Dukkhaniddesakathāvaṇṇanā

Bhaveti ādānanikkhepaparicchinno dhammappabandho bhavo, tasmiṃ bhave. So hi jāyati ettha yonigatiādivibhāgoti jātīti vuccati, jāyanti ettha sattā samānanvayāti jāti, nikāyo. Saṅkhatalakkhaṇeti yattha katthaci uppāde. So hi jananaṭṭhena jāti. Paṭisandhiyanti paṭisandhicittakkhaṇe. Sampātijātoti ettha jātisaddena labbhamānaṃ mātukucchito nikkhamanasaṅkhātaṃ jāyanatthaṃ sandhāyāha ‘‘pasūtiya’’nti, abhijātiyanti attho. Jāyati etāya khattiyādisamaññāti jāti, kulaṃ.

538.Sayanti etthāti seyyā, mātukucchisaṅkhāto gabbho seyyā etesanti gabbhaseyyakā, aṇḍajā, jalābujā ca. Itaresanti saṃsedajānaṃ, opapātikānañca. Ayampi cāti ‘‘paṭisandhikhandhesvevā’’ti anantaraṃ vuttakathāpi, pageva ‘‘paṭisandhito paṭṭhāyā’’ti vuttakathāyaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘tesaṃ tesaṃ paṭhamapātubhāvo jātī’’ti.

Ummujjanavasena gayhatīti ummujjanapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ. Vakkhamānavibhāgaṃ dukkhavicittataṃ paccupaṭṭhapetīti dukkhavicittatāpaccupaṭṭhānā.

539.‘‘Kasmā panā’’ti vadato codakassāyamadhippāyo – ekantadukkhe niraye tāva jātidukkhā hotu, aññāsupi vā duggatīsu pāpakammasamuṭṭhānato sukhasaṃvattaniyakammasamuṭṭhānāsu pana sugatīsu kathanti. Itaro ‘‘nāyaṃ jāti sabhāvadukkhavasena dukkhāti vuttā, na hi kāci paṭisandhi dukkhavedanāsampayuttā atthi, atha kho dukkhassa adhiṭṭhānabhāvato’’ti dassento ‘‘anekesaṃ dukkhānaṃ vatthubhāvato’’tiādimāha. Adukkhasabhāvampi pariyāyato dukkhanti vuccatīti dukkhasabhāvaṃ dukkhasaddena visesetvā vuttaṃ ‘‘dukkhadukkha’’nti yathā rūparūpanti.

Dukkhuppattihetutoti ‘‘ahu vata me, taṃ vata nāhosī’’ti cetasikadukkhuppattihetuto.

‘‘Yadaniccaṃ, taṃ dukkha’’nti (saṃ. ni. 3.15, 45, 76, 77, 85; 2.4.1, 4) vacanato tebhūmakā saṅkhārā saṅkhāradukkhaṃ, tattha kāraṇamāha ‘‘udayabbayappaṭipāḷitattā’’ti. Yañhi abhiṇhaṃ paṭipīḷitaṃ, taṃ dukkhamanatāya dukkhanti, vipassanācārassa adhippetattā tebhūmakaggahaṇaṃ.

Dukkhadukkhanti dukkhadomassupāyāse vadati. ‘‘Jātipi dukkhā’’tiādinā (vibha. 190) dukkhasaccavibhaṅge āgataṃ.

Bhagavatāpīti anāvaraṇañāṇavatā accariyāparimeyyadesanākosallavatā bhagavatāpi. Upamāvasenati aṅgārakāsūpamādiupamāvasena.

540.Puṇḍarīkādīsūti ādi-saddena na maṇikanakarajatapavāḷādiratanasanniccaye, nāpi aṇḍajameṇḍajavāyajātike subhamanuññasayanatale, nāpi ratanamayakuṭṭimamanohare pāsādatale, nāpi sittasammaṭṭhakusumopahāravati pāsādūpacāre, nāpi muttājālasadisavālikāvikiṇṇe viviṭaṅgaṇe, nāpi haritakambalasadisamudusaddalasamotale bhūmibhāgeti evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Paramasambādheti ativiya sambādhe. Tibbandhakāreti bahalandhakāre. Pittasemhapubbaruhiragūthodariyādi nānākuṇapasambādhe. Mātā yadi vīsativassā, atha tiṃsa, cattālīsādivassā, tattakaṃ kālaṃ adhotavaccakūpasadisatāya adhimattajegucche. Pūtimacchā di sabbaṃ na sadisūpammaṃ tassa vātādivasena ekaccaduggandhāpagamasabbhāvato. Dasa māseti accantasaṃyoge upayogavacanaṃ, yebhuyyavasena vuttaṃ tato bhiyyopi ekaccānaṃ tatthāvaṭṭhānasambhavato. Attano adhomukhaṃ ṭhapitasaṅkucitahatthadvayassa ukkuṭikasseva nisīdato samijjanappasāraṇādirahito.

Abhimukhaṃ kaḍḍhanaṃ ākaḍḍhanaṃ. Parito samantato kaḍḍhanaṃ parikaḍḍhanaṃ. Heṭṭhā dhunanaṃ odhūnanaṃ. Nidhāya nidhāya dhūnanaṃ niddhūnanaṃ. Ākaḍḍhanādisadisañcettha ‘‘ākaḍḍhanādī’’ti vuttaṃ. Taruṇavaṇasadisaṃ ativiya sukhumālaṃ gabbhagataṃ sarīraṃ sītādiappakampi na sahatīti sītanarakūpapannatādi nidassitaṃ. Tañhi tassa ativiya sītaṃ, ativiya uṇhañca hutvā upatiṭṭhati. Sarīraṃ vāsiyādīhi tacchetvā khārāvasecanakaraṇaṃ khārāpaṭicchakaṃ. Dukkhuppattiṭṭhāneti gabbhāsayasaññitaṃ tatiyaṃ āvaṭṭaṃ sandhāyāha.

Parivattetvāti uddhaṃpādaadhosīsabhāvena parivattetvā. Idaṃ vijāyanamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ, yena maraṇadukkhena ca aṭṭitā vedanāppattā sattā katipayamāsamattātikkantampi pavattiṃ vissaranti, mahandhakāraṃ mahāviduggaṃ pakkhandhā viya honti.

Vadhentassāti socanaparidevanasīsapaṭihananādinā bādhentassa. Khuppipāsā hi ātapāvaṭṭhānādinā ca ātāpanaṃ. Pañcaggitāpanādinā paritāpanaṃ.

Imassāti yathāvuttassa sattavidhassa. Sabbassāpīti gabbhakālādīsu tāpanamaddanādinirayaggidāhādisañjanitassa sakalassāpi. Vatthumeva hoti tadabhāve abhāvato. Tenevāha ‘‘jāyetha no ce’’tiādi.

541.Vicittanti vividhaṃ, acchariyaṃ vā.

542.Saṅkhātalakkhaṇanti ‘‘ṭhitassa aññathatta’’nti (saṃ. ni. 3.38; a. ni. 3.47; kathā. 214) vuttaṃ khaṇikajaraṃ sandhāyāha. Khaṇḍiccādisammatoti khaṇḍiccapāliccavalittacatādinā samaññato. Sāti khandhapurāṇabhāvasaññitā pākaṭajarā. Khandhaparipāko ekabhavapariyāpannānaṃ khandhānaṃ purāṇabhāvo.

543.Saṅkhatalakkhaṇanti saṅkhārānaṃ vayasaññitaṃ khaṇikamaraṇamāha. Yaṃ sandhāyāti yaṃ khaṇikamaraṇaṃ sandhāya, ‘‘jarāmaraṇaṃ dvīhi khandhehi saṅgahita’’nti (dhātu. 71) ettha ‘‘maraṇa’’nti vuttanti attho. Tanti jīvitindriyupaccedasaññitaṃ pākaṭamaraṇaṃ. ‘‘Cavana’’nti lakkhitabbatāya cutilakkhaṇaṃ. Viyogarasanti yathādhigatehi sattasaṅkhārehi viyojanarasaṃ. Yathūpapannāya gatiyā vippavāsavasena gayhatīti gativippavāsapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ.

Pāpassāti pāpayogena pāpassa, upacitapāpakammassāti attho. Pāpakammādinimittanti pāpakammakammanimittagatinimittasaṅkhātaṃ maraṇakāle upaṭṭhitaṃ akusalavipākārammaṇaṃ. Tamhi passantasseva kassaci anubhavantassa viya mahādukkhaṃ hoti. Bhaddassāti bhaddakammassa, katakusalassāti attho. Tassa pana kāmaṃ iṭṭhameva ārammaṇaṃ upaṭṭhāti, piyavippayogavatthukaṃ pana mahantaṃ dukkhaṃ ārammaṇaṃ upaṭṭhāti, piyavippayogavatthukaṃ pana mahantaṃ dukkhaṃ uppajjatīti āha ‘‘asahantassa viyogaṃ piyavatthuka’’nti. Avisesatoti pāpassa, bhaddassa ca sāmaññato. ‘‘Avisesato’’ti vatvāpi ‘‘sabbesa’’nti vacanaṃ taṃ idaṃ dukkhaṃ parimadditasaṅkhārānaṃ ekaccānaṃ khīṇāsavānampi hotiyevāti dassanatthaṃ. Vitujjamānamammānanti sandhibandhanāvacchedakavāyunā vijjhiyamānamammaṭṭhānānaṃ.

544.Soti soko. Atthato domanassameva hoti cetasikantarābhāvato. Domanassaviseso pana hoti visayavisese pavattiākāravisesasabbhāvatoti taṃ visesaṃ lakkhaṇādito dassetuṃ ‘‘evaṃ santepī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Anto nijjhānaṃ cittasantāpo. Parijjhāpanaṃ rāgadosapariḷāhavisiṭṭhaṃ dahanaṃ. Katākatakusalākusalavisayaṃ vippaṭisārākārena pavattaṃ anusocanaṃ kukkuccaṃ, ñātibyasanādivisayaṃ kevalaṃ cittasanthāpabhūtaṃ anusocanaṃ sokoti anusocanapaccupaṭṭhānattepi ayametesaṃ viseso.

Visapītaṃ sallaṃ visasallaṃ. Sokavasena atisārādi byādhipi hoti, sokabahulassa sarīraṃ na cirasseva jīrati, balavasokābhibhūto maraṇampi pāpuṇātīti āha ‘‘samāvahati ca byādhijarāmaraṇabhedana’’nti.

545.Vacīpalāpoti vācāvippalāpo, so atthato saddo eva. Bhiyyoti sokadukkhato upari. Sokasamuṭṭhāno hi paridevo.

546.Jātiādīnampi yathārahaṃ dukkhavatthudukkhadukkhatāhi satipi dukkhabhāve kāyassa pīḷanavasena idaṃ savisesaṃ dukkhamanti āha ‘‘dukkhanti visesato vutta’’nti.

547.Manovighātarasanti byāpādasampayogavasena manaso vihaññanakiccaṃ. Cetodukkhasamappitāti cetasikadukkhasamaṅgino. Āvaṭṭantīti āmukhaṃ vaṭṭanti, yaṃdisābhimukhaṃ patitā, taṃdisābhimukhā eva vaṭṭanti. Vivaṭṭantīti viparivattanavasena vaṭṭanti. Uddhaṃpādaṃ papatantīti uddhaṃmukhapādā hutvā patanti. Satthaṃ āharantīti attano sarīrassa vijjhanabhedanavasena satthaṃ upanenti.

548.Dosoyevāti kāyacittānaṃ āyāsanavasena dosasseva pavattiākāroti attho, yato bhuso āyāsoti upāyāsoti vuccati yathā bhusamādānaṃ upādānanti. Eko dhammoti cuddasahi akusalacetasikehi añño eko cetasikadhammo, yaṃ ‘‘visādo’’ti ca vadanti. Nitthunanavasena sampajjanato nitthunanaraso, kāye vā nitthunanakaraṇakicco. ‘‘Saṅkhāradukkhabhāvato’’ti vatvā so panettha sātisayoti dassento ‘‘cittaparidahanato, kāyavisādanato cā’’ti āha.

Ete ca sokaparidevupāyāsā viññattiyā vinā, saha ca yathāpaccayaṃ domanassacittuppādassa pavattiākāravisesoti dassetuṃ ‘‘ettha cā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha pāko viyāti rajanādino pacitabbavatthuno pāko viya.

549.Samodhānaṃ samāgamo. Kāyikadukkhacittavighātādianatthānaṃ atthibhāvassa paccupaṭṭhāno anatthabhāvapaccupaṭṭhāno.

Tesaṃ appiyānaṃ kāyikavācasikapayogasaṅkhāto upakkamo tadupakkamo, tato sambhūto tadupakkamasambhūto.

550.Upaddavabhāvena paccupatiṭṭhatīti byasanapaccupaṭṭhāno.

551.Icchitālābho nāma yassa kassaci attanā icchitassa vatthuno alābho. ‘‘Yampicchaṃ na labhatī’’ti hi vuttaṃ. Matthakappattaṃ pana icchitālābhaṃ dassetuṃ pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘jātidhammānaṃ sattāna’’ntiādinā niddiṭṭhanti tameva dassetuṃ ‘‘aho vatā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Icchāvāti ettha icchāsahito alābhovāti ca vadanti. Tappariyesanarasāti tesaṃ alabbhaneyyavatthūnaṃ pariyesanarasā. Appatti alābho.

552.Yaṃ vuttamidhāti idha saccaniddese yaṃ sarūpato vuttaṃ. Avuttanti aññattha dukkhakkhandhabālapaṇḍitasuttādīsu vuttampi idha sarūpato avuttaṃ. Tañca sabbaṃ ime upādānakkhandhe vinā na labbhatīti tattha khandhasannissayameva dukkhaṃ khandhe vibādhatīti dassetuṃ ‘‘indanamiva pāvako’’ti vuttaṃ. Yathā vā lakkhaṃ paharaṇapahārassa vatthu, evaṃ khandhā saṃsāradukkhassa. Yathā ca gorūpaṃ ḍaṃsamakasādivibādhāya, yathā ca khettaṃ nipphannasassalāyanassa, gāmo ca gāmaghātakavibādhāya, evaṃ khandhā jātiādidukkhassa vatthūti dassetuṃ ‘‘lakkhamivā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Yebhuyyena loke vibādhakā vibādhetabbādhīnā na honti, ime pana vibādhetabbādhīnā evāti dassetuṃ ‘‘tiṇalatādīnī’’ti vuttaṃ. Kāmaṃ anādimati saṃsāre ādi nāma kassaci natthi, ekabhavaparicchinnassa pana khandhasantānassa vasena vuttaṃ ‘‘ādidukkhaṃ jātī’’ti. Tenevāha ‘‘pariyosānadukkhaṃ maraṇa’’nti. Na hettha samucchedamaraṇameva adhippetaṃ. Maraṇassa antike āsanne jātaṃ dukkhaṃ māraṇantikadukkhaṃ. Paridayhanaṃ cittasantāpo. Lālappanaṃ ativiya vippalāpo. Anutthunanaṃ anto nijjhāyanaṃ. Ekamekanti jātiādīnaṃ antarabhedabhinnānaṃ, jātiādīnameva vā upādānakkhandhapañcakānaṃ vā ekamekaṃ. Saṅkhipitvāti samāsetvā, sāmaññaniddesena vā saṅkhepaṃ katvā.

553.Punabbhavakaraṇaṃ punabbhavo uttarapadalopena, yathā vā apūpabhakkhanasīlo āpūpiko, evaṃ punabbhavakaraṇasīlā, punabbhavaṃ vā phalaṃ arahati, so vā etissā payojananti ponobhavikā. Nandanato, rañjanato ca nandīrāgabhāvaṃ sabbāsu avatthāsu apaccakkhāya vuttiyā nandīrāgasahagatā. Tāya ca sattā tattha tattha bhavādike kimikīṭapaṭaṅgādiattabhāvepi nandanti, rūpābhinandanādibhūtāya rañjanti cāti tatratatrābhinandinī. Tenāha ‘‘nandīrāgena sahagatā’’tiādi. Tabbhāvattho hi esa sahagatasaddo. Kāmabhavavibhavabhedavasena pavattiyā kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā ca veditabbā. Kāmataṇhādibhedaṃ anāmasitvā kevalaṃ taṇhābhāveneva ekabhāvaggahaṇena ekattaṃ upanetvā kassacipi sattassa kenaci sadisatābhāvato taṃtaṃvicittabhāvajanakakammanipphādanena ativicittasabhāvā sakalassa dukkhassa hetubhāvato dukkhasamudayo ariyasaccaṃ.

Kasmā panettha taṇhāva samudayasaccaṃ vuttāti? Visesahetubhāvato. Avijjā hi bhavesu ādīnavaṃ paṭicchādentī, diṭṭhiādiupādānañca tattha tattha abhinivisamānaṃ taṇhaṃ abhivaḍḍhentī dosādayopi kammassa kāraṇaṃ honti, taṇhā pana taṃtaṃbhavayonigativiññāṇaṭṭhitisattāvāsasattanikāyakulabhogissariyādivicittataṃ abhipatthentī, kammavicittatāya upanissayataṃ kammassa ca sahāyabhāvaṃ upagacchantī bhavādivicittataṃ niyameti, tasmā dukkhassa visesahetubhāvato aññesupi avijjāupādānakammādīsu sutte (dī. ni. 2.400; ma. ni. 1.133; 3.374) abhidhamme (vibha. 203) ca avasesakilesākusalamūlādīsu vuttesu dukkhahetūsu vijjamānesu taṇhāva samudayasaccanti vuttāti veditabbaṃ.

554.Tassāyevāti yadaggena taṇhā samudayasaccanti vuttā, tadaggena tassāyevāti avadhāraṇaṃ. Sati hi padhānahetunirodhe tadaññahetū niruddhāyeva hontīti byādhinimittavūpasamanena byādhivūpasamo viya hetunirodhena phalanirodhoti āha ‘‘samudayanirodhena dukkhanirodho’’ti. Na aññathāti yathāvuttassa atthassa ekantikataṃ dasseti.

Anupaddaveti pāṇakavijjhanasatthappahārādiupaddavarahite. Tato eva daḷhe thire. Sākhādichedanena chinnopi. Taṇhānusayeti kāmarāgabhavarāgānusaye. Anūhateti asamupaghāṭite.

Yathā sīho yenattani saro khitto, tattheva attano balaṃ dasseti, na sare, tathā buddhānaṃ kāraṇe paṭipatti, na phale. Yathā pana sārameyyā kenaci leḍḍuppahāre dinne bhussantā leḍḍuṃ khādanti, na pahāradāyake uṭṭhahanti, evaṃ aññatitthiyā dukkhaṃ nirodhetukāmā kāyacchedamanuyuñjanti, na kilesanirodhananti imamatthaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘sīhasamānavuttino’’tiādi vuttaṃ.

555.Virajjati palujjati chijjati samudayo etenāti virāgo vuccati maggo. Virajjanaṃ palujjanaṃ samucchindanaṃ virāgoti pahānaṃ vuccati. Tasmāti yasmā pahānapariyāyo virāgasaddo, nirodhasaddo ca, tasmā. Anusayasamugghātato aseso virāgo aseso nirodhoti sambandhanīyaṃ. Cāgādipadānipi gahetvā vadati sabbāneva etānīti. Yasmā nibbānaṃ vuccati, na dukkhassa nirujjhanamattaṃ, tasmā taṇhāya asesavirāganirodhādipadānipi nibbānavevacanānīti. Vuttamevatthaṃ samattheti ‘‘yasmā panā’’tiādi. Yathā virāgādipadāni nibbāne yujjanti, taṃdassanaṃ. Tattha taṃ āgammāti taṃ nibbānaṃ ārammaṇakaraṇavasena patvā. Taṇhā virajjatīti ariyamaggena accantavirāgavasena taṇhā virajjīyati. Nirujjhatīti nirodhīyati, tena virāganirodhasaddānaṃ adhikaraṇasādhanatamāha. Tadevāti nibbānameva. Cāgādayo hontīti cāgādihetuṃ phalavohārena vadati. ‘‘Kāmaguṇālayesū’’ti potthakesu likhanti, ‘‘kāmaguṇālayādīsū’’ti pana pāṭho.

556.Tayidantiādi na porāṇapāṭho, saccatthadīpane pana vuttaniyāmena tato ānetvā pacchā ṭhapitaṃ. Tathā hi pubbe vuttānipi lakkhaṇādīni punapi vuttāni. Saṃsāradukkhato nibbinnamānasassa assāsaṃ karonto viya hotīti assāsakaraṇarasaṃ. Rāgādisabbapapañcavūpasamanimittatāya nippapañcataṃ paccupaṭṭhapetīti nippapañcapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ.

557.Nattheva nibbānanti yadi sāmaññato paṭiññā, attanā adhippetanibbānassapi abhāvo āpajjati, tathā sati paṭiññāvirodho. Atha parābhimataṃ nibbānaṃ pati, evaṃ sati dhammiasiddhi, tato ca nissayāsiddho hetu. Anupalabbhanīyatoti kiṃ paccakkhato, udāhu anumānato? Purimasmiṃ pakkhe cakkhādīhi anekantikatā, dutiyasmiṃ paraṃ pati asiddho hetu. Tenāha ‘‘na, upāyena upalabbhanīyato’’tiādi. Tattha yathā cetopariyañāṇalābhino eva ariyā paresaṃ lokuttaracittaṃ jānanti, tatthāpi ca arahā eva sabbesaṃ, na sabbe, evaṃ nibbānampi sīlasamādhipaññāsaṅkhātasammāpaṭipattibhūtena upāyena upalabbhatīti atthavacanaṃ cetaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, na payogavacanaṃ. Taṃ parato āvi bhavissati.

558.Natthīti na vattabbaṃ, ariyehi upalabbhanīyatoti adhippāyo. Saṃsārato saṃviggamānasā sammāpaṭipattiyā nibbānaṃ adhigacchantīti sabbasamayasiddhoyaṃ nayo. Tattha sāsanikameva nissāya vadati ‘‘paṭipattiyā vañcubhāvāpajjanato’’ti. Tenāha ‘‘asati hī’’tiādi. Sammādiṭṭhipurejavāyāti sammādiṭṭhipubbaṅgamāya. Pubbaṅgamatā cassā padhānabhāvato. Tathā hi sā paṭhamaṃ desanāruḷhā, na sabbapaṭhamaṃ uppajjanato. Na cāyaṃ sammāpaṭipatti vañjhā, nibbānapāpanato nibbānassa sampāpakato. Tava matena pana nibbānasseva abhāvato vañjhabhāvo āpajjatīti yojanā. Abhāvapāpakattāti sammāpaṭipattiyā kilesasamucchindanamukhena khandhānaṃ abhāvasampāpakabhāvato, na vañjhabhāvāpattīti ce vadeyyāsīti attho. Na iti paṭikkhepe. Yaṃ tayā ‘‘abhāvapāpakattā’’ti vadantena khandhābhāvo nibbānanti paṭiññātaṃ, taṃ na. Kasmā? Atītānāgatābhāvepi nibbānappattiyā abhāvato. Atītānāgatā hi khandhā na santīti tasmiṃ abhāve nibbānaṃ adhigataṃ nāma siyā, so pana natthīti. Na kevalaṃ atītānāgatānameva, atha kho vattamānānampīti tiyaddhagatānaṃ sabbesaṃ khandhānaṃ abhāvo nibbānaṃ. Na hi taṃ ekadesābhāvo bhavituṃ yuttanti vattamānā ce, na na santi, na santi ce, na vattamānāti ‘‘vattamānā, na santi cā’’ti vippaṭisiddhametanti āha ‘‘na, tesaṃ…pe… pajjanato’’ti.

Kiñca bhiyyo – yadi vattamānābhāvo nibbānaṃ, yadā ariyamaggo vattati, tadā tassa nissayabhūtā khandhā vattamānāti katvā tadā nibbānassa abhāvo siyā. Tathā ca sati maggakkhaṇepi nibbānasacchikiriyāya abhāvo āpajjatīti dassento ‘‘vattamāna…pe… dosato’’ti āha. Na mayaṃ sabbesaṃyeva avattamānatāya nibbānaṃ vadāma. Kiñcarahīti, tadā maggakkhaṇe kilesānaṃ avattamānattā, tasmā na doso yathāvuttadosābhāvoti? Yadi kilesānaṃ avattamānatāsaṅkhāto abhāvo nibbānaṃ, evaṃ sati ariyamaggassa niratthakatā āpajjati maggakkhaṇato pubbepi tadabhāvasiddhito. Tenāha ‘‘ariyamaggassā’’tiādi. Tasmā akāraṇametanti yasmā na nibbānassa anupalabbhanīyatā, abhāvamattatā, paṭipattiyā vañjhabhāvo, atītānāgatābhāve nibbānādhigamo ca āpajjati, vattamānānaṃ abhāvopi na sambhavati, pageva kilesānaṃ avattamānatā, ariyamaggassa ca niratthakabhāvāpatti, tasmā nibbānassa abhāvasādhanatthaṃ yadidaṃ ‘‘anupalabbhanīyato, abhāvapāpakattā, tadā kilesānaṃ avattamānattā’’ti ca kāraṇaṃ vuttaṃ, akāraṇametaṃ, ayuttiresāti attho.

559.Ādivacanatoti ādi-saddena avasiṭṭhaṃ jambukhādakasuttapadesaṃ (saṃ. ni. 4.314 ādayo), aññampi asaṅkhatāya dhātuyā niddesapāḷiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Tathā hi ‘‘nibbānaṃ nibbānanti, āvuso sāriputta, vuccati, katamaṃ nu kho, āvuso, nibbānanti? Yo kho, āvuso, rāgakkhayo dosakkhayo mohakkhayo, idaṃ vuccati nibbāna’’nti jambukhādakasutte (saṃ. ni. 4.314 ādayo), ‘‘tattha katamā asaṅkhatā dhātu? Rāgakkhayo dosakkhayo mohakkhayo’’ti (vibha. 184) āyatanavibhaṅge vuttaṃ. Tatrāyamattho – nibbānaṃ asaṅkhatā dhātu asaṅkhatasabhāvo dhammo. Yasmā taṃ āgamma rāgādayo khīyanti, tasmā rāgakkhayo, dosakkhayo, mohakkhayoti ca vuccatīti. Āgammāti ca sabbasaṅkhārehi nibbinnassa visaṅkhāraninnassa gotrabhunā vivaṭṭitamānasassa maggena sacchikaraṇenāti attho. Sacchikiriyamānañhi taṃ adhigantvā ārammaṇapaccayabhūtañca paṭicca adhipatipaccayabhūte ca tasmiṃ paramassāsabhāvena vinimuttasaṅkhārassa paramagatibhāvena ca patiṭṭhānabhūte patiṭṭhāya khayasaṅkhāto maggo rāgādayo khepetīti taṃsacchikaraṇābhāve rāgādīnaṃ anuppattinirodhagamanābhāvā taṃ āgamma rāgādayo khīyantīti vuccanti. Ekaṃsena cetaṃ evaṃ sampaṭicchitabbaṃ, itarathā yathārutavasena pāḷiyā atthe gayhamāne bahū dosā āpajjantīti te dassetuṃ ‘‘arahattassāpī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Arahattañhi aggaphalapamukhā cattāro khandhāti na tassa rāgādikhayamattatā yuttā. Tampi hi…pe… niddiṭṭhaṃ. Tattha yathā rāgādīnaṃ khīṇante uppannattā arahattaṃ ‘‘rāgakkhayo’’tiādinā niddiṭṭhanti suttassa neyyatthattā. Evaṃ nibbānaṃ āgamma rāgādayo khīyantīti nibbānaṃ ‘‘rāgakkhayo’’tiādinā niddiṭṭhanti imassāpi suttassa neyyatthatā veditabbā. Nibbānassa rāgādikkhayamattatāya bahūdosā āpajjantīti dassetuṃ ‘‘kiñca bhiyyo’’tiādi āraddhaṃ.

Tattha ittarakālādippattidosatoti rāgādīnaṃ khayamattatāya parittakālatā, saṅkhatalakkhaṇatā, payogena vinā saraseneva adhigandhabbatā, rāgādīhi aparimuttatā, ādittatā, dukkhatā, anupasantatā, bahubhāvo, oḷārikatā, gotrabhumaggānaṃ anārammaṇatāti evamādidosāpajjanato. Rāgasseva khayo rāgakkhayo, na dosādīnaṃ. Tathā dosakkhayādayopīti añño rāgakkhayo, añño dosakkhayo, añño mohakkhayoti tiṇṇaṃ akusalamūlānaṃ khayabhūtāni tīṇi nibbānāni, catunnaṃ upādānānaṃ khaye cattāri, pañcannaṃ nīvaraṇānaṃ khaye pañca, channaṃ taṇhākāyānaṃ khaye cha, sattannaṃ anusayānaṃ khaye satta, aṭṭhannaṃ micchattānaṃ khaye aṭṭha, navannaṃ taṇhāmūlakānaṃ khaye nava, dasannaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ khaye dasa, diyaḍḍhakilesasahassassa khaye pāṭiyekkaṃ nibbānanti bahūni nibbānāni honti. Rāgādikkhayo nāma andhabālānampi pākaṭo, antamaso dīpimigamakkaṭādīnampi suviññeyyoti oḷārikaṃ nibbānaṃ hoti. Gotrabhukkhaṇe kilesakkhayassa abhāvato, maggakkhaṇe ca akhīṇattā, ārammaṇakaraṇassa ca asambhavo eva. Tassa nibbānabhāvatoti sabbapariyosānassa rāgādikkhayassa nibbānabhāvato. Yato khayato paṭṭhāya rāgādīnaṃ pavatti na hoti, so ‘‘ayaṃ nāmā’’ti niyametabbo maggaphalañāṇānaṃ ārammaṇabhūto natthīti āha ‘‘na tādisassa khayassa abhāvato’’ti.

Kiñca bhiyyo – yo pacchimabhavato tatiyattabhāveyeva rāgādīsu ādīnavaṃ disvā jhānabhāvanāya te vikkhambhetvā aparihīnajjhāno kālaṃ katvā brahmalokaṃ upapanno, tattha yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā idhāgatopi kāmesu vītarāgova hutvā pabbajitvā arahattaṃ patto, yo ca paṭhamavaye eva rāgādito nibbinno te ca jhānena vikkhambhetvā pacchimavaye arahattaṃ patto, tesaṃ rāgādīnaṃ vikkhambhanato paṭṭhāya anuppajjanato nirodhasadisatāya anuppattiyeva nirodho. Te nibbānappattā nāma siyuṃ, na ca honti, tasmā na tādisassa khayassa nibbānabhāvo. Tassāpi ittarakālatādidosasamāyogo evāti āha ‘‘bhāvepi cā’’tiādi.

Yadi ‘‘khayo’’ti vacanato yato khayato paṭṭhāya rāgādīnaṃ appavatti, taṃ khayamattaṃ nibbānaṃ maññasi, evaṃ sati ‘‘khaye ñāṇa’’ntiādīsu (dha. sa. dukamātikā 142; 1382) ‘‘khayo’’ti vuttattā taduppattito paṭṭhāya ca rāgādīnaṃ anuppattīti maggassāpi nibbānabhāvāpattīti dassento ‘‘ariyamaggassa cā’’tiādimāha.

Yathā niruddhā na santi, evaṃ anuppannāpīti abhāvasāmaññato nirodhasadisatāya anuppatti eva nirodho anuppattinirodho. Ayañhi maggena khepetabbākāro, yadidaṃ uppajjanārahassa anuppattidhammatāpādananti ‘‘khayo’’ti ca vuccatīti. Taṃ itarakhayato visesento ‘‘anuppattinirodhasaṅkhātassa pana khayassā’’ti āha. Anipphannatā pana tassa khayassa pariyāyena upanissayattāti vuttaṃ. Anuppattinirodhakkhayakarassa hi maggassa ārammaṇabhūtaṃ nibbānaṃ atthato tassa upanissayo viyāti vattabbataṃ labhati. Tadupacārenāti atthato phalabhūtakhayavohārena. Phalūpacārena hi kāraṇaṃ voharīyati yathā ‘‘āyu ghataṃ, semho guḷo’’ti ca.

Assāti nibbānassa. ‘‘Idampi kho ṭhānaṃ sududdasa’’ntiādinā (dī. ni. 2.64, 66-67; ma. ni. 2.337; saṃ. ni. 1.172; mahāva. 7-8) paccavekkhato bhagavato appossukkabhāvāvahanato. ‘‘Tañhi te, māgaṇḍiya, ariyaṃ cakkhuṃ natthi, yena tvaṃ ariyena cakkhunā ārogyaṃ jāneyyāsi, nibbānaṃ passeyyāsī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.218) vacanato ariyena cakkhunā passitabbaṃ.

560.Yadi nibbānaṃ nāma sabhāvadhammo atthi sattasantānapariyāpanno ca, atha kasmā catumahāpathe sabhā viya sabbasādhāraṇā na labbhatīti āha ‘‘maggasamaṅginā pattabbato asādhāraṇa’’nti. ‘‘Asukassa sammāsambuddhassa kāle uppanna’’nti evaṃ purimāya koṭiyā abhāvato appabhavaṃ. Maggabhāveti ariyamaggassa atthibhāve. Bhāvato vijjamānato laddhabbato.

Aṇuādīnanti aṇupakatikālapurisādīnaṃ. Niccabhāvāpattīti sassatabhāvasiddhi. Kūṭaṭṭhaniccatā hi idhādhippetā. Hetuno abhāvāti upapattiyā sādhanahetuno abhāvā. Niccā te aṇuādayo. Nibbānassa niccattāti apekkhadhammattāti hetulakkhaṇānupapatti. ‘‘Aṇuādīnaṃ asiddhattā’’ti etena ‘‘niccā aṇuādayo’’ti paṭiññāya dhammiasiddhi, tato ca nissayāsiddho hetūti dasseti.

561.Yathāvuttayuttisabbhāvatoti ‘‘appabhavattā’’ti attanā vuttaṃ hetuṃ sandhāyāha. Appabhavatā cassa apaccayatāya daṭṭhabbā, tāya tassa purimāya koṭiyā abhāvo. ‘‘Rūpasabhāvātikkamato’’ti etena yathā rūpadhammānaṃ ruppanasabhāvo, paṭighātavantatāya kalāpaso vuttiyā padesasambandho ca sabhāvo, evaṃ nibbānassa katthaci paṭighāto, sappadesatā ca natthīti dasseti. Na hi nibbānaṃ ‘‘asukadisāya, asukadese’’ti vā niddisīyati, yato taṃ appatiṭṭhamevāti.

‘‘Asithila …pe… gamanīyato’’ti etena nibbānassa ariyānaṃ paccakkhasiddhataṃ dasseti. ‘‘Sabbaññuvacanato’’ti etena tadaññesaṃ anumānasiddhataṃ, tadubhayena ‘‘anupalabbhanīyato’’ti panassa hetuno asiddhataṃ dasseti. Paramatthena nāvijjamānaṃ vijjamānamevāti yathāraddhamatthaṃ nigametvā tadatthasādhanaṃ āgamaṃ dassento ‘‘vuttañheta’’nti-. ādimāha.

Tattha ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhatanti (udā. 73; netti. 41) cattāripi padāni aññamaññavevacanāni. Atha vā vedanādayo viya hetupaccayasamavāyasaṅkhātāya kāraṇasāmaggiyā na jātaṃ na nibbattanti ajātaṃ. Kāraṇena vinā, sayameva ca na bhūtaṃ na pātubhūtaṃ na uppannanti abhūtaṃ. Evaṃ ajātattā, abhūtattā ca yena kenaci kāraṇena na katanti akataṃ. Jātabhūtakatabhāvo ca nāma rūpādīnaṃ saṅkhatadhammānaṃ hoti, na asaṅkhatabhāvassa nibbānassāti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘asaṅkhata’’nti vuttaṃ. Paṭilomato vā samecca sambhūya paccayehi katanti saṅkhataṃ, tathā na saṅkhataṃ saṅkhatalakkhaṇarahitanti ca asaṅkhatanti evaṃ anekehi kāraṇehi nibbattitabhāve paṭisiddhe ‘‘pakativādīnaṃ pakati viya siyā nu kho ekeneva kāraṇena etaṃ kata’’nti āsaṅkāyaṃ kenaci na katanti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘akata’’nti vuttaṃ. Evaṃ apaccayampi samānaṃ ‘‘sayameva nu kho idaṃ bhūtaṃ pātubhūta’’nti āsaṅkāyaṃ taṃ nivattanatthaṃ ‘‘abhūta’’nti vuttaṃ. Ayañcetassa asaṅkhatākatābhūtabhāvo sabbena sabbaṃ ajātidhammattāti dassetuṃ ‘‘ajāta’’nti vuttaṃ.

Evamettha satthā paramatthato nibbānassa atthibhāvaṃ pavedesi. Pavedento ca ‘‘ahaṃ dhammissaro dhammassāmī’’ti na attano āṇāmattena pavedesi, apica kho pana padaparame anukampamāno yuttitopi pavedesi. Yathāha –

‘‘No cetaṃ, bhikkhave, abhavissa ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhataṃ, nayidha jātassa bhūtassa katassa saṅkhatassa nissaraṇaṃ paññāyetha. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, atthi ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhataṃ, tasmā jātassa bhūtassa katassa saṅkhatassa nissaraṇaṃ paññāyatī’’ti (udā. 73; netti. 41).

Tassattho – bhikkhave, yadi ajātādisabhāvā asaṅkhatā dhātu na abhavissa na siyā, idha loke jātādisabhāvassa rūpādikkhandhapañcakasaṅkhātassa saṅkhatassa nissaraṇaṃ anavasesavūpasamo na paññāyeyya na upalabbheyya na sambhaveyya. Nibbānañhi ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattamānā sammādiṭṭhiādayo ariyamaggadhammā anavasesaṃ saṃkilese samucchindanti, tenettha sabbassāpi vaṭṭadukkhassa apagamo nissaraṇaṃ paññāyati. Evaṃ byatirekavasena nibbānassa atthibhāvaṃ dassetvā idāni anugamanavasenapi taṃ dassetvā nigametuṃ ‘‘yasmā ca kho’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tassattho vuttanayeneva veditabbo.

Ettha ca yasmā ‘‘appaccayā dhammā asaṅkhatā dhammā (dha. sa. dukamātikā 7-8). Atthi, bhikkhave, tadāyatanaṃ, yattha neva pathavī (udā. 71). Idampi kho ṭhānaṃ sududdasaṃ, yadidaṃ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo (dī. ni. 2.64, 67; ma. ni. 2.337; saṃ. ni. 2.172; mahāva. 7-8). Asaṅkhatañca vo, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ desessāmi asaṅkhatagāminiñca paṭipada’’ntiādīhi (saṃ. ni. 4.366) anekehi suttapadehi ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, ajāta’’nti (udā. 73; netti. 41) iminā ca suttapadena nibbānadhātuyā paramatthato sabbhāvo sabbalokaṃ anukampamānena sammāsambuddhena pakāsito, tasmā yadipi kattha apaccakkhakārīnampi sāsane abhippasannānaṃ viññūnaṃ saṃsayo natthiyeva. Ye pana paraneyyabuddhino puggalā, tesaṃ vimativinodanatthaṃ ayamettha adhippāyaniddhāraṇamukhena yuttivicāraṇā.

Yathā pariññeyyatāya sauttarānaṃ kāmānaṃ, rūpānañca paṭipakkhabhūtaṃ tabbidhurasabhāvaṃ nissaraṇaṃ paññāyati, evaṃ sabhāvānaṃ sabbesampi saṅkhatadhammānaṃ paṭipakkhabhūtena tabbidhurasabhāvena nissaraṇena bhavitabbaṃ. Yañca taṃ nissaraṇaṃ, sā asaṅkhatā dhātu. Kiñca bhiyyo – saṅkhatadhammārammaṇavipassanāñāṇaṃ, apica anulomañāṇaṃ kilese tadaṅgavasena pajahati, na samucchedavasena pajahituṃ sakkoti. Tathā sammutisaccārammaṇaṃ paṭhamajjhānādīsu ñāṇaṃ vikkhambhanavaseneva kilese pajahati, na samucchedavasena. Iti saṅkhatadhammārammaṇassa, sammutisaccārammaṇassa ca ñāṇassa kilesānaṃ samucchedappahāne asamatthabhāvato tesaṃ samucchedappahānakarassa ariyamaggañāṇassa tadubhayaviparītasabhāvena ārammaṇena bhavitabbaṃ, sā asaṅkhatā dhātu.

Tathā ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ akataṃ asaṅkhata’’nti (udā. 73; netti. 41) evamādi nibbānassa paramatthato atthibhāvajotakavacanaṃ aviparītatthaṃ bhagavatā bhāsitattā. Yañhi bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ, taṃ aviparītatthaṃ yathā taṃ ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā, sabbe saṅkhārā dukkhā, sabbe dhammā anattā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.353, 356; dha. pa. 277-279; theragā. 676-678; netti. 5), tathā nibbānasaddo katthaci visaye yathābhūtaparamatthavisayo upacāravuttisabbhāvato. Seyyathāpi sīhasaddoti evamādīhi nayehi yuttitopi asaṅkhatāya dhātuyā paramatthato atthibhāvo veditabbo.

Aparo nayo – yadi pana nibbānaṃ abhāvamattameva siyā, tassa ‘‘gambhīro duddaso duranubodho santo paṇīto atakkāvacaro nipuṇo paṇḍitavedanīyo’’ti (dī. ni. 2.64, 67; ma. ni. 2.337; saṃ. ni. 1.172; mahāva. 7-8) gambhīrāditā, ‘‘asaṅkhatañca vo, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ desessāmī’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 4.366) asaṅkhatāditā, ‘‘abyākatā dhammā apaccayādhammā’’tiādinā abyākatadhammāditā ca na vattabbā siyā. Na hi abhāvassa koci sabhāvo atthi, yena so gambhīrāsaṅkhatādiākārato viññāyeyya. Abhāvo hi abhāvo eva, kuto tassa gambhīrāsaṅkhātādibhāvasambandho. Kiñcāyamabhāvo sabbesaṃ kilesānaṃ sabbasattasantānagatānaṃ eko vā bhaveyya aneko vā. Yadi eko, ekeneva maggena sabbakilesābhāvo kato, sacchikato cāti aññassa, aññesañca maggānaṃ niratthakatāti na siyā maggabahutā, ekajjhañca sabbasattānaṃ nibbānādhigamo āpajjati. Siyā panevaṃ eko eva so nibbānasaññito kilesābhāvo, so pana na maggehi kātabbo, atha kho sacchikātabboti. Evaṃ sati visesato maggassa niratthakatā āpajjati, kilesānaṃ appahānatoti ekopi maggo na siyā. Asati ca kilesappahāne dukkhassa anupacchedanato kilesābhāvasacchikiriyā kimatthiyā siyā, atha pana maggānaṃ santānagatasaṃyojanattayappahānādipaṭiniyatakiccatāya catūsu maggesu pāṭiyekkaṃ kilesābhāvo. Evaṃ sati sabhāvapabhedena vinā na bahubhāvoti so kilesakkhayapariyāyena vutto sabhāvadhammo eva siyā.

Yesaṃ abhāvo, tappabhedena abhāve bhedopacāroti ce? Yesaṃ abhāvo, tesaṃ sasabhāvatāya tassa sabhāvopacāropi siyā. Tathā ca te saṃkilesasaṅkhatatādito kilesasaṅkhatatādiupacārāpi siyuṃ. No ce te icchitā, tappabhedena bhedopacāropi na icchitabbo. Na ca pahoti upacarito bahubhāvo atthato bahubhāvāya. Na hi jalaṃ analanti upacaritaṃ dahati, pacati vā. Ekattapañhampi cāyamabhāvo asabhāvatāya na sahatīti na sakkā vattuṃ natthibhāvasāmaññato abhedavohāro yuttarūpoti. Ekatte ca pubbe vuttā eva dosā, bahubhāve pana sati vuttanayeneva siddhā sabhāvadhammatā. Sabhāvadhammattepi ca bahubhāvo viya bhāvaṃ bhāvopi bahubhāvaṃ na byabhicareyyāti nibbānassa bahubhāvapasaṅgo siyāti ce? Na bahubhāvasseva abhāvappasaṅgato. Yadi hi yathā kakkhaḷatā bhāvaṃ, evaṃ bhāvopi kakkhaḷataṃ na byabhicareyya. Evaṃ sati sabbesaṃ bhāvānaṃ pathavībhāvāpattito kuto bhāvassa bahubhāvo, tasmā lokavohārānaṃ vicittatāya yadipi bahutā bhāvāpekkhā, bhāvatā pana na bahutāpekkhāti na bhāvassa sato nibbānassa bahubhāvo ‘‘ekā niṭṭhā na puthu niṭṭhā’’ti vacanato. Ekasmiṃyeva ca dassanabhāvanādvayaṃ sambhavati.

Parinibbutānaṃ paccekaṃ nibbānabhāve sattasantānaniyataṃ nāma nibbānaṃ siyā. Tathā ca sati saṅkhatatādidosānativattiyeva, kilesappahānaṃ vā maggakiccaṃ kilesānaṃ abhāvo. Tassa ca ekatte na maggabahutā kiccantarassa kattabbassa abhāvato. Maggabahubhāvo ca maggehi sacchikātabbe ekasmiṃ dhamme indriyānaṃ apāṭavapāṭavapāṭavatarapāṭavatamabhāvena sacchikiriyāvisesena kilesānaṃ pahānabhedena hotīti nibbānassa sabhāvadhammatte eva siyā. Abhāvopi ca kilesānaṃ maggena sakiccakatāya kātabbo eva siyā, na sacchikātabbo. Ko hi sabhāvo abhāvassa? Yo sacchikātabbo siyā, so ce nibbānaṃ ekeneva maggena sabbakilesānaṃ abhāvo eko abhinno kātabbo āpanno. Aññathā maggavasena catubbidhabhāve nibbānassa catubbidhabhāvappasaṅgo, nibbānavisesappasaṅgo ca āpajjeyyāti maggakiccassa ekattena maggabahutā siyā. Bahubhāve pana tesaṃ so vuttanayena ekasmiṃ dhamme sacchikiriyāvisesatoti siddhā nibbānassa sabhāvadhammatā. Khayādhigantabbatāya panetaṃ ‘‘khayo’’ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Khaye ñāṇa’’nti (dha. sa. dukamātikā 142; 1382) hi vacanato ariyamaggo khayo nāma. Tena cetaṃ adhigantabbaṃ sacchikātabbaṃ, tasmā ‘‘khayo’’ti vuttanti.

562.Aṭṭha dhammāti ‘‘katamaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasacca’’nti ārabhitvā ‘‘sammādiṭṭhī’’tiādinā pāḷiyaṃ (vibha. 205) dukkhanirodhagāminipaṭipadāniddese āgatā, tameva ca pāḷiṃ ānetvā uddesavasena idha ca vuttā sammādiṭṭhiādayo aṭṭha dhammā atthato pakāsitā, na maggasaccaniddesavasenāti adhippāyo. Yadi atthato pakāsitā, kimatthiyaṃ pana idha kathananti āha ‘‘idha panā’’tiādi. Tattha ‘‘ekakkhaṇe pavattamānāna’’nti idaṃ lokiyakusalacittuppādesu viratiyo nānākkhaṇikā eva hontīti katvā vuttaṃ. Sesamaggadhammā pana tatthāpi ekajjhaṃ uppajjantiyeva. Visesāvabodhanatthanti paṭipakkhasamugghātādipavattiākāravisesassa avabodhanatthaṃ. Vitthārato maggakathā parato āvi bhavissatīti āha ‘‘saṅkhepato’’ti. Catusaccapaṭivedhāya paṭipannassāti yathā catusaccābhisamayo hoti, evaṃ sabbaso pubbabhāgapaṭipattiyā paripūraṇavasena paṭipannassa. Ariyamaggasaṅkhātassa yogassa sabbhāvato yogino. Kāmaṃ avijjānusayasamugghāte tadekaṭṭhakilesānaṃ lesopi nāvasissati, vijjāya pana avijjā ujuvipaccanīkadhammoti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘avijjānusayasamugghātaka’’nti vuttaṃ. Parato micchāsaṅkappādiggahaṇepi eseva nayo. Dhātuppakāsanarasāti paramatthapakāsanarasā, catusaccavibhāvanakiccāti attho. Maggadhammānaṃ paṭipakkhavidhamanākāro sātisayaṃ pākaṭo hutvā upaṭṭhātīti avijjānusayasamugghātakataṃ sammādiṭṭhiyā vatvāpi avijjandhakāraviddhaṃsanapaccupaṭṭhānatā vuttā.

Tathā sampannadiṭṭhinoti yathā avijjānusayasamugghāto hoti, tathā maggasammādiṭṭhiyā sampannadiṭṭhino. Evañhi catusaccapaṭivedhāya paṭipannassa yoginoti imamatthaṃ tathā-saddo upasaṃharati. Nibbānārammaṇatā pana taṃsampayuttavacaneneva bodhitā. Micchāsaṅkappanighātakanti kāmasaṅkappādimicchāsaṅkappasamucchedakaṃ. Appanārasoti nibbānārammaṇe maggacittassa samuppādavasena pavattanato appanākicco.

Tathā passato vitakkayato cāti vuttappakārāya sammādiṭṭhiyā passato, nibbānārammaṇe ca sammāsaṅkappena cittaṃ abhiniropayato. Vacīduccaritasamugghātikāti catubbidhassapi vacīduccaritassa samucchedikā. Musāvādādīnaṃ visaṃvādanādikiccatāya lūkhānaṃ apariggāhakānaṃ paṭipakkhabhāvato siniddhabhāvena sampayuttadhammānaṃ pariggāhakasabhāvā sammāvācāti āha ‘‘sā pariggahalakkhaṇā’’ti. Kāyikakiriyā kiñci kattabbaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, sayañca samuṭṭhahanaṃ ghaṭanaṃ hotīti sammākammantasaṅkhātā viratipi samuṭṭhānasabhāvā vuttā. Sampayuttadhammānaṃ vā ukkhipanaṃ samuṭṭhāpanaṃ kāyikakiriyāya bhārukkhipanaṃ viya.

Assāti yogino. Tasmiṃ sati visujjhanato visuddhibhūtā. Jīvamānassa sattassa, sampayuttadhammānaṃ vā suddhi vodānaṃ, ājīvasseva vā jīvitindriyavuttiyā. Ñāyājīvassa abuddhapaṭikuṭṭhāya sammājīvikāya pavattihetutāya ñāyājīvapavattiraso. Imassa hi pavattito paṭṭhāya micchājīvo na pavattatīti.

Sabbākusalaviddhaṃsakopi sammāvāyāmo ujupaṭipakkhadassanavasena kosajjasamucchedako vutto. Saṃkilesapakkhatopi tassa paggaṇhanaṃ paggaho. Kāyādīsu subhādiākārupadhāraṇavasena pavattā subhasaññādipubbaṅgamā akusalakkhandhā micchāsati, tassā viddhaṃsano micchāsativiniddhunano. Asammosoti sammosaviddhaṃsanato tappaṭipakkho. Ārammaṇassa yathāsabhāvasallakkhaṇaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ. ‘‘Ārakkhapaccupaṭṭhānā’’ti, ‘‘satārakkhena cetasā’’ti (dī. ni. 3.348) ca vacanato visesato sati kusalacittassa ārakkhāti āha ‘‘satiyā saṃrakkhiyamānacittassā’’ti.

563.Saccañāṇassāti saccāni ārabbha pavattanakañāṇassa, na paṭivedhañāṇaṃ viya sakideva bujjhati, atha kho punappunaṃ uppajjanato anu anu bodho anubodho, anussavākāraparivitakkadiṭṭhinijjhānakkhantianugato vā bodho anubodho, tadeva ñāṇanti anubodhañāṇaṃ. Na hi taṃ paccakkhato bujjhati, anussavādivasena pana kappanamukhena bujjhati. Kiccatoti parijānanādito. Taṃkiccakaraṇeneva hi pariññeyyādīni viya tānipi tassa pākaṭāni honti. Vivaṭṭānupassanāya hi saṅkhārehi patilīyamānamānasassa uppajjamānaṃ maggañāṇaṃ visaṅkhāraṃ dukkhanissaraṇaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā dukkhaṃ paricchindati, dukkhagatañca taṇhaṃ pajahati, nirodhañca sacchikaroti phusati. Ādicco viya pabhāya sammāsaṅkappādīhi saha samuppannaṃ taṃ maggaṃ bhāveti, na ca saṅkhāre amuñcitvā pavattamānena ñāṇena etaṃ sabbaṃ kātuṃ sakkā nimittapavattehi avuṭṭhitattā. Tasmā etāni kiccāni karontaṃ taṃ ñāṇaṃ dukkhādīni vibhāveti tattha sammohanivattanenāti ‘‘cattāripi saccāni paṭivijjhatī’’ti vuttaṃ, ekapaṭivedhenāti adhippāyo.

Dukkhasamudayampi so passatīti kālantaradassanaṃ sandhāya vuttanti ce? Na, ‘‘yo nu kho, āvuso, dukkhaṃ passati, dukkhasamudayampi so passatī’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 5.1100) ekadassino aññattayadassitāvicāraṇāyaṃ taṃsādhanatthaṃ āyasmatā gavampatittherena imassa suttassa ānītattā, paccekañca saccesu dissamānesu aññattayadassanassa yojitattā. Aññathā anupubbābhisamaye purimadiṭṭhassa pacchā adassanato samudayādidassino dukkhādidassitā na yojetabbā siyā. Yojitā ca sā ‘‘yo dukkhasamudayaṃ passati, dukkhampi so passatī’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 5.1100). Lokiyaṃ saccañāṇaṃ. Tattha lokiyañāṇe. Pariyuṭṭhānasaṅkhāto abhibhavo pariyuṭṭhānābhibhavo, tassa vasena. Suddhasaṅkhārapuñjamattadassanato sakkāyadiṭṭhipariyuṭṭhānaṃ nivatteti. ‘‘Lokasamudayaṃ kho, kaccāna, yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato yā loke natthitā, sā na hotī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.15) vacanato samudayadassanaṃ hetuphalapabandhāvicchedadassanato pariyuṭṭhānābhibhavavasena pavattamānaṃ ucchedadiṭṭhiṃ nivatteti. ‘‘Lokanirodhaṃ kho…pe… passato yā loke atthitā, sā na hotī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.15) vacanato nirodhadassanaṃ hetunirodhā phalanirodhadassanato sassatadiṭṭhiṃ nivatteti. Attakārassa paccakkhadassanato maggadassanaṃ ‘‘natthi attakāre, natthi parakāre, natthi purisakāre’’tiādikaṃ (dī. ni. 1.168) akiriyadiṭṭhiṃ pajahati. ‘‘Natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya, ahetū appaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti, natthi hetu…pe… visuddhiyā, ahetū appaccayā sattā visujjhantī’’tiādikā (dī. ni. 1.168; ma. ni. 2.101, 227; saṃ. ni. 3.212) ahetukadiṭṭhi ca idha akiriyādiṭṭhiggahaṇeneva gahitāti daṭṭhabbā. Sāpi hi visuddhimaggadassanena pahīyatīti. Dukkhe ñāṇaṃ samudayaphalassa dukkhassa addhuvādibhāvaṃ passatīti phale vippaṭipattiṃ nivatteti.

Issaro lokaṃ pavatteti sajjeti nivatteti saṃharatīti issarakāraṇino vadanti. Padhānato loko āvi bhavati, tattheva ca patilīyatīti padhānakāraṇino.

‘‘Kālo karoti bhūtāni, kālo saṃharatī pajā;

Kālo sutte jāgarati, kālo hi duratikkamo’’ti. –

Kālavādino. Kaṇṭakassa tikhiṇabhāvo viya, kapiṭṭhaphalādīnaṃ parimaṇḍalatā viya, migapakkhisarīsapādīnaṃ vicittatā viya ca sabhāveneva loko sambhoti, vibhoti cāti sabhāvavādino. Ādi-saddena aṇūhi loko pavattati, sabbaṃ pubbekatahetu, loko niyato acchejjasuttāvutābhejjamaṇisadiso, na ettha kassaci purisakāroti niyativādino.

‘‘Yadicchāya pavattanti, yadicchāya nivattare;

Yadicchāya sukhaṃ dukkhaṃ, tasmā yādicchakī pajā’’ti. –

Yadicchāvādino, ye adhiccasamuppattivādinoti ca vuccanti. Evamādiakāraṇavādasaṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Rāmudakaāḷārādīnaṃ viya, arūpaloke nigaṇṭhānaṃ viya ca lokathūpikāyaṃ apavaggo mokkhoti gahaṇaṃ apavaggagāho. Ādi-saddena padhānassa appavatti, guṇaviyuttassa attano sakattani avaṭṭhānaṃ, brahmunā salokatā, samīpatā, saṃyogo, diṭṭhadhammanibbānavādāti evamādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ettha ca padhānassa appavatti mahatādibhāvena apariṇāmo, anabhibyatti vā. ‘‘Ahamañño, pakati aññā’’ti evaṃ pavattapakatipurisantarajānanena attasukhadukkhamohesu avibhāgaggahaṇe kira nivattite vuttanayena padhānaṃ nappavattati, so vimokkhoti kāpilā. Guṇaviyuttassāti buddhisukhadukkhaicchādosappayattadhammādhammasaṅkhārehi navahi attaguṇehi viyuttassāti kaṇādamatānusārino. Salokatā brahmunā samānalokatā. Samīpatā tassa samīpappavattitā. Saṃyogo tena ekībhāvūpagamanaṃ. ‘‘Indriyatappanaputtamukhadassanādīhi vinā apavaggo natthī’’ti gahetvā tathā pavattanaṃ kāmasukhallikānuyogo. Anasanakesaluñcanāditapacariyāya naggasīlagosīlakukkurasīlādīhi ca attaparitāpanena mokkho hotīti attakilamatho.

Svāyaṃ sabbo micchāgāho saccañāṇe sati patiṭṭhaṃ na labhatīti vuttamevatthaṃ saṅgaṇhanto ‘‘loke lokappabhave’’ti gāthamāhāti.

564.Sesā sabbadhammāti sesā ekāsīti lokiyadhammā. Ajjhattikabāhiresu dvādasasu āyatanesu kāmabhavavibhavataṇhāvasena dvādasatikā chattiṃsa taṇhāvicaritāni, khuddakavatthuvibhaṅge vā āgatanayena kālavibhāgaṃ anāmasitvā vuttāni. Tadāmasane hi aṭṭhasataṃ honti. Asammissanti ekakattā kenaci asammissaṃ, kuto tadantogadhappabhedoti adhippāyo. Vīmaṃsiddhipādādīnaṃ bodhipakkhiyānaṃ satipi kiccanānatte atthato ekattā sammādiṭṭhiyā saṅgahoti sammādiṭṭhimukhena tadantogadhatā vuttā.

Tayo nekkhammavitakkādayoti lokiyakkhaṇe alobhamettākaruṇāsampayogavasena bhinnā, maggakkhaṇe lobhabyāpādavihiṃsāsamucchedanavasena tayoti ekopi vutto. Esa nayo sammāvācādīsu. Appicchatāsantuṭṭhitānaṃ pana bhāve sammāājīvasambhavato tena tesaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Bhavantarepi jīvitahetupi ariyehi avītikkamanīyattā ariyakantānaṃ sammāvācādisīlānaṃ gahaṇena yena saddhāhatthena tāni gahetabbāni, so saddhāhattho gahito eva hotīti tato anaññāni saddhindriyasaddhābalāni tattha antogadhāni vuttāni. Chando pana saddhānuguṇoti katvā chandiddhipādassāpi tadantogadhatā vuttā. Tesaṃ atthitāyāti saddhindriyasaddhābalachandiddhipādānaṃ atthitāya sīlassa atthibhāvato tividhenāpi sīlena te tayopi gahitāti tattha antogadhā. Cittasamādhīti cittiddhipādaṃ vadati. ‘‘Cittaṃ paññañca bhāvaya’’nti (saṃ. ni. 1.23, 192; peṭako. 22; mi. pa. 2.1.9) hi cittamukhena samādhi vuttoti samādhimukhena cittampi vattabbataṃ arahati. Cittiddhipādabhāvanāya pana samādhipi adhimatto hotīti vīmaṃsiddhipādādivacanaṃ viya cittiddhipādoti avatvā idha ‘‘cittasamādhī’’ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyatī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.466; 3.359; saṃ. ni. 5.376; a. ni. 3.96; 11.12) vacanato samādhiupakārā pītipassaddhiyo, tasmā samādhiggahaṇena gahitā. Upekkhā pana samādhiupakārakato, taṃsadisakiccato ca. Tasmā samādhisīsena etesaṃ antogadhatā daṭṭhabbā.

565.Bhāro viya dukkhasaccaṃ vighātakattā, saṃharaṇīyavasena vihantabhāvatoti attho. Bhārādānamiva tattha tattha bhave uppajjanakavighātassa hetubhāvato. Bhāranikkhepanamiva pavattidukkhavūpasamabhāvato. Rogo viya, dubbhikkhamiva ca bādhakattā. Roganidānaṃ viya, dubbuṭṭhi viya ca pabhavalakkhaṇattā. Dubbuṭṭhīti ca avassanaṃ vā ativassanaṃ vā. Rogavūpasamo viya, subhikkhamiva ca santilakkhaṇattā, sukhabhāvato. ‘‘Nibbānaṃ paramaṃ sukha’’nti (dha. pa. 203-204) hi vuttaṃ. Bhesajjamiva, suvuṭṭhi viya ca dukkhassa hetupacchedato, tassa ca apagamūpāyabhāvato. Niyyānalakkhaṇañhi maggasaccaṃ. Aniṭṭhabhāvato, sāsaṅkasappaṭibhayato ca dukkhaṃ verivisarukkhabhayaorimatīrūpamaṃ. Veraṃ byāpādo, paccatthikabhāvo vā. Verasamugghāto veravūpasamo mettā. Verasamugghātupāyo saṅgahavatthūni.

566.Esa nayo samudayādīsūti atthi cettha samudayo, na ariyasaccaṃ, atthi ariyasaccaṃ, na samudayo, atthi samudayo ceva ariyasaccañca, atthi neva samudayo na ariyasaccanti. Sesasaccadvayepi eseva nayo. Na ariyasaccaṃ pariññeyyapahātabbāsaṅkhataniyyānabhāvābhāvato. Itaraṃ pana ariyasaccadvayanti samudayamaggasaccadvayamāha. Siyā dukkhaṃ saṅkhāradukkhatāya. Tenāha ‘‘aniccato’’ti. Tathattenāti tathasabhāvena, pariññeyyabhāvenāti attho. Etena taṃ ariyasaccadvayaṃ ‘‘siyā dukkhaṃ, na ariyasaccaṃ, siyā ariyasaccaṃ, na dukkha’’nti imamatthaṃ dasseti. Ariyasaccasaddaparā hi dukkhādisaddā pariññeyyādibhāvaṃ vadanti. Teneva ariyasaccasaddānapekkhaṃ dukkhasaddaṃ sandhāya maggasampayuttasāmaññaphaladhammānaṃ ādipadasaṅgaho vutto, ariyasaccasaddāpekkhaṃ pana sandhāya catutthapadasaṅgaho.

Sabbākārenāti sabbappakārena. Yathā maggasampayuttadhammādayo ekaṅgavikalā, evaṃ ahutvā sabbaṅgayogena dukkhatāya ceva ariyasaccatāya cāti attho. ‘‘Upādānakkhandhapañcaka’’nti vutte taṇhāyapi saṅgaho siyāti taṃnivattanatthaṃ ‘‘aññatra taṇhāyā’’ti vuttaṃ tassā visuṃ ariyasaccabhāvato. Samudayādīsu avasesakilesādayo pabhavaṭṭhena samudayo, na ariyasaccaṃ suttantasaṃvaṇṇanā ayanti katvā. Nirodho ariyasaccaṃ, na samudayo. Itaraṃ pana ariyasaccadvayaṃ siyā samudayo attano phalassa paccayaṭṭhena, na pana yassa pahānāya bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati tathattena, sabbākārena pana taṇhāsamudayo ceva ariyasaccañca. Maggasampayuttadhammā, sāmaññaphalāni ca yassa pahānāya bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati tathattena neva samudayo, na ariyasaccaṃ. Saṅkhāranirodho, nirodhasamāpatti ca nirodho, na ariyasaccaṃ. Samudayo ariyasaccaṃ, na nirodho. Itaraṃ pana ariyasaccadvayaṃ siyā nirodho khaṇanirodhasabbhāvato, na pana yassa sacchikiriyāya bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati tathattena. Sabbākārena pana asaṅkhatā dhātu nirodho ceva ariyasaccañca. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva. Ariyamaggato aññāni maggāni maggo, na ariyasaccaṃ. Nirodho ariyasaccaṃ, na maggo. Itaraṃ pana saccadvayaṃ siyā maggo bhavagāminipaṭipadābhāvato, na pana yassa bhāvanāya bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati tathattena, sabbākārena pana nirodhagāminipaṭipadā maggo ceva ariyasaccañca. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.

567.Suññānīti vedakādīhi bāhirakaparikappitehīti adhippāyo. Dukkhañhi vedanīyampi santaṃ vedakarahitaṃ, kevalaṃ pana tasmiṃ attano paccayehi pavattamāne dukkhaṃ vedetīti vohāramattaṃ hoti. Esa nayo itaresupi.

‘‘Dukkhamevā’’ti avadhāraṇena nivattitamatthaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘na koci dukkhito’’ti vuttaṃ. Kiriyāva vijjatīti samudayasaccaṃ sandhāya vadati. Purimasaccadvayassa vipākavaṭṭakammavaṭṭasaṅgahato kārakassa vā dukkhasaccasabhāvamāha. Kātabbāpi hi kiriyā kārakarahitā kevalaṃ attano paccayehi tāya pavattamānāya dukkhasaññite dhammappabandhe kiriyaṃ karotīti vohāramattaṃ hoti. Nibbutagamakesupi eseva nayo. ‘‘Maggo atthī’’ti vattabbe ‘‘maggamatthī’’ti okārassa abhāvo katoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Gamakoti nibbutiṃ gantā.

Kilesāsucipaggharaṇaṭṭhena sāsavatā asubhatāti katvā anāsavattā nirodhamaggā subhā eva. Dukkhādīnaṃ pariyāyena samudayādibhāvo ca atthi, na pana nirodhabhāvo, nirodhassa vā na dukkhādibhāvoti nirodhāvasesattayānaṃ na aññamaññasamaṅgitāti āha ‘‘nirodhasuññāni vā’’tiādi.

Samudaye dukkhassābhāvatoti ponobhavikāya taṇhāya punabbhavassa abhāvato. Yathā vā pakativādīnaṃ vikārā avikāribhāvato, pubbe patipalīnā ca pakatibhāveneva tiṭṭhanti, na evaṃ samudayasampayuttampi dukkhaṃ samudayabhāvena tiṭṭhatīti āha ‘‘samudaye dukkhassābhāvato’’ti. Magge ca nirodhassa abhāvatoti sambandho. Yathā avibhattehi vikārehi mahāhaṅkāratammattavisesindriyabhūtavisesehi pakatibhāveneva ṭhitehi pakati sagabbhā icchitā pakativādīhi, evaṃ na phalena sagabbho hetūti attho. ‘‘Dukkhasamudayānaṃ nirodhamaggānañca asamavāyā’’ti etaṃ vivaranto āha ‘‘na hetusamavetaṃ hetuphala’’ntiādi. Tattha ‘‘idha tantūsu paṭo, kapālesu ghaṭo, bīraṇesu kaṭo dvīsu aṇūsu dviaṇuka’’ntiādinā idha vuddhivohārajanako avisuṃ siddhānaṃ sambandho samavāyo, tena samavāyena kāraṇesu dvīsu aṇūsu dviaṇukaṃ phalaṃ samavetaṃ ekībhūtamiva sambaddhaṃ, tīsu aṇūsu tiaṇukanti evaṃ mahāpathavīmahāudakamahāaggimahāvātakkhandhapariyantaṃ phalaṃ attano kāraṇesu samavetanti samavāyavādino vadanti. Evaṃ pana vadantehi aparimāṇesu kāraṇesu mahāparimāṇaṃ ekaṃ phalaṃ samavetaṃ attano antogadhehi kāraṇehi sagabbhaṃ asuññanti vuttaṃ hoti. Evamidha samavāyābhāvā phale hetu natthīti hetusuññaṃ phalanti attho.

568.Pavattibhāvatoti saṃsārassa pavattibhāvato. Catuāhārabhedatoti catuāhārappaccayavisesato. Etena cattāro kabaḷīkārādiāhāravisese, ajjhoharaṇīyavatthu, saḷāyatana, avijjā, abhisaṅkhārasaṅkhāte tappaccayabhūtadhammavisese ca saṅgaṇhāti, ojaṭṭhamakarūpa, vedanā, paṭisandhiviññāṇa, nāmarūpasaṅkhāte tannibbattadhammavisese ca.

Pavattakabhāvato pavattidukkhassa. Rūpābhinandanādibhedo rūpakkhandhādiabhinandanabhedo, rūpārammaṇādivasenāpīti vadanti. Rūpataṇhādīnaṃ paccekaṃ anekabhedattā cha taṇhākāyā, tesaṃ bhedato.

Upādānehi upādīyatīti upādi, upādānakkhandhapañcakaṃ. Tannissaraṇabhūtaṃ nibbānaṃ, tassa vūpasamo taṃsantīti katvā tassa yāva pacchimaṃ cittaṃ, tāva sesataṃ, tato paraṃ anavasesatañca upādāya saupādisesanibbānadhātu, nirupādisesanibbānadhātūti dvidhā voharīyati. Yathā cāyaṃ bhedo vohārato, evamitarepīti te katipaye dassetuṃ ‘‘tividho’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Aññathā ekassa sato nibbānassa kuto bhedoti.

Samathavipassanābhedatoti ettha sammādiṭṭhisammāsaṅkappā vipassanā, itare samathāti vadanti. Sīlampi hi samathassa upakārakattā samathaggahaṇena gayhatīti tesaṃ adhippāyo. Atha vā yānadvayassa vasena laddho maggo samatho vipassanāti āgamanavasena vuttoti daṭṭhabbo. Ayanti ariyamaggo. Sappadesattāti sīlakkhandhādīnaṃ ekadesattāti attho. Ekadeso hi padissati avayavabhāvena apadisīyatīti padeso, attano samudāyaṃ pati saha padesenāti sappadesoti vuccati yathā ‘‘sanidassanā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. dukamātikā 9), sīlakkhandhādayo ca sabbalokiyalokuttarasīlādisaṅgāhakā, ariyamaggo lokuttaro evāti tadekadeso hoti.

Sajātitoti samānajātito, vacīduccaritaviratiādibhedesu samānāya sīlajātiyāti attho.

Onatasahāyo viya vāyāmo paggahakiccasāmaññato. Aṃsakūṭaṃ datvā ṭhitasahāyo viya sati apilāpanavasena niccalabhāvakaraṇasāmaññato. Sajātitoti savitakkasavicārādibhedesu samānāya samādhijātiyāti attho. Kiriyatoti samādhianurūpakiriyato. Tato eva hi ‘‘cattāro satipaṭṭhānā samādhinimittā, cattāro sammappadhānā samādhiparikkhārā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.46) sativāyāmānaṃ samādhissa nimittaparikkhārabhāvo vutto.

Ākoṭentena viyāti ‘‘aniccaṃ anicca’’ntiādinā paññākiccasadisena kiccena samantato koṭentena viya, ‘‘aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena, dukkhaṃ bhayaṭṭhenā’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.48) parivattentena viya ca ādāya ūhitvā dinnameva paññā paṭivijjhati. Dvinnaṃ samānakālattepi paccayabhāvena sammāsaṅkappassa purimakālassa viya niddeso kato. Sajātitoti ‘‘dukkhe ñāṇa’’ntiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 5.8) samānāya paññājātiyā. Kiriyatoti ettha paññāsadisaṃ kiccaṃ ‘‘kiriyā’’ti vuttaṃ, pubbe pana samādhiupakārakaṃ tadanurūpakiccanti ayamettha viseso.

‘‘Sabbaṃ, bhikkhave, abhiññeyya’’nti (saṃ. ni. 4.46) vacanato cattāripi abhimukhaṃ paccakkhato ñātabbāni, abhivisiṭṭhena vā ñāṇena ñātabbānīti abhiññeyyāni.

569.Aññamaññaṃ sabhāgānīti aññamaññasamānabhāgāni, sadisarūpānīti attho.

Durabhisambhavataranti abhisambhavituṃ sādhetuṃ asakkuṇeyyataraṃ, sattivighātena duradhigamanti attho. Asananti kaṇḍaṃ. Atipāteyyāti khipeyya. Koṭiyāti kaṇḍassa koṭiyā vālaggena. Koṭinti vālasseva koṭiṃ. Paṭivijjheyyāti paṭimukhabhāvena vijjheyya.

Bādhakapabhavasantiniyyānalakkhaṇehi vavatthānaṃ salakkhaṇavavatthānaṃ. Duravagāhatthena gambhīrattāti oḷārikā dukkhasamudayā. Tiracchānagatānampi hi dukkhaṃ, āhārādīsu ca abhilāso pākaṭo. Pīḷanādiāyūhanādivasena pana ‘‘idaṃ dukkhaṃ, idamassa kāraṇa’’nti yāthāvato ogāhituṃ asakkuṇeyyattā gambhīrā. Saṇhasukhumadhammattā nirodhamaggā sabhāvato eva gambhīraṭṭhena duravagāhā. Teneva uppanne magge natthi nirodhamaggānaṃ anavagāhoti. Nibbānampi maggena adhigantabbattā tassa phalanti apadisīyatīti āha ‘‘phalāpadesato’’ti. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘dukkhanirodhe ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā’’ti (vibha. 719). Maggopi nirodhassa sampāpakabhāvato ‘‘hetū’’ti apadisīyatīti āha ‘‘hetuapadesato’’ti. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā’’ti (vibha. 719).

Iti evaṃ pakārehīti iti vijaññāti sambandho. Tattha itisaddena vijānanakkamaṃ dasseti. Evaṃ pakārehīti evaṃ-saddena vijānanakāraṇabhūtena eva.