇṇasampatti pasāritā, paññāsampatti pasāritā, mānusikasampatti pasāritā, dibbasampatti pasāritā, nibbānasampatti pasāritā. Tattha ye taṃ taṃ sampattiṃ icchanti, te kammamūlaṃ datvā patthitapatthitaṃ sampattiṃ kiṇanti, keci sīlasamādānena kiṇanti, keci uposathakammena kiṇanti, appamattakenapi kammamūlena upādāyupādāya sampattiyo paṭilabhanti. Yathā, mahārāja, āpaṇikassa āpaṇe tilamuggamāse parittakenapi taṇḍulamuggamāsena appakenapi mūlena upādāyupādāya gaṇhanti, evameva kho, mahārāja, bhagavato sabbāpaṇe appamattakenapi kammamūlena upādāyupādāya sampattiyo paṭilabhanti. Idaṃ vuccati, mahārāja, ‘bhagavato sabbāpaṇa’nti.

‘‘‘Āyu arogatā vaṇṇaṃ, saggaṃ uccākulīnatā;

Asaṅkhatañca amataṃ, atthi sabbāpaṇe jine.

‘‘‘Appena bahukenāpi, kammamūlena gayhati;

Kiṇitvā saddhāmūlena, samiddhā hotha bhikkhavo’ti.

‘‘Bhagavato kho, mahārāja, dhammanagare evarūpā janā paṭivasanti, suttantikā venayikā ābhidhammikā dhammakathikā jātakabhāṇakā dīghabhāṇakā majjhimabhāṇakā saṃyuttabhāṇakā aṅguttarabhāṇakā khuddakabhāṇakā sīlasampannā samādhisampannā paññāsampannā bojjhaṅgabhāvanāratā vipassakā sadatthamanuyuttā āraññikā rukkhamūlikā abbhokāsikā palālapuñjikā sosānikā nesajjikā paṭipannakā phalaṭṭhā sekkhā phalasamaṅgino sotāpannā sakadāgāmino anāgāmino arahanto tevijjā chaḷabhiññā iddhimanto paññāya pāramiṃgatā satipaṭṭhānasammappadhānaiddhipādaindriyabalabojjhaṅgamaggavarajhānavimokkharū pārūpasantasukhasamāpattikusalā, tehi arahantehi ākulaṃ samākulaṃ ākiṇṇaṃ samākiṇṇaṃ naḷavanasaravanamiva dhammanagaraṃ ahosi. Bhavatīha –

‘‘‘Vītarāgā vītadosā, vītamohā anāsavā;

Vītataṇhā anādānā, dhammanagare vasanti te.

‘‘‘Āraññikā dhutadharā, jhāyino lūkhacīvarā;

Vivekābhiratā dhīrā, dhammanagare vasanti te.

‘‘‘Nesajjikā santhatikā, athopi ṭhānacaṅkamā;

Paṃsukūladharā sabbe, dhammanagare vasanti te.

‘‘‘Ticīvaradharā santā, cammakhaṇḍacatutthakā;

Ratā ekāsane viññū, dhammanagare vasanti te.

‘‘‘Appicchā nipakā dhīrā, appāhārā alolupā;

Lābhālābhena santuṭṭhā, dhammanagare vasanti te.

‘‘‘Jhāyī jhānaratā dhīrā, santacittā samāhitā;

Ākiñcaññaṃ patthayānā, dhammanagare vasanti te.

‘‘‘Paṭipannā phalaṭṭhā ca, sekkhā phalasamaṅgino;

Āsīsakā uttamatthaṃ, dhammanagare vasanti te.

‘‘‘Sotāpannā ca vimalā, sakadāgāmino ca ye;

Anāgāmī ca arahanto, dhammanagare vasanti te.

‘‘‘Satipaṭṭhānakusalā, bojjhaṅgabhāvanāratā;

Vipassakā dhammadharā, dhammanagare vasanti te.

‘‘‘Iddhipādesu kusalā, samādhibhāvanāratā;

Sammappadhānānuyuttā, dhammanagare vasanti te.

‘‘‘Abhiññāpāramippattā, pettike gocare ratā;

Antalikkhamhi caraṇā, dhammanagare vasanti te.

‘‘‘Okkhittacakkhū mitabhāṇī, guttadvārā susaṃvutā;

Sudantā uttame damme , dhammanagare vasanti te.

‘‘‘Tevijjā chaḷabhiññā ca, iddhiyā pāramiṃ gatā;

Paññāya pāramippattā, dhammanagare vasanti te’ti.

‘‘Ye kho te, mahārāja, bhikkhū aparimitañāṇavaradharā asaṅgā atulaguṇā atulayasā atulabalā atulatejā dhammacakkānuppavattakā paññāpāramiṃ gatā, evarūpā kho, mahārāja, bhikkhū bhagavato dhammanagare ‘dhammasenāpatino’ti vuccanti.

‘‘Ye pana te, mahārāja, bhikkhū iddhimanto adhigatappaṭisambhidāpattavesārajjā gaganacarā durāsadā duppasahā anālambacarā sasāgaramahidharapathavikampako candasūriyaparimajjakā vikubbanādhiṭṭhānābhinīhārakusalā iddhiyā pāramiṃ gatā, evarūpā kho, mahārāja, bhikkhū bhagavato dhammanagare ‘purohitā’ti vuccanti.

‘‘Ye pana te, mahārāja, bhikkhū dhutaṅgamanugatā appicchā santuṭṭhā viññattimanesanajigucchakā piṇḍāya sapadānacārino bhamarāva gandhamanughāyitvā pavisanti vivittakānanaṃ, kāye ca jīvite ca nirapekkhā arahattamanuppattā dhutaṅgaguṇe agganikkhittā, evarūpā kho, mahārāja, bhikkhū bhagavato dhammanagare ‘akkhadassā’ti vuccanti.

‘‘Ye pana te, mahārāja, bhikkhū parisuddhā vimalā nikkilesā cutūpapātakusalā dibbacakkhumhi pāramiṃ gatā, evarūpā kho, mahārāja, bhikkhū bhagavato dhammanagare ‘nagarajotakā’ti vuccanti.

‘‘Ye pana te, mahārāja, bhikkhū bahussutā āgatāgamā dhammadharā vinayadharā mātikādharā sithiladhanitadīgharassagarukalahukakkharaparicchedakusalā navaṅgasāsanadharā, evarūpā kho, mahārāja, bhikkhū bhagavato dhammanagare ‘dhammarakkhā’ti vuccanti.

‘‘Ye pana te, mahārāja, bhikkhū vinayaññū vinayakovidā ṭhānāṭṭhānakusalā āpattānāpattigarukalahukasatekicchaatekicchavuṭṭhānadesanāniggaha- paṭikammaosāraṇanissāraṇapaṭisāraṇakusalā vinaye pāramiṃ gatā, evarūpā kho, mahārāja, bhikkhū bhagavato dhammanagare ‘rūparakkhā’ti vuccanti.

‘‘Ye pana te, mahārāja, bhikkhū vimuttivarakusumamālabaddhā varapavaramahagghaseṭṭhabhāvamanuppattā bahujanakantamabhipatthitā, evarūpā kho, mahārāja, bhikkhū bhagavato dhammanagare ‘pupphāpaṇikā’ti vuccanti.

‘‘Ye pana te, mahārāja, bhikkhū catusaccābhisamayappaṭividdhā diṭṭhasaccā viññātasāsanā catūsu sāmaññaphalesu tiṇṇavicikicchā paṭiladdhaphalasukhā aññesampi paṭipannānaṃ te phale saṃvibhajanti, evarūpā kho, mahārāja, bhikkhū bhagavato dhammanagare ‘phalāpaṇikā’ti vuccanti.

‘‘Ye pana te, mahārāja, bhikkhū sīlasaṃvaragandhamanulittā anekavidhabahuguṇadharā kilesamaladuggandhavidhamakā, evarūpā kho, mahārāja, bhikkhū bhagavato dhammanagare ‘gandhāpaṇikā’ti vuccanti.

‘‘Ye pana te, mahārāja, bhikkhū dhammakāmā piyasamudāhārā abhidhamme abhivinaye uḷārapāmojjā araññagatāpi rukkhamūlagatāpi suññāgāragatāpi dhammavararasaṃ pivanti, kāyena vācāya manasā dhammavararasamogāḷhā adhimattapaṭibhānā dhammesu dhammesanappaṭipannā ito vā tato vā yattha yattha appicchakathā santuṭṭhikathā pavivekakathā asaṃsaggakathā vīriyārambhakathā sīlakathā samādhikathā paññākathā vimuttikathā vimuttiñāṇadassanakathā, tattha tattha gantvā taṃ taṃ kathārasaṃ pivanti, evarūpā kho, mahārāja, bhikkhū bhagavato dhammanagare ‘soṇḍā pipāsā’ti vuccanti.

‘‘Ye pana te, mahārāja, bhikkhū pubbarattāpararattaṃ jāgariyānuyogamanuyuttā nisajjaṭṭhānacaṅkamehi rattindivaṃ vītināmenti, bhāvanānuyogamanuyuttā kilesapaṭibāhanāya sadatthappasutā, evarūpā kho, mahārāja, bhikkhū bhagavato dhammanagare ‘nagaraguttikā’ti vuccanti.

‘‘Ye pana te, mahārāja, bhikkhū navaṅgaṃ buddhavacanaṃ atthato ca byañjanato ca nayato ca kāraṇato ca hetuto ca udāharaṇato ca vācenti anuvācenti bhāsanti anubhāsanti, evarūpā kho, mahārāja, bhikkhū bhagavato dhammanagare ‘dhammāpaṇikā’ti vuccanti.

‘‘Ye pana te, mahārāja, bhikkhū dhammaratanabhogena āgamapariyattisutabhogena bhogino dhanino niddiṭṭhasarabyañjanalakkhaṇappaṭivedhā viññū pharaṇā, evarūpā kho, mahārāja, bhikkhū bhagavato dhammanagare ‘dhammaseṭṭhino’ti vuccanti.

‘‘Ye pana te, mahārāja, bhikkhū uḷāradesanāpaṭivedhā pariciṇṇārammaṇavibhattiniddesā sikkhāguṇapāramippattā, evarūpā kho, mahārāja, bhikkhū bhagavato dhammanagare ‘vissutadhammikā’ti vuccanti.

‘‘Evaṃ suvibhattaṃ kho, mahārāja, bhagavato dhammanagaraṃ evaṃ sumāpitaṃ evaṃ suvihitaṃ evaṃ suparipūritaṃ evaṃ suvavatthāpitaṃ evaṃ surakkhitaṃ evaṃ sugopitaṃ evaṃ duppasayhaṃ paccatthikehi paccāmittehi, iminā, mahārāja, kāraṇena iminā hetunā iminā nayena iminā anumānena ñātabbaṃ atthi so bhagavāti.

‘‘‘Yathāpi nagaraṃ disvā, suvibhattaṃ manoramaṃ;

Anumānena jānanti, vaḍḍhakissa mahattanaṃ.

‘‘‘Tatheva lokanāthassa, disvā dhammapuraṃ varaṃ;

Anumānena jānanti, atthi so bhagavā iti.

‘‘‘Anumānena jānanti, ūmiṃ disvāna sāgare;

Yathāyaṃ dissate ūmi, mahanto so bhavissati.

‘‘‘Tathā buddhaṃ sokanudaṃ, sabbatthamaparājitaṃ;

Taṇhakkhayamanuppattaṃ, bhavasaṃsāramocanaṃ.

‘‘‘Anumānena ñātabbaṃ, ūmiṃ disvā sadevake;

Yathā dhammūmivipphāro, aggo buddho bhavissati.

‘‘‘Anumānena jānanti, disvā accuggataṃ giriṃ;

Yathā accuggato eso, himavā so bhavissati.

‘‘‘Tathā disvā dhammagiriṃ, sītībhūtaṃ nirūpadhiṃ;

Accuggataṃ bhagavato, acalaṃ suppatiṭṭhitaṃ.

‘‘‘Anumānena ñātabbaṃ, disvāna dhammapabbataṃ;

Tathā hi so mahāvīro, aggo buddho bhavissati.

‘‘‘Yathāpi gajarājassa, padaṃ disvāna mānusā;

Anumānena jānanti, mahā eso gajo iti.

‘‘‘Tatheva buddhanāgassa, padaṃ disvā vibhāvino;

Anumānena jānanti, uḷāro so bhavissati.

‘‘‘Anumānena jānanti, bhīte disvāna kummige;

Migarājassa saddena, bhītāme kummigā iti.

‘‘‘Tatheva titthiye disvā, vitthate bhītamānase;

Anumānena ñātabbaṃ, dhammarājena gajjitaṃ.

‘‘‘Nibbutaṃ pathaviṃ disvā, haritapattaṃ mahodikaṃ;

Anumānena jānanti, mahāmeghena nibbutaṃ.

‘‘‘Tathevimaṃ janaṃ disvā, āmoditapamoditaṃ;

Anumānena ñātabbaṃ, dhammameghena tappitaṃ.

‘‘‘Laggaṃ disvā bhusaṃ paṅkaṃ, kalaladdagataṃ mahiṃ;

Anumānena jānanti, vārikkhandho mahā gato.

‘‘‘Tathevimaṃ janaṃ disvā, rajapaṅkasamohitaṃ;

Vahitaṃ dhammanadiyā, visaṭṭhaṃ dhammasāgare.

‘‘‘Dhammāmatagataṃ disvā, sadevakamimaṃ mahiṃ;

Anumānena ñātabbaṃ, dhammakkhandho mahā gato.

‘‘‘Anumānena jānanti, ghāyitvā gandhamuttamaṃ;

Yathāyaṃ vāyate gandho, hessanti pupphitā dumā.

‘‘‘Tathevāyaṃ sīlagandho, pavāyati sadevake;

Anumānena ñātabbaṃ, atthi buddho anuttaro’ti.

‘‘Evarūpena kho, mahārāja, kāraṇasatena kāraṇasahassena hetusatena hetusahassena nayasatena nayasahassena opammasatena opammasahassena sakkā buddhabalaṃ upadassayituṃ. Yathā, mahārāja, dakkho mālākāro nānāpuppharāsimhā ācariyānusiṭṭhiyā paccattapurisakārena vicittaṃ mālāguṇarāsiṃ kareyya, evameva kho, mahārāja, so bhagavā vicittapuppharāsi viya anantaguṇo appameyyaguṇo, ahametarahi jinasāsane mālākāro viya pupphaganthako pubbakānaṃ ācariyānaṃ maggenapi mayhaṃ buddhibalenapi asaṅkhyeyyenapi kāraṇena anumānena buddhabalaṃ dīpayissāmi, tvaṃ panettha chandaṃ janehi savanāyā’’ti.

‘‘Dukkaraṃ, bhante nāgasena, aññesaṃ evarūpena kāraṇena anumānena buddhabalaṃ upadassayituṃ, nibbutosmi, bhante nāgasena, tumhākaṃ paramavicittena pañhaveyyākaraṇenā’’ti.

‘‘Passatāraññake bhikkhū, ajjhogāḷhe dhute guṇe;

Puna passati gihī rājā, anāgāmiphale ṭhite.

‘‘Ubhopi te viloketvā, uppajji saṃsayo mahā;

Bujjheyya ce gihī dhamme, dhutaṅgaṃ nipphalaṃ siyā.

‘‘Paravādivādamathanaṃ, nipuṇaṃ piṭakattaye;

Handa pucche kathiseṭṭhaṃ, so me kaṅkhaṃ vinessatī’’ti.

Atha kho milindo rājā yenāyasmā nāgaseno tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ nāgasenaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi, ekamantaṃ nisinno kho milindo rājā āyasmantaṃ nāgasenaṃ etadavoca ‘‘bhante nāgasena, atthi koci gihī agāriko kāmabhogī puttadārasambādhasayanaṃ ajjhāvasanto kāsikacandanaṃ paccanubhonto mālāgandhavilepanaṃ dhārayanto jātarūparajataṃ sādiyanto maṇimuttākañcanavicittamoḷibaddho yena santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikata’’nti?

‘‘Na, mahārāja, ekaññeva sataṃ na dve satāni na tīṇi cattāri pañca satāni na sahassaṃ na satasahassaṃ na koṭisataṃ na koṭisahassaṃ na koṭisatasahassaṃ, tiṭṭhatu mahārāja dasannaṃ vīsatiyā satassa sahassassa abhisamayo, katamena te pariyāyena anuyogaṃ dammī’’ti.

‘‘Tvamevetaṃ brūhī’’ti. ‘‘Tenahi te, mahārāja, kathayissāmi satena vā sahassena vā satasahassena vā koṭiyā vā koṭisatena vā koṭisahassena vā koṭisatasahassena vā, yā kāci navaṅge buddhavacane sallekhitācārappaṭipattidhutavaraṅgaguṇanissitā thā, tā sabbā idha samosarissanti. Yathā, mahārāja, ninnunnatasamavisamathalāthaladesabhāge abhivuṭṭhaṃ udakaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ tato vinigaḷitvā mahodadhiṃ sāgaraṃ samosarati, evameva kho, mahārāja, sampādake sati yā kāci navaṅge buddhavacane sallekhitācārappaṭipattidhutaṅgaguṇadharanissitā kathā, tā sabbā idha samosarissanti.

‘‘Mayhampettha, mahārāja, paribyattatāya buddhiyā kāraṇaparidīpanaṃ samosarissati, teneso attho suvibhatto vicitto paripuṇṇo parisuddho samānīto bhavissati. Yathā, mahārāja, kusalo lekhācariyo anusiṭṭho lekhaṃ osārento attano byattatāya buddhiyā kāraṇaparidīpanena lekhaṃ paripūreti, evaṃ sā lekhā samattā paripuṇṇā anūnikā bhavissati. Evameva mayhampettha paribyattatāya buddhiyā kāraṇaparidīpanaṃ samosarissati, teneso attho suvibhatto vicitto paripuṇṇo parisuddho samānīto bhavissati.

‘‘Nagare, mahārāja, sāvatthiyā pañcakoṭimattā ariyasāvakā bhagavato upāsakaupāsikāyo sattapaṇṇāsasahassāni tīṇi ca satasahassāni anāgāmiphale patiṭṭhitā, te sabbepi gihī yeva, na pabbajitā. Puna tattheva kaṇḍambamūle yamakapāṭihāriye vīsati pāṇakoṭiyo abhisamiṃsu, puna cūḷarāhulovāde , mahāmaṅgalasuttante, samacittapariyāye, parābhavasuttante, purābhedasuttante, kalahavivādasuttante, cūḷabyūhasuttante, mahābyūhasuttante, tuvaṭakasuttante, sāriputtasuttante gaṇanapathamatītānaṃ devatānaṃ dhammābhisamayo ahosi.

‘‘Nagare rājagahe paññāsasahassāni tīṇi ca satasahassāni ariyasāvakā bhagavato upāsakaupāsikāyo, puna tattheva dhanapālahatthināgadamane navuti pāṇakoṭiyo, pārāyanasamāgame pāsāṇakacetiye cuddasa pāṇakoṭiyo, puna indasālaguhāyaṃ asīti devatākoṭiyo, puna bārāṇasiyaṃ isipatane migadāye paṭhame dhammadesane aṭṭhārasa brahmakoṭiyo aparimāṇā ca devatāyo, puna tāvatiṃsabhavane paṇḍukambalasilāyaṃ abhidhammadesanāya asīti devatākoṭiyo, devorohaṇe saṅkassanagaradvāre lokavivaraṇapāṭihāriye pasannānaṃ naramarūnaṃ tiṃsa koṭiyo abhisamiṃsu.

Puna sakkesu kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme buddhavaṃsadesanāya mahāsamayasuttantadesanāya ca gaṇanapathamatītānaṃ devatānaṃ dhammābhisamayo ahosi. Puna sumanamālākārasamāgame, garahadinnasamāgame, ānandaseṭṭhisamāgame, jambukājīvakasamāgame, maṇḍukadevaputtasamāgame, maṭṭhakuṇḍalidevaputtasamāgame, sulasānagarasobhinisamāgame, sirimānagarasobhinisamāgame, pesakāradhītusamāgame, cūḷasubhaddāsamāgame, sāketabrāhmaṇassa āḷāhanadassanasamāgame, sūnāparantakasamāgame, sakkapañhasamāgame, tirokuṭṭasamāgame , ratanasuttasamāgame paccekaṃ caturāsītiyā pāṇasahassānaṃ dhammābhisamayo ahosi, yāvatā, mahārāja, bhagavā loke aṭṭhāsi, tāva tīsu maṇḍalesu soḷasasu mahājanapadesu yattha yattha bhagavā vihāsi, tattha tattha yebhuyyena dve tayo cattāro pañca sataṃ sahassaṃ satasahassaṃ devā ca manussā ca santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikariṃsu. Ye te, mahārāja, devā gihī yeva, na te pabbajitā, etāni ceva, mahārāja, aññāni ca anekāni devatākoṭisatasahassāni gihī agārikā kāmabhogino santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikariṃsū’’ti.

‘‘Yadi, bhante nāgasena, gihī agārikā kāmabhogino santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti, atha imāni dhutaṅgāni kimatthaṃ sādhenti, tena kāraṇena dhutaṅgāni akiccakarāni honti. Yadi, bhante nāgasena, vinā mantosadhehi byādhayo vūpasamanti, kiṃ vamanavirecanādinā sarīradubbalakaraṇena? Yadi muṭṭhīhi paṭisattuniggaho bhavati, kiṃ asisattisaradhanukodaṇḍalaguḷamuggarehi? Yadi gaṇṭhikuṭilasusirakaṇṭalatāsākhā ālambitvā rukkhamabhirūhanaṃ bhavati, kiṃ dīghadaḷhanisseṇipariyesanena? Yadi thaṇḍilaseyyāya dhātusamatā bhavati, kiṃ sukhasamphassamahatimahāsirisayanapariyesanena? Yadi ekako sāsaṅkasappaṭibhayavisamakantārataraṇasamattho bhavati, kiṃ sannaddhasajjamahatimahāsatthapariyesanena? Yadi nadisaraṃ bāhunā tarituṃ samattho bhavati, kiṃ dhuvasetunāvāpariyesanena? Yadi sakasantakena ghāsacchādanaṃ kātuṃ pahoti, kiṃ parūpasevanapiyasamullāpapacchāpuredhāvanena? Yadi akhātataḷāke udakaṃ labhati, kiṃ udapānataḷākapokkharaṇikhaṇanena? Evameva kho, bhante nāgasena, yadi gihī agārikā kāmabhogino santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti, kiṃ dhutaguṇavarasamādiyanenā’’ti?

‘‘Aṭṭhavīsati kho panime, mahārāja, dhutaṅgaguṇā yathābhuccaguṇā, yehi guṇehi dhutaṅgāni sabbabuddhānaṃ pihayitāni patthitāni. Katame aṭṭhavīsati? Idha, mahārāja, dhutaṅgaṃ suddhājīvaṃ sukhaphalaṃ anavajjaṃ na paradukkhāpanaṃ abhayaṃ asampīḷanaṃ ekantavaḍḍhikaṃ aparihāniyaṃ amāyaṃ ārakkhā patthitadadaṃ sabbasattadamanaṃ saṃvarahitaṃ patirūpaṃ anissitaṃ vippamuttaṃ rāgakkhayaṃ dosakkhayaṃ mohakkhayaṃ mānappahānaṃ kuvitakkacchedanaṃ kaṅkhāvitaraṇaṃ kosajjaviddhaṃsanaṃ aratippahānaṃ khamanaṃ atulaṃ appamāṇaṃ sabbadukkhakkhayagamanaṃ, ime kho, mahārāja, aṭṭhavīsati dhutaṅgaguṇā yathābhuccaguṇā yehi guṇehi dhutaṅgāni sabbabuddhānaṃ pihayitāni patthitāni.

‘‘Ye kho te, mahārāja, dhutaguṇe sammā upasevanti, te aṭṭhārasahi guṇehi samupetā bhavanti. Katamehi aṭṭhārasahi? Ācāro tesaṃ suvisuddho hoti, paṭipadā supūritā hoti, kāyikaṃ vācasikaṃ surakkhitaṃ hoti, manosamācāro suvisuddho hoti, vīriyaṃ supaggahitaṃ hoti, bhayaṃ vūpasammati, attānudiṭṭhibyapagatā hoti, āghāto uparato hoti, mettā upaṭṭhitā hoti, āhāro pariññāto hoti, sabbasattānaṃ garukato hoti, bhojane mattaññū hoti, jāgariyamanuyutto hoti, aniketo hoti, yattha phāsu tattha vihārī hoti, pāpajegucchī hoti, vivekārāmo hoti, satataṃ appamatto hoti, ye te, mahārāja, dhutaguṇe sammā upasevanti, te imehi aṭṭhārasahi guṇehi samupetā bhavanti.

‘‘Dasa ime, mahārāja, puggalā dhutaguṇārahā. Katame dasa? Saddho hoti hirimā dhitimā akuho atthavasī alolo sikkhākāmo daḷhasamādāno anujjhānabahulo mettāvihārī, ime kho, mahārāja, dasa puggalā dhutaguṇārahā.

‘‘Ye te, mahārāja, gihī agārikā kāmabhogino santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti, sabbe te purimāsu jātīsu terasasu dhutaguṇesu katūpāsanā katabhūmikammā, te tattha cārañca paṭipattiñca sodhayitvā ajjetarahi gihī yeva santā santaṃ paramattaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti.

‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, kusalo issāso antevāsike paṭhamaṃ tāva upāsanasālāyaṃ cāpabhedacāpāropanaggahaṇamuṭṭhippaṭipīḷanaaṅgulivināmanapādaṭhapanasaraggahaṇasannahanaākaḍḍhana saddhāraṇalakkhaniyamanakhipane tiṇapurisakachakaṇa tiṇapalālamattikāpuñjaphalakalakkhavedhe anusikkhāpetvā rañño santike upāsanaṃ ārādhayitvā ājaññarathagajaturaṅgadhanadhaññahiraññasuvaṇṇadāsidāsabhariyagāmavaraṃ labhati, evameva kho, mahārāja, ye te gihī agārikā kāmabhogino santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti, te sabbe purimāsu jātīsu terasasu dhutaguṇesu katūpāsanā katabhūmikammā, te tattheva cārañca paṭipattiñca sodhayitvā ajjetarahi gihī yeva santā santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti. Na, mahārāja, dhutaguṇesu pubbāsevanaṃ vinā ekissā yeva jātiyā arahattaṃ sacchikiriyā hoti, uttamena pana vīriyena uttamāya paṭipattiyā tathārūpena ācariyena kalyāṇamittena arahattaṃ sacchikiriyā hoti.

‘‘Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, bhisakko sallakatto ācariyaṃ dhanena vā vattappaṭipattiyā vā ārādhetvā sattaggahaṇachedanalekhanavedhanasalluddharaṇavaṇadhovanasosanabhesajjānulimpanavamana virecanānuvāsanakiriyamanusikkhitvā vijjāsu katasikkho katūpāsano katahattho āture upasaṅkamati tikicchāya, evameva kho, mahārāja, ye te gihī agārikā kāmabhogino santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti, te sabbe purimāsu jātīsu terasasu dhutaguṇesu katūpāsanā katabhūmikammā, te tattheva cārañca paṭipattiñca sodhayitvā ajjetarahi gihī yeva santā santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti, na, mahārāja, dhutaguṇehi avisuddhānaṃ dhammābhisamayo hoti.

‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, udakassa asecanena bījānaṃ avirūhanaṃ hoti, evameva kho, mahārāja, dhutaguṇehi avisuddhānaṃ dhammābhisamayo na hoti.

‘‘Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, akatakusalānaṃ akatakalyāṇānaṃ sugatigamanaṃ na hoti, evameva kho, mahārāja, dhutaguṇehi avisuddhānaṃ dhammābhisamayo na hoti.

‘‘Pathavisamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ patiṭṭhānaṭṭhena. Āposamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbakilesamaladhovanaṭṭhena. Tejosamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbakilesavanajjhāpanaṭṭhena. Vāyosamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbakilesamalarajopavāhanaṭṭhena. Agadasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbakilesabyādhivūpasamanaṭṭhena. Amatasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbakilesavisanāsanaṭṭhena. Khettasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbasāmaññaguṇasassavirūhanaṭṭhena. Manoharasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ patthiticchitasabbasampattivaradadaṭṭhena. Nāvāsamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ saṃsāramahaṇṇavapāragamanaṭṭhena. Bhīruttāṇasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ jarāmaraṇabhītānaṃ assāsakaraṇaṭṭhena. Mātusamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ kilesadukkhappaṭipīḷitānaṃ anuggāhakaṭṭhena. Pitusamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ kusalavaḍḍhikāmānaṃ sabbasāmaññaguṇajanakaṭṭhena. Mittasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbasāmaññaguṇapariyesanaavisaṃvādakaṭṭhena. Padumasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbakilesamalehi anupalittaṭṭhena. Catujjātiyavaragandhasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ kilesaduggandhapaṭivinodanaṭṭhena. Girirājavarasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ aṭṭhalokadhammavātehi akampiyaṭṭhena. Ākāsasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbattha gahaṇāpagatauruvisaṭavitthatamahantaṭṭhena. Nadīsamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ kilesamalapavāhanaṭṭhena. Sudesakasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ jātikantārakilesavanagahananittharaṇaṭṭhena. Mahāsatthavāhasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbabhayasuññakhemaabhayavarapavaranibbānanagarasampāpanaṭṭhena. Sumajjitavimalādāsasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ sabhāvadassanaṭṭhena. Phalakasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ kilesalaguḷasarasattipaṭibāhanaṭṭhena. Chattasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ kilesavassatividhaggisantāpātapapaṭibāhanaṭṭhena. Candasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ pihayitapatthitaṭṭhena. Sūriyasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ mohatamatimiranāsanaṭṭhena. Sāgarasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ anekavidhasāmaññaguṇavararatanuṭṭhānaṭṭhena, aparimitaasaṅkhyeyyaappameyyaṭṭhena ca. Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ bahūpakāraṃ sabbadarathapariḷāhanudaṃ aratinudaṃ bhayanudaṃ bhavanudaṃ khīlanudaṃ malanudaṃ sokanudaṃ dukkhanudaṃ rāganudaṃ dosanudaṃ mohanudaṃ mānanudaṃ diṭṭhinudaṃ sabbākusaladhammanudaṃ yasāvahaṃ hitāvahaṃ sukhāvahaṃ phāsukaraṃ pītikaraṃ yogakkhemakaraṃ anavajjaṃ iṭṭhasukhavipākaṃ guṇarāsiguṇapuñjaṃ aparimitaasaṅkhyeyya appameyyaguṇaṃ varaṃ pavaraṃ aggaṃ.

‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, manussā upatthambhavasena bhojanaṃ upasevanti, hitavasena bhesajjaṃ upasevanti, upakāravasena mittaṃ upasevanti, tāraṇavasena nāvaṃ upasevanti, sugandhavasena mālāgandhaṃ upasevanti, abhayavasena bhīruttāṇaṃ upasevanti, patiṭṭhāvasena pathaviṃ upasevanti, sippavasena ācariyaṃ upasevanti, yasavasena rājānaṃ upasevanti, kāmadadavasena maṇiratanaṃ upasevanti, evameva kho, mahārāja, sabbasāmaññaguṇadadavasena ariyā dhutaguṇaṃ upasevanti.

‘‘Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, udakaṃ bījavirūhanāya, aggi jhāpanāya, āhāro balāharaṇāya, latā bandhanāya, satthaṃ chedanāya, pānīyaṃ pipāsāvinayanāya, nidhi assāsakaraṇāya, nāvā tīrasampāpanāya, bhesajjaṃ byādhivūpasamanāya, yānaṃ sukhagamanāya, bhīruttāṇaṃ bhayavinodanāya, rājā ārakkhatthāya, phalakaṃ daṇḍaleḍḍulaguḷasarasattipaṭibāhanāya, ācariyo anusāsanāya, mātā posanāya, ādāso olokanāya, alaṅkāro sobhanāya, vatthaṃ paṭicchādanāya, nisseṇī ārohanāya, tulā visamavikkhepanāya , mantaṃ parijappanāya, āvudhaṃ tajjanīyapaṭibāhanāya, padīpo andhakāravidhamanāya, vāto pariḷāhanibbāpanāya, sippaṃ vuttinipphādanāya, agadaṃ jīvitarakkhaṇāya, ākaro ratanuppādanāya, ratanaṃ alaṅkarāya, āṇā anatikkamanāya, issariyaṃ vasavattanāya, evameva kho, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ sāmaññabījavirūhanāya, kilesamalajhāpanāya, iddhibalāharaṇāya, satisaṃvaranibandhanāya, vimativicikicchāsamucchedanāya, taṇhāpipāsāvinayanāya, abhisamayaassāsakaraṇāya, caturoghanittharaṇāya, kilesabyādhivūpasamāya, nibbānasukhappaṭilābhāya, jātijarābyādhimaraṇasokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsabhayavinodanāya, sāmaññaguṇaparirakkhaṇāya, aratikuvitakkapaṭibāhanāya, sakalasāmaññatthānusāsanāya, sabbasāmaññaguṇaposanāya, samathavipassanāmaggaphalanibbānadassanāya, sakalalokathutathomitamahatimahāsobhanakaraṇāya, sabbāpāyapidahanāya, sāmaññatthaselasikharamuddhani abhirūhanāya, vaṅkakuṭilavisamacittavikkhepanāya , sevitabbāsevitabbadhamme sādhusajjhāyakaraṇāya, sabbakilesapaṭisattutajjanāya, avijjandhakāravidhamanāya, tividhaggisantāpapariḷāhanibbāpanāya, saṇhasukhumasantasamāpattinipphādanāya, sakalasāmaññaguṇaparirakkhaṇāya, bojjhaṅgavararatanuppādanāya, yogijanālaṅkaraṇāya, anavajjanipuṇasukhumasantisukhamanatikkamanāya, sakalasāmaññaariyadhammavasavattanāya. Iti, mahārāja, imesaṃ guṇānaṃ adhigamāya yadidaṃ ekamekaṃ dhutaguṇaṃ, evaṃ, mahārāja, atuliyaṃ dhutaguṇaṃ appameyyaṃ asamaṃ appaṭisamaṃ appaṭibhāgaṃ appaṭiseṭṭhaṃ uttaraṃ seṭṭhaṃ visiṭṭhaṃ adhikaṃ āyataṃ puthulaṃ visaṭaṃ vitthataṃ garukaṃ bhāriyaṃ mahantaṃ.

‘‘Yo kho, mahārāja, puggalo pāpiccho icchāpakato kuhako luddho odariko lābhakāmo yasakāmo kittikāmo ayutto appatto ananucchaviko anaraho appatirūpo dhutaṅgaṃ samādiyati, so diguṇaṃ daṇḍamāpajjati, sabbaguṇaghātamāpajjati, diṭṭhadhammikaṃ hīḷanaṃ khīḷanaṃ garahanaṃ uppaṇḍanaṃ khipanaṃ asambhogaṃ nissāraṇaṃ nicchubhanaṃ pavāhanaṃ pabbājanaṃ paṭilabhati, samparāyepi satayojanike avīcimahāniraye uṇhakaṭhitatattasantattaaccijālāmālake anekavassakoṭisatasahassāni uddhamadho tiriyaṃ pheṇuddehakaṃ samparivattakaṃ paccati, tato muccitvā kisapharusakāḷaṅgapaccaṅgo sūnuddhumātasusiruttamaṅgo chāto pipāsito visamabhīmarūpavaṇṇo bhaggakaṇṇasoto ummīlitanimīlitanettanayano arugattapakkagatto puḷavākiṇṇasabbakāyo vātamukhe jalamāno viya aggikkhandho anto jalamāno pajjalamāno atāṇo asaraṇo āruṇṇaruṇṇakāruññaravaṃ paridevamāno nijjhāmataṇhiko samaṇamahāpeto hutvā āhiṇḍamāno mahiyā aṭṭassaraṃ karoti.

‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, koci ayutto appatto ananucchaviko anaraho appatirūpo hīno kujātiko khattiyābhisekena abhisiñcati, so labhati hatthacchedaṃ pādacchedaṃ hatthapādacchedaṃ kaṇṇacchedaṃ nāsacchedaṃ kaṇṇanāsacchedaṃ bilaṅgathālikaṃ saṅkhamuṇḍikaṃ rāhumukhaṃ jotimālikaṃ hatthapajjotikaṃ erakavattikaṃ cīrakavāsikaṃ eṇeyyakaṃ baḷisamaṃsikaṃ kahāpaṇakaṃ khārāpatacchikaṃ palighaparivattikaṃ palālapīṭhakaṃ tattena telena osiñcanaṃ sunakhehi khādāpanaṃ jīvasūlāropanaṃ asinā sīsacchedaṃ anekavihitampi kammakāraṇaṃ anubhavati. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Ayutto appatto ananucchaviko anaraho appatirūpo hīno kujātiko mahante issariye ṭhāne attānaṃ ṭhapesi, velaṃ ghātesi, evameva kho, mahārāja, yo koci puggalo pāpiccho…pe… mahiyā aṭṭassaraṃ karoti.

‘‘Yo pana, mahārāja, puggalo yutto patto anucchaviko araho patirūpo appiccho santuṭṭho pavivitto asaṃsaṭṭho āraddhavīriyo pahitatto asaṭho amāyo anodariko alābhakāmo ayasakāmo akittikāmo saddho saddhāpabbajito jarāmaraṇā muccitukāmo ‘sāsanaṃ paggaṇhissāmī’ti dhutaṅgaṃ samādiyati, so diguṇaṃ pūjaṃ arahati devānañca piyo hoti manāpo pihayito patthito, jātisumanamallikādīnaṃ viya pupphaṃ nahātānulittassa, jighacchitassa viya paṇītabhojanaṃ, pipāsitassa viya sītalavimalasurabhipānīyaṃ, visagatassa viya osadhavaraṃ, sīghagamanakāmassa viya ājaññarathavaruttamaṃ, atthakāmassa viya manoharamaṇiratanaṃ, abhisiñcitukāmassa viya paṇḍaravimalasetacchattaṃ, dhammakāmassa viya arahattaphalādhigamamanuttaraṃ. Tassa cattāro satipaṭṭhānā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, cattāro sammappadhānā cattāro iddhipādā pañcindriyāni pañca balāni satta bojjhaṅgā ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchati, samathavipassanā adhigacchati, adhigamappaṭipatti pariṇamati, cattāri sāmaññaphalāni catasso paṭisambhidā tisso vijjā chaḷabhiññā kevalo ca samaṇadhammo sabbe tassādheyyā honti, vimuttipaṇḍaravimalasetacchattena abhisiñcati.

‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, rañño khattiyassa abhijātakulakulīnassa khattiyābhisekena abhisittassa paricaranti saraṭṭhanegamajānapadabhaṭabalā aṭṭhattiṃsā ca rājaparisā naṭanaccakā mukhamaṅgalikā sotthivācakā samaṇabrāhmaṇasabbapāsaṇḍagaṇā abhigacchanti, yaṃ kiñci pathaviyā paṭṭanaratanākaranagarasuṅkaṭṭhānaverajjakachejjabhejjajanamanusāsanaṃ sabbattha sāmiko bhavati, evameva kho, mahārāja, yo koci puggalo yutto patto…pe… vimuttipaṇḍaravimalasetacchattena abhisiñcati.

‘‘Terasimāni, mahārāja, dhutaṅgāni, yehi suddhikato nibbānamahāsamuddaṃ pavisitvā bahuvidhaṃ dhammakīḷamabhikīḷati, rūpārūpaaṭṭhasamāpattiyo vaḷañjeti, iddhividhaṃ dibbasotadhātuṃ paracittavijānanaṃ pubbenivāsānussatiṃ dibbacakkhuṃ sabbāsavakkhayañca pāpuṇāti. Katame terasa? Paṃsukūlikaṅgaṃ tecīvarikaṅgaṃ piṇḍapātikaṅgaṃ sapadānacārikaṅgaṃ ekāsanikaṅgaṃ pattapiṇḍikaṅgaṃ khalupacchābhattikaṅgaṃ āraññikaṅgaṃ rukkhamūlikaṅgaṃ abbhokāsikaṅgaṃ sosānikaṅgaṃ yathāsanthatikaṅgaṃ nesajjikaṅgaṃ, imehi kho, mahārāja, terasahi dhutaguṇehi pubbe āsevitehi nisevitehi ciṇṇehi pariciṇṇehi caritehi upacaritehi paripūritehi kevalaṃ sāmaññaṃ paṭilabhati, tassādheyyā honti kevalā santā sukhā samāpattiyo.

‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, sadhano nāviko paṭṭane suṭṭhu katasuṅko mahāsamuddaṃ pavisitvā vaṅgaṃ takkolaṃ cīnaṃ sovīraṃ suraṭṭhaṃ alasandaṃ kolapaṭṭanaṃ suvaṇṇabhūmiṃ gacchati aññampi yaṃ kiñci nāvāsañcaraṇaṃ, evameva kho, mahārāja, imehi terasahi dhutaguṇehi pubbe āsevitehi nisevitehi ciṇṇehi pariciṇṇehi caritehi upacaritehi paripūritehi kevalaṃ sāmaññaṃ paṭilabhati, tassādheyyā honti kevalā santā sukhā samāpattiyo.

‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, kassako paṭhamaṃ khettadosaṃ tiṇakaṭṭhapāsāṇaṃ apanetvā kasitvā vapitvā sammā udakaṃ pavesetvā rakkhitvā gopetvā lavanamaddanena bahudhaññako hoti, tassādheyyā bhavanti ye keci adhanā kapaṇā daliddā duggatajanā, evameva kho, mahārāja, imehi terasahi dhutaguṇehi pubbe āsevitehi…pe… kevalā santā sukhā samāpattiyo.

‘‘Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, khattiyo muddhāvasitto abhijātakulīno chejjabhejjajanamanusāsane issaro hoti vasavattī sāmiko icchākaraṇo, kevalā ca mahāpathavī tassādheyyā hoti, evameva kho, mahārāja, imehi terasahi dhutaguṇehi pubbe āsevitehi nisevitehi ciṇṇehi pariciṇṇehi caritehi upacaritehi paripūritehi jinasāsanavare issaro hoti vasavattī sāmiko icchākaraṇo, kevalā ca samaṇaguṇā tassādheyyā honti.

‘‘Nanu, mahārāja, thero upaseno vaṅgantaputto sallekhadhutaguṇe paripūrakāritāya anādiyitvā sāvatthiyā saṅghassa katikaṃ sapariso naradammasārathiṃ paṭisallānagataṃ upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato pāde sirasā vanditvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi, bhagavā ca taṃ suvinītaṃ parisaṃ oloketvā haṭṭhatuṭṭho pamudito udaggo parisāya saddhiṃ sallāpaṃ sallapitvā asambhinnena brahmassarena etadavoca ‘pāsādikā kho pana tyāyaṃ upasena parisā, kataṃ tvaṃ upasena parisaṃ vinesī’ti. Sopi sabbaññunā dasabalena devātidevena puṭṭho yathābhūtasabhāvaguṇavasena bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –

‘‘Yo koci maṃ, bhante, upasaṅkamitvā pabbajjaṃ vā nissayaṃ vā yācati, tamahaṃ evaṃ vadāmi ‘‘ahaṃ kho āvuso āraññiko piṇḍapātiko paṃsukūliko tecīvariko. Sace tvampi āraññiko bhavissasi piṇḍapātiko paṃsukūliko tecīvariko, evāhaṃ taṃ pabbājessāmi nissayaṃ dassāmī’’ti, sace so me, bhante, paṭissuṇitvā nandati oramati, evāhaṃ taṃ pabbājemi nissayaṃ demi, sace na nandati na oramati, na taṃ pabbājemi, na nissayaṃ demi, evāhaṃ, bhante, parisaṃ vinemī’’ti. Evaṃ kho , mahārāja, dhutaguṇavarasamādiṇṇo jinasāsanavare issaro hoti. Vasavattī sāmiko icchākaraṇo, tassādheyyā honti kevalā santā sukhā samāpattiyo.

‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, padumaṃ abhivuddhaparisuddhaudiccajātippabhavaṃ siniddhaṃ mudu lobhanīyaṃ sugandhaṃ piyaṃ patthitaṃ pasatthaṃ jalakaddamamanupalittaṃ aṇupattakesarakaṇṇikābhimaṇḍitaṃ bhamaragaṇasevitaṃ sītalasalilasaṃvaddhaṃ, evameva kho, mahārāja, imehi terasahi dhutaguṇehi pubbe āsevitehi nisevitehi ciṇṇehi pariciṇṇehi caritehi upacaritehi paripūritehi ariyasāvako tiṃsaguṇavarehi samupeto hoti.

‘‘Katamehi tiṃsaguṇavarehi? Siniddhamudumaddavamettacitto hoti, ghātitahatavihatakileso hoti, hatanihatamānadabbo hoti, acaladaḷhaniviṭṭhanibbematikasaddho hoti, paripuṇṇapīṇitapahaṭṭhalobhanīyasantasukhasamāpattilābhī hoti, sīlavarapavaraasamasucigandhaparibhāvito hoti, devamanussānaṃ piyo hoti manāpo, khīṇāsavaariyavarapuggalapatthito, devamanussānaṃ vanditapūjito, budhavibudhapaṇḍitajanānaṃ thutathavitathomitapasattho, idha vā huraṃ vā lokena anupalitto, appathokavajjepi bhayadassāvī, vipulavarasampattikāmānaṃ maggaphalavaratthasādhano, āyācitavipulapaṇītapaccayabhāgī, aniketasayano, jhānajjhositatappavaravihārī, vijaṭitakilesajālavatthu, bhinnabhaggasaṅkuṭitasañchinnagatinīvaraṇo, akuppadhammo, abhinītavāso, anavajjabhogī, gativimutto, uttiṇṇasabbavicikiccho, vimuttijjhositattho , diṭṭhadhammo, acaladaḷhabhīruttāṇamupagato, samucchinnānusayo, sabbāsavakkhayaṃ patto, santasukhasamāpattivihārabahulo, sabbasamaṇaguṇasamupeto, imehi tiṃsaguṇavarehi samupeto hoti.

‘‘Nanu, mahārāja, thero sāriputto dasasahassilokadhātuyā aggapuriso ṭhapetvā dasabalaṃ lokācariyaṃ, sopi aparimitamasaṅkhyeyyakappe samācitakusalamūlo brāhmaṇakulakulīno manāpikaṃ kāmaratiṃ anekasatasaṅkhaṃ dhanavarañca ohāya jinasāsane pabbajitvā imehi terasahi dhutaguṇehi kāyavacīcittaṃ damayitvā ajjetarahi anantaguṇasamannāgato gotamassa bhagavato sāsanavare dhammacakkamanuppavattako jāto. Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavatā devātidevena ekaṅguttaranikāyavaralañchake –

‘‘Nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekapuggalampi samanupassāmi, yo evaṃ tathāgatena anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ sammadeva anuppavatteti, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave, sāriputto, sāriputto. Bhikkhave, tathāgatena anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ sammadeva anuppavattetī’’’ti.

‘‘Sādhu, bhante nāgasena, yaṃ kiñci navaṅgaṃ buddhavacanaṃ, yā ca lokuttarā kiriyā, yā ca loke adhigamavipulavarasampattiyo, sabbaṃ taṃ terasasu dhutaguṇesu samodhānopagata’’ nti.